【正文】 iver when the goods have been made available at the named place in the country of importation. The seller has to bear the costs and risks involved in bringing the goods thereto (excluding duties, taxes and other official charges payable upon importation) as well as the costs and risks of carrying out customs formalities. The buyer has to pay any additional costs and to bear any risks caused by his failure to clear the goods for import in time. DEQ: obligations 1. Provision of goods in conformity with the contract 2. Export licenses, official documents and customs formalities 3. Contract of carriage 4. Delivery 5. Risks and costs before the goods’ delivery to the buyer’s disposal at the named place of destination 6. Notice to the buyer 7. Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message obligations 1. Payment for goods 2. Import licenses, official documents and customs formalities 3. Taking delivery 4. Risks and costs after the goods’ delivery to the buyer’s disposal at the named place of destination Seller Buyer Other terms: DDP ? definition obligations of the seller and the buyer DDP: defintion ?Delivered Duty Paid ( ... named place of destination ) DDP means that the seller fulfils his obligation to deliver when the goods have been made available at the named place in the country of importation. The seller has to bear the risks and costs, including duties, taxes and other charges of delivering the goods thereto, cleared for importation. While the EXW term represents the minimum obligation for the seller, DDP represents the maximum obligation. DEQ: obligations 1. Provision of goods in conformity with the contract 2. Export and import licenses, official documents and customs formalities and duties 3. Contract of carriage 4. Delivery 5. Risks and costs before the goods’ delivery to the buyer’s disposal at the named place of destination 6. Notice to the buyer 7. Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message obligations 1. Payment for goods 2. Taking delivery 3. Risks and costs after the goods’ delivery to the buyer’s disposal at the named place of destination Seller Buyer ?DDP and DDU are applicable to all modes of transportation while for DES and DEQ, the place of delivery is at either on board of the ship or at the quay or wharf. ?Modes of transport: ?DAF: mainly by rail or highway, but also by other means of transport. ?DES and DEQ: by water ?DDU and DDP: all modes of transport INCOTERMS 174。 2022 ?A brief introduction to INCOTERMS174。 2022 ?The structure of INCOTERMS174。 2022 ?Its differences from INCOTERMS 2022 A brief introduction to INCOTERMS174。 2022 ?Passed by ICC in September 2022。 effective as of Jan 1, 2022。 the latest publication concerning international trade terms usage. ?Major changes have been made. ? INCOTERMS 2022 still remains in use. 73 The structure of INCOTERMS174。 2022 Any Mode of Transport EXW FCA CPT CIP DAT DAP DDP Ex Works Free Carrier Carriage Paid To Carriage and Insurance Paid To Delivered At Terminal Delivered At Place Delivered Duty Paid 工廠交貨 貨交承運(yùn)人 運(yùn)費(fèi)付至 運(yùn)保費(fèi)付至 指定終端交貨 指定目的地交貨 完稅后交貨 Sea and Inland Waterway Transport Only FAS FOB CFR CIF Free Alongside Ship Free On Board Cost and Freight Cost, Insurance and Freight 裝運(yùn)港船邊交貨 裝運(yùn)港船上交貨 成本加運(yùn)費(fèi) 成本加運(yùn)保費(fèi) Its differences from INCOTERMS 2022 ?Change of the scope of application ?Classification of trade terms ?Change of trade terms ?Addition of “Guidance Note” ?Adjustments on obligation items ?Adjustments on the places of transfer of risks ?Mention of “string sales” (連環(huán)貿(mào)易 ) Change of the scope of application ?Incoterms 2022 is applicable to international trade while Incoterms174。 2022 is also applicable to domestic trade. This change is made to acmodate regional trades. ?Incoterms174。 2022 specifies that the seller/buyer should obtain import/export licenses or other official authorization necessary “where applicable”. Classification of trade terms ?Incoterms 2022 divides the trade terms into four groups (E, F, C and D), arranged according to the increase of seller?s obligations and the decrease of the buyer?s obligation. ?Incoterms174。 2022 groups the trade terms as “any mode of transport” and “sea and inland waterway transport only”, drawing more attention to the use of appropriate transport modes. Change of trade terms ?There are 13 trade terms in Incoterms 2022 ?There are only 11 trade terms in Incoterms174。 2022 DAF、 DES、 DEQ and DDU are deleted. Two new terms DAT and DAP are added. DAT: Guidance Note ?This rule may be used irrespective of the mode of transport selected and may also be used where more than one mode of transport is employed. ?“Delivered at Terminal”(DAT) means that the seller delivers when the goods, once unloaded from the arriving means of transport, are placed at the disposal of the buyer at a named terminal at the named port or place of destination. “Terminal” includes any place, whether covered or not, such as a quay, warehouse, container yard or road, rail or air cargo terminal. ?The seller bears all risks involved in bringing the goods to and unloading them at the terminal at the named port or place of destination. The parties are well advised to specify as clearly as possible the terminal and, if possible, a specific point within the terminal at the agreed port or place of destination, as the risks to that point are for the account of the seller. The seller is advised to procure a contract of carriage that matches this choice precisely. ?Moreover, if the parties intend the seller to bear the risks and costs involved in transporting and ha