【導讀】的研究工作及取得的研究成果。據(jù)我所知，除文中已經(jīng)注明引用。對本論文（設(shè)計）的研究做出重要貢獻的個人和集體，均已在文中作了明確說明并表示謝意。交論文（設(shè)計）的電子版和紙質(zhì)版。贏利目的的少量復制并允許論文（設(shè)計）進入學校圖書館被查閱。學?？梢怨颊撐模ㄔO(shè)計）的全部或部分內(nèi)容。計）在解密后適用本規(guī)定。1）文字通順，語言流暢，書寫字跡工整，打印字體及大小符合要求，無錯別字，紙應符合國家技術(shù)標準規(guī)范。布袋除塵器作為工業(yè)除塵的主要除塵設(shè)備，是量大面廣的工業(yè)設(shè)備，氣體中固體顆粒物的除塵裝置。通過參閱有關(guān)文獻，搜集資料等方法，取得對布袋除塵器設(shè)計的一定了解，如布袋除塵器的結(jié)構(gòu)組成，選型，工作原理等等，進而進行畢業(yè)設(shè)計。工具書，借鑒其他成品圖紙，進行布袋除塵器機械結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計。除塵器的發(fā)展進行了一定的研究，總結(jié)了布袋除塵器的優(yōu)點和缺點。一臺布袋除塵器的設(shè)計要求和引用的標準。

　　

【正文】 shown in FIGS. 4A4D so that the purging of purity air is optimally performed independent of the load pressure loss of the filtering area and the length of the filter cloth, greatly reducing current resistance. In pursetype filter cloth 11, as shown in FIG. 5, the unit of retainer is established in such a manner that at least one, or multiple, if necessary, retainers 12 are stacked from the top 11a to the bottom 11b of filter cloth 11. In order to prevent filter cloth 11 from being deformed or distorted due to the mechanical operation of the dust collector, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, after a plurality of retainers 12 are stacked in filter cloth 11, a push plate 13 are put on a circular portion 11c formed on the mouth of the filter cloth, and then fastened by bolt 14 and nut 15. Referring to FIGS. 7A, 7B and 7C, pursetype filter cloth 11 of the present invention is made in which purity air purging velocity Vpa, intermediate entry velocity Vmi, and filtering position entry velocity Fev are distributed uniformly. In other words, the pursetype filter cloth bees the core of bining dust settling area 16, filtering/dust collecting area 17, purity air purging area 18, and dust discharging area 19. 31 For the respective explanations to the various shapes of the filter cloth such as bag, envelope and purse, the bagshaped filter cloth is cylindrical as shown in FIG. 1C. When this is fixed onto the filter cloth mounting plate, its filtering surfaces are trihedron (upper and lower surfaces and circumferential surface). In order to increase the filtering area, the circumferential surface must be increased in length (Fx) while diameter D is constant. The envelopeshaped filter cloth is rectangular and dihedral. In this case, in order to increase its filtering area, the length of envelope must bee longer, its width be changed, or the length and width of the envelope be increased simultaneously to thereby increase both sides thereof. This type of filter cloth is unfavorable to large or middlesized dust collectors in structure. The purseshaped filter cloth of the present invention is hexahedral, whose top and bottom have similar areas in the original form. In the present invention, two surfaces (upper and lower surfaces) of the hexahedron are set to be constant, and four sides of the twelve sides related to the remaining four surfaces are changed. As the filtering areas of two surfaces increase, the mouth area of the purse increases proportionally to optimally maintain the purging velocity of purity air. By doing so, the pressure loss of the dust collector is pensated to be favorable to the dust collecting function. Though this may be seen as a simple principle, it will be found in the later description that optimal filtering function is exhibited by harmonizing six (front, rear, upper, lower, left and right) kinds of velocity of the filter cloth. Pursetype filter cloth 11 of the present invention assists many functions, and has significantly more advantages than wellknown filter cloths. 