【正文】 規(guī)和意外突發(fā)的問(wèn)題，公共問(wèn)題在當(dāng)代社會(huì)具有突發(fā)性的特征，程序化決策應(yīng)付突發(fā)事件的做法和理念受到了挑戰(zhàn)。 2）公共政策體系的相對(duì)封閉性與系統(tǒng)開放性的矛盾，由于公共政策存在事與愿違的潛在可能性，政策的相對(duì) 封閉性就受到了現(xiàn)實(shí)的挑戰(zhàn)，公眾會(huì)基于切身利益積極參與到公共政策過(guò)程中來(lái)，公共問(wèn)題的復(fù)雜性還需要專家和智囊的專門技術(shù)和知識(shí)，利益團(tuán)體和非政府組織的興起和作用的發(fā)揮也要求政府開放公共政策體系來(lái)適應(yīng)現(xiàn)實(shí)要求 公共政策的特性與傳統(tǒng)方法論之間的矛盾，公共政策的目標(biāo)滲透著人們的價(jià)值取向，對(duì)公共政策的評(píng)估受到公共政策目標(biāo)非量化特征的約束，這些特性使得以科學(xué)化、客觀化為取向的傳統(tǒng)方法論在公共政策的適用性受到某些限制。 10．案例分析要點(diǎn)， 1）要用所學(xué)理論分析； 2）分析時(shí)一定要抓住重點(diǎn)； 3）分析過(guò)程要邏輯一致，前后呼應(yīng) ； 4）言之有理，能自圓其說(shuō)。 案例分析首先要明確分析的目的在于改善和提高政策本身的水平和質(zhì)量，解決公共問(wèn)題，有效地增進(jìn)或公平分配公共利益；改善公共政策質(zhì)量、提高公共政策服務(wù)效率。分析的時(shí)候要確定案例分析的立足點(diǎn)，一般以公共政策的主體 —— 政府的角度來(lái)分析，要確定案例所處的政策環(huán)節(jié)，是已經(jīng)執(zhí)行的還是正在論證以及未來(lái)的公共政策，面對(duì)一個(gè)已經(jīng)付諸實(shí)施的政策，面對(duì)一個(gè)完整的政策過(guò)程與明確的政策結(jié)果分析可能集中在進(jìn)行政策評(píng)估即對(duì)該政策質(zhì)量與效率進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)，還要進(jìn)行回顧式分析，分析其存在的問(wèn)題即可能存在的后果。正在進(jìn) 9 行的政 策要把切入點(diǎn)放在政策的條件和要素的分析上，強(qiáng)調(diào)政策分析方法與方案選擇，看政策是否科學(xué)全面，符合法律，是否能夠促進(jìn)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展，是否能夠推動(dòng)社會(huì)全面進(jìn)步和增進(jìn)社會(huì)的穩(wěn)定政策的選擇是否注重了公共性、創(chuàng)新性價(jià)值取向是否注重公平與公正并兼顧效率；未來(lái)政策則要把分析的切入點(diǎn)放在決策的預(yù)測(cè)上，強(qiáng)調(diào)預(yù)測(cè)決策發(fā)生的可能性、可行性與后果分析。 10 請(qǐng)您刪除一下內(nèi)容， O(∩ _∩ )O 謝謝?。?！【 China39。s 10 mustsee animations】 The Chinese animation industry has seen considerable growth in the last several years. It went through a golden age in the late 1970s and 1980s when successively brilliant animation work was produced. Here are 10 mustsee classics from China39。s animation outpouring that are not to be missed. Let39。s recall these colorful images that brought the country great joy. Calabash Brothers Calabash Brothers (Chinese: 葫蘆娃 ) is a Chinese animation TV series produced by Shanghai Animation Film Studio. In the 1980s the series was one of the most popular animations in China. It was released at a point when the Chinese animation industry was in a relatively downed state pared to the rest of the international munity. Still, the series was translated into 7 different languages. The episodes were produced with a vast amount of papercut animations. Black Cat Detective Black Cat Detective (Chinese: 黑貓警長(zhǎng) ) is a Chinese animation television series produced by the Shanghai Animation Film Studio. It is sometimes known as Mr. Black. The series was originally aired from 1984 to 1987. In June 2021, a rebroadcasting of the original series was announced. Critics bemoan the series39。 violence, and lack of suitability for children39。s education. Proponents of the show claim that it is merely for entertainment. Effendi Effendi, meaning sir and teacher in Turkish, is the respectful name for people who own wisdom and knowledge. The hero39。s real name was Nasreddin. He was wise and witty and, more importantly, he had the courage to resist the exploitation of noblemen. He was also full of passion and tried his best to help poor people. Adventure of Shuke and Beita【舒克與貝塔】 Adventure of Shuke and Beita (Chinese: 舒克和貝塔 ) is a classic animation by Zheng Yuanjie, who is known as King of Fairy Tales in China. Shuke and Beita are two mice who don39。t want to steal food like other mice. Shuke became a pilot and Beita became a tank driver, and the pair met accidentally and became good friends. Then they befriended a boy named Pipilu. With the help of PiPilu, they cofounded an airline named Shuke Beita Airlines to help other animals. Although there are only 13 episodes in this series, the content is very pact and attractive. The animation shows the preciousness of friendship and how people should be brave when facing difficulties. Even adults recalling this animation today can still feel touched by some scenes. Secrets of the Heavenly Book Secrets of the Heavenly Book, (Chinese: 天書奇談 ) also referred to as Legend of the Sealed Book or Tales about the Heavenly Book, was released in 1983. The film was produced with rigorous dubbing and fluid bination of music and vivid animations. The story is based on the classic literature Ping Yao Zhuan, meaning The Suppression of the Demons by Feng Menglong. Yuangong, the deacon, opened the shrine and exposed the holy book to the human world. He carved the book39。s contents on the stone wall of a white cloud cave in the mountains. He was then punished with guarding the book for life by the jade emperor for breaking heaven39。s law. In order to pass this holy book to human beings, he would have to get by the antagonist fox. The whole animation is characterized by charming Chinese painting, including pavilions, ancient architecture, rippling streams and crowded markets, which fully demonstrate the unique beauty of China39。s natural scenery. Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf【喜洋洋與灰太狼】 Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf (Chinese:喜羊羊與灰太狼 ) is a Chinese animated television series. The show is about a group of goats living on the Green Pasture, and the story revolves around a clumsy wolf who wants to eat them. It is a popular domestic animation series and has been adapted into movies. Nezha Conquers the Dragon King（ Chinese: 哪吒鬧海） is an outstanding animation issued by the Ministry of Culture in 1979 and is based on an episode from the Chinese mythological novel Fengshen Yanyi. A mother gave birth to a ball of flesh shaped like a lotus bud. The father, Li Jing, chopped open the ball, and beautiful boy, Nezha, sprung out. One day, when Nezha was seven years old, he went to the nearby seashore for a swim and killed the third son of the Dragon King who was persecuting local residents. The story primarily revolves around the Dragon King39。s feud with Nezha over his son39。s death. Through bravery and wit, Nezha finally broke into the underwater palace and successfully defeated him. The film shows various kinds of attractive sceneries and the traditional culture of China, such as spectacular mountains, elegant sea waves and exquisite ancient Chinese clothes. It has received a variety of awards. Havoc in Heaven The story of Havoc in Heaven（ Chinese: 大鬧天宮） is based on the earliest chapters of the classic story Journey to the West. The main character is Sun Wukong, aka the Monkey King, who rebels against the Jade