【導(dǎo)讀】，共有3層設(shè)計(jì)可采煤層，。。，平均傾斜長(zhǎng)4km，煤層平均傾角11°，屬于緩傾斜煤層。本設(shè)計(jì)礦井采用雙立井的開(kāi)拓方式，集中大巷布置方式。共劃分12個(gè)帶區(qū)，其中首帶區(qū)為2個(gè)，達(dá)產(chǎn)工作面1個(gè)。本設(shè)計(jì)帶區(qū)為北一，大巷裝車(chē)式下部車(chē)場(chǎng)，綜采機(jī)械化采煤。年工作日為330d，采用“三、八”式工作制，工作面長(zhǎng)為190m，，每日割6刀。提升設(shè)備為主井采用箕斗提升，副井采用罐籠提升。由于井田傾斜長(zhǎng)度較大，且為緩傾斜煤層，以及煤層地質(zhì)條件等因素影響，決定本井田內(nèi)全部采用傾斜長(zhǎng)壁采煤法開(kāi)采。由于本人知識(shí)有限，缺乏現(xiàn)場(chǎng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。井田位置及范圍 2. 礦區(qū)范圍內(nèi)的地層情況 3. 煤層賦存狀況及可采煤層特征 5. 煤質(zhì)、牌號(hào)及用途 7. 第2章井田境界、儲(chǔ)量、服務(wù)年限 8. 井田未來(lái)發(fā)展情況 8. 井田內(nèi)外及附近生產(chǎn)礦井開(kāi)拓方式概述 11. 井硐形式和數(shù)目 16. 井硐穿過(guò)的巖層性質(zhì)及井硐維護(hù) 19. 井筒延伸的初步意見(jiàn) 22. 井底車(chē)場(chǎng)形式的確定及論證 22. 火災(zāi)的預(yù)防措施 53

　　

【正文】 在疊加支護(hù)狀態(tài)下，頂板暴露后可分為4個(gè)變化階段。頂板下沉曲線(xiàn)　　第一階段為一級(jí)支護(hù)承載階段，低位承載體主承載，短錨桿受力迅速增加到130kN左右 后趨于穩(wěn)定，頂板下沉速度較快，平均8mm/d 。第一階段大約4d左右。第二階段為一級(jí)和二級(jí)支護(hù)疊加承載階段，低位和中位承載體同時(shí)主承載，長(zhǎng)錨桿受力緩慢 增加后趨于穩(wěn)定，三級(jí)支護(hù)緩慢加載，錨索受力增加，頂板下沉速度平穩(wěn)，～2 mm/d 。第二階段大約5d左右。　　第三階段為一級(jí)、二級(jí)和三級(jí)支護(hù)疊加承載階段，低位、中位和高位承載體同時(shí)承載，頂板 趨于穩(wěn)定，短錨桿、長(zhǎng)錨桿、錨索受力無(wú)明顯增加，頂板無(wú)明顯下沉量。　　同一條巷道其它支護(hù)皆為原錨桿支護(hù)設(shè)計(jì)，錨桿使用222200mm 的熱軋螺紋鋼等強(qiáng)樹(shù)脂 錨桿，全長(zhǎng)錨固，錨桿間距700mm，排距800mm 。巷道從開(kāi)掘到回采，錨桿支護(hù)原設(shè)計(jì)支 護(hù)段翻修了2遍，而疊加支護(hù)段只在綜采工作面臨近時(shí)進(jìn)行拉底即可滿(mǎn)足正常生產(chǎn)，每百米 巷道可節(jié)約人工及支護(hù)費(fèi)用10萬(wàn)余元?！　?shí)踐證明，這種疊加支護(hù)技術(shù)充分發(fā)揮了錨桿支護(hù)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，充分利用了錨桿的長(zhǎng)度、韌性、 剛度等屬性，錨桿之間互相補(bǔ)充、互相強(qiáng)化，剛?cè)岵?jì)，形成了高強(qiáng)度、高彈性的穩(wěn)定承載 體，基本解決了復(fù)合頂板的強(qiáng)度低、擴(kuò)容變形量大、擴(kuò)容應(yīng)力大、穩(wěn)定性差等支護(hù)難題?！　×硗?，這種疊加支護(hù)技術(shù)施工時(shí)，只要一級(jí)支護(hù)的短錨桿施工完即可繼續(xù)掘進(jìn)，主要工序作 業(yè)時(shí)間縮短，平行作業(yè)工序個(gè)數(shù)增加，加快了掘進(jìn)速度。附錄二：The lap attend method of pound roof bolt attendRoseanne The summary passes to study the different from a plank breaks the mechanism, put forward a kind of passing length in mechanism in function in pole in anchor man anchor man pole( anchor man ) anchor man adds the formative adds a superior for the nursing talks about, to solve to reunite a knothole a hard nut to crack, and pass actually the application data explained the adds .Think that reunite a length, tenacity for the knothole anchor man pole a can make use of the anchor man pole well, just an etc. Belongs to the sex, being the stability loading of the high strength, high flexibility, basic solution reunite a knothole strength low, the permits to transform to have great capacity, the permits should the dint is big, the stability is bad to wait a hard nut to crack. The key pound roof bolt attend lap attendIn mineral well developments, anchor man pole a drive extensive application, its superior is obvious to all, but in deep bigger mineral in in coal seam well developments over distance, reunite a hard nut to crack for the knothole anchor man pole has been construction to many layerings, low the project according to the once many transformation in parameter in rock, layering...etc. In a plank a plank anchor man pole , each design project is again through many excellent turn, improve, but all could not to attain the anticipant a tunnel a plank of the anchor man pole with change horaryly, is a loss that partial tunnel a plank lose first steady, then is a tunnel a plank to lose steady, the big area tunnel a plank loses finally steady, the tunnel is a request to beat to order the pillar, then divide finally big area in inside in tunnel, and still overhaul in return adopt front, return adopt, to guarantee back to adopt first, giving the nation to result in person39。