32 According to these advantages, filter cloth 11 can be easily manufactured. In addition, pared with the conventional filter cloths whose filtering capacity is determined in design and thus extremely limited, the filter cloth of the present invention can exert the maximum of the filtering capacity according to the front, rear, left, right, upper and lower flow of mixed current from the center thereof. As shown in FIG. 2, the velocity of the current entering housing 1 through hood 5 from the dust source can be divided into a settling tank entry velocity at which mixed current (dust+air) goes into the housing having pursetype filter cloth 11, a dust settlement velocity inside the housing, an initial entry velocity at which the mixed current directed toward the area of pursetype filter cloth 11 changes its first direction and then enters the filter cloth, an entry velocity at which the mixed current enters the filtering area from the directionchanged initial entry velocity, a velocity, that is, entry velocity for filtering, at which the mixed current goes to a filtering position in the filtering area, a filtering velocity at which the mixed current passes through the filter cloth, and a purging velocity for purity air filtered. 一 性能特點 脈沖袋除塵器是一種高效除塵器。它綜合分室反吹和噴吹脈沖等除塵器的優(yōu)點，克服了分室反吹時動能強度不夠和噴吹脈沖清灰過濾同時進行的缺點，因而增強了使用適應性，提高了收塵效率，延長了濾袋使用 壽命。濾袋上口不設(shè)文氏管，也沒有噴吹管，降低了工作阻力，使檢修、維護都相當簡便，電磁脈沖閥具有控制靈敏、效率高、壽命長等特點。目前，這種型式的袋除塵器已被廣泛選用。 二 基本結(jié)構(gòu)及工作原理 33 1 結(jié)構(gòu)： 氣箱脈沖式袋除塵器的主要結(jié)構(gòu)是，主體由箱體和袋室（一體），灰斗、進出風口（包括螺旋輸送機和卸灰閥），爬梯、欄桿、氣路系統(tǒng)（包括離線氣缸、電磁脈沖閥、壓力氣包等）、清灰控制器等。 （ 1）箱體 箱體主要是固定袋籠、濾袋及氣路元件之用，并制成全密閉形式，清灰時，壓縮空氣首先進入箱體，并沖入各濾袋內(nèi)部。箱體頂部做成 度斜面，在戶外使用時可防止積水，頂部還設(shè)有人孔檢修門，安裝和更換袋籠、濾袋全部在這里進行，十分方便。根據(jù)規(guī)格不同，箱體內(nèi)又分成若干個室，相互之間均用鋼板隔開，互不透氣，以實現(xiàn)離線清灰，每個室內(nèi)均設(shè)有一個提升閥，以通斷過濾煙氣流。 （ 2）袋室 袋室在箱體的下部，主要用來容納袋籠和濾袋，并形成一個過濾空間，煙氣的凈化主要在這里進行，同箱體一樣，根據(jù)規(guī)格的不同也分成若干個室，并用鋼板隔開，以防在清灰時各室之間的相互干擾，同時形成一定的沉降空間。 在袋室的壁板上，每個室設(shè)一個泄爆孔，共 8 個泄爆孔。 選煤設(shè)備，在 選煤的過程中，雖有些煤粉產(chǎn)生，進入除塵的煤粉濃度又遠小于 65g/m3，除塵器可不設(shè)泄爆孔。雖然如此，除塵器的濾袋采用防靜電濾料。在袋室壁板上按壁板位置結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)泄爆孔，泄爆孔面積 ，材質(zhì)選用厚度等于 1mm 的 L2M退火的工業(yè)純鋁板，工業(yè)鋁板的抗拉強度約為60Mpa，與厚度等于 4mm 的碳結(jié)構(gòu)鋼壁板抗拉強度不小于 375Mpa 的抗拉強度比較，泄爆孔是可以起到泄爆作用，保證除塵器安全運行。 （ 3）灰斗 灰斗布置在袋室的下部，它存放收集下來的粉塵。當含塵氣體進入袋 34 室前先進入灰斗，由于灰斗內(nèi)容積大，使得氣流速度降低 ，加之氣流方向的改變，使得較粗的塵籽在這里得到分離，灰斗內(nèi)布置有螺旋輸送機設(shè)備，出口還設(shè)有回轉(zhuǎn)卸料器或翻板閥等鎖風設(shè)備，可連續(xù)進行排灰。 （ 4）進出風口 進出風口根據(jù)除塵器的結(jié)構(gòu)形式分二種， 32系列的進風口為圓筒型，直接焊在灰斗的側(cè)板上，出風口安排在箱體下部，袋室側(cè)面，通過提升閥板孔與箱體內(nèi)部相通，其它系列的進出風口制成一體，安排在袋室側(cè)面，箱體和灰斗之間，中間用斜隔板隔成互不透氣的二部分，分別為進氣和出氣口，這種結(jié)構(gòu)形式體積雖大一些，但氣流分布均勻，灰斗內(nèi)預收塵效果好，適合于煙氣含塵濃度較大的場合使用。 2 氣箱脈沖式袋除塵器的工作原理： 當含塵煙氣由進風口進入灰斗以后，一部分較粗塵料在這時由于慣性碰撞、自然沉降等原因落入灰斗，大部分塵粒隨氣流上升進入袋室，經(jīng)濾袋過濾后，塵粒被阻留在濾袋外側(cè)，凈化的煙氣由濾袋內(nèi)部進入箱體，再由閥板孔、出風口排入大氣，達到收塵的目的，隨著過濾過程的不斷進行，濾袋外側(cè)的積塵也逐漸增多，從而使除塵器的運行阻力也逐漸增高，當阻力增到預先設(shè)定值（ 1245－ 1470Pa）時，清灰控制器發(fā)生信號，首先控制提升閥將閥板孔關(guān)閉，以切斷過濾煙氣流，停止過濾過程，然后電磁脈沖閥打開，以極短時間（ － ）向箱體內(nèi)噴入壓力為 － 的壓縮空氣，壓縮空氣在箱體內(nèi)迅速膨脹，涌入濾袋內(nèi)部，使濾袋產(chǎn)生變形