s dint of large quantity, material resources, financial power with the business resolve to reunite a crest the knothole anchor man pole problem is urgent. 1 The tunnel a plank breaks the mechanism  the general process that tunnel a planks break A plank suffers to press to transform the → rock part accepts defeat to transform the lower layer in a plank in → in breakage in occurrence in weak in reason in stanza in → an occurrence flection transforms( panion contain partial rock piece shed off) the → rock strata occurrence pulls to stretch or the part shears to slice the breakage → tunnel a plank transforms the breakage. breakage mechanism (1) the tunnel under the highland should the dint function round the rock, the occurrence permits to transform in response to the dint but break. (2) the tunnel rounds to imply the soft rock in dilatability in the rock, absorbing water the occurrence inflation transform but make round the rock occurrence break. (3) the equilibrium rock inside the arch in anchor man is a stipulation that breakage loosen to move from the flexibility change, making anchor man pole lost to enhance the equilibrium arch in anchor man to leave the layer to shear to slice two basic functions with the anti, causing round the rock breakage. (4) the tunnel opens after digging, the tunnel rounds the rock is first from pressing should the dint cause of squeeze the breakage, along with squeeze the breakage face to round the rock the deep a development causes the rock extends to inflate with the physical volume, make tunnel periphery rock strata bent, but produce the flection pull in response to the dint, causing a plank rock strata broken. We think generally, tunnel a plank is because of openning to lose after digging accept but appear the flection descend to sink, producing in a plank the flection pull in response to the dint, and the rock anti pull the strength very low, so result in a plank pull to stretch the in reality, round the rock first is to suffer to press but enter the break, producing the rock flection afterward to sink the breakage down because of break the rocky and ground bulge,. The construction breaks the mechanism (1) the tunnel opens after digging, rock strata anti level should the an of the dint reduce, under the level should the dint function the coal seam faces to along the level layer reason the lane way crushes into, causing the tunnel suffer the level for crest should dint function but break. (2) round the esse of the rock inside stanza reason structure are very big to loading ability and its stability influences that round the rocks, is a stanza reason particularly and the most big lord should the dint direction is inclined to hand over, the rock is easy the most along the stanza to manage the weak breaks but lose steady. (3) the tunnel opens after digging, round the rock suffer the dint appearance from three stalk should the dint change into the single stalk presses should dint appearance, press the strength because of the single stalk in rock anti Low, cause round the rock creation break or manage the weak breakage along the rock strata suffers to press the destructive result the creation side faces to transform and flection. The breakage district is more big, the flection transforms more big, result in the tunnel perimeter original place from here to turn to change into in the ro