【導(dǎo)讀】這篇報(bào)道不是顛倒黑白就是含糊其辭.

　　

【正文】 6) ? IV. Lies do great harm to patients, doctors, and the entire medical profession.(Para. 79) ? A. harm to patients ? B. harm to doctors and medical profession ? V. Conflicts amp。 urgent need for an open debate – author‘s advice (Para. 1011) Text II Questions To Lie or Not to Lie? 1. In medicine, law, politics, journalism, etc., is deception practiced for ―greater needs.‖ 2. ―As far as possible do no harm.‖ 3. The patients may feel betrayed, and their autonomy is intruded. And they cannot make informed decisions about their health and life。 and it can also prolong recovery and affect treatment. 4. ― Benevolent deception‖ may cause the erosion of integrity of the medical profession and affect those that do not tell lies to their patients. It may even induce lawsuits and the endless process. of litigation. Translation of difficult sentences ()In medicine as in law, government, and other lines of work, the requirements of honesty often seem dwarfed by greater needs: the need to shelter from brutal news or to uphold a promise of secrecy。 to expose corruption or to promote the public interest. 醫(yī)療行業(yè)與法律、政府、及其它行業(yè)一樣，對(duì)誠(chéng)實(shí)的要求同其它更大的需要相比往往顯得微不足道，譬如，需要避免可怕的消息造成的打擊，或是考慮恪守機(jī)密的諾言，或是揭露腐敗行為，或是為了促進(jìn)公眾利益。 (Para. 2) If he asks, should the doctors deny that he is ill, or minimize the gravity of the illness? 要是他問(wèn)起檢查結(jié)果，醫(yī)生該否認(rèn)他得了病或?qū)⒉∏榈膰?yán)重性縮小到最低限度么？ (Para. 3)Doctors confront such choices often and urgently. 醫(yī)生常常并十分緊迫地面臨這樣的選擇。 (Para. 3)... in their eyes, such lies differ sharply from selfserving ones. … 在他們看來(lái)，這種謊言與謀取私利的謊言截然不同。 (Para. 4) As one physician wrote: Ours is a profession which has traditionally been guided by a precept that transcends the virtue of uttering the truth for truth‘s sake and that is 39。as far as possible do no harm.‘‖ 正如一位內(nèi)科醫(yī)生曾寫道： “ 我們的職業(yè)傳統(tǒng)上恪守一個(gè)信條，那就是： ‘ 盡可能不造成傷害 ’ ，該信條超越了為講真話而講真話的善德。 ” (5) Armed with such a precept, a number of doctors may slip into deceptive practices that they assume will do no harm and may well help their patients. 有了這樣的知道原則，一些醫(yī)生可能漸漸采用他們認(rèn)為對(duì)病人會(huì)有好處而又 “ 無(wú)害 ” 的騙人的做法。 (5) They may prescribe innumerable placebos, sound more encouraging than the facts warrant。 and distort grave news, especially to the incurably ill and the dying. 他們可能開出無(wú)數(shù)貼安慰劑，說(shuō)一些沒(méi)有事實(shí)根據(jù)的鼓氣的話，并歪曲嚴(yán)重的病情，尤其對(duì)那些患有不治之癥和瀕臨死亡的病人他們更如此。 (6) But the illusory nature of the benefits such deception is meant to produce is now ing to be documented. 但現(xiàn)在已有人提出證據(jù)，說(shuō)明這種欺騙旨在給病人帶來(lái)好處的說(shuō)法純屬虛妄。 (7) Not only do lies not provide the help hoped for by advocates of benevolent deception。 they invade the autonomy of patients and render them unable to make informed choices concerning their own health, including the choice of whether to be a patient in the first place. 謊言不僅不能提供主張善意欺騙的人們希望見到的那種 “ 幫助 ” ，而且它還侵犯了病人的自主權(quán)，致使他們無(wú)法根據(jù)自己的健康狀況作出選擇，包括首先是否愿意接受治療。 (9) Lies also do harm to those who tell them: harm to their integrity and, in the long run, to their credibility. 謊言也傷害說(shuō)謊的人，使他們品格受損，并最終上去病人對(duì)他們的信任。 (9) The suspicion of deceit undercuts the work of the many doctors who are scrupulously honest with their patients。 it contributes to the spiral of lawsuits and of defensive medicine, and thus it injures, in turn, the entire medical profession. 病人對(duì)醫(yī)生欺騙行為的懷疑，使許多對(duì)病人開誠(chéng)布公的醫(yī)生的工作受到影響，醫(yī)療訴訟案不僅因其增多，而且醫(yī)生為避免風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，同樣增多了 “ 防御性診治 ” 這一切進(jìn)而損害了整個(gè)醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生事業(yè)。 (10) Patients are learning to press for answers. 病人可是學(xué)會(huì)催問(wèn)真實(shí)病情。 (10) Many doctors go to great lengths to provide such information. 許多醫(yī)生盡量向病人提供這些情況。 (10) Yet even in hospital with the most eloquent bill of rights, believers in benevolent deception continue their ageold practices. 然而，即使在那些對(duì)病人的權(quán)益考慮最周到的醫(yī)院里，信奉善意欺騙的醫(yī)生們?nèi)岳^續(xù)著他們古老的做法。 (10) Nurses may bitterly resent having to take part, day after day, in deceiving patients, but feel powerless to take a stand. 護(hù)士們也許對(duì)不得不日復(fù)一日參與欺騙病人的做法深惡痛絕，但是她們對(duì)此感到無(wú)能為力。 (11) Yet the public has every reason to be wary of professional deception, for such practices are peculiarly likely to bee deeply rooted, to spread, and to erode trust. 但是公眾完全有理由提防職業(yè)性欺騙行為，因?yàn)檫@類做法極易根深蒂固，蔓延滋長(zhǎng)，并損害信譽(yù)。 (11) Neither in medicine, nor in law, government, or the social sciences can there be fort in the old saying, What you don39。t know can39。t hurt you. 無(wú)論醫(yī)療界、法律界、政府機(jī)構(gòu)還是社科界，都不能從 “ 不知者，不為所害 ” 這句老話中得到安慰。 Dictation –TEM4 2020 Disappearing Forest 1. The world‘s forests are disappearing. / 2. As much as a third of the total tree cover has been lost /since agriculture began some ten thousand years ago. / 3. The remaining forests are home to half of the world‘s species, /thus being the chief resorts for their survival. / 4. Tropical rain forests once covered twelve percent of the land of the pla. / 5. As well as supporting at least half of the world‘s species of plants and animals, /these rain forests are home to millions of people./ 6. But there are other demands on them. / 7. For example, much has been cut for timber. / 8. An increasing amount of forestland has been used for industrial purposes, /or for agricultural development such as crop growing. / 9. By the 1990s less than half of the earth‘s original rain forests remained, /and they continued to disappear at an alarming rate every year. / a result, the world‘s forests are now facing gradual extinction. / Writing assignment 7 In the western world, if a family member has got a cancer, his/her family members must tell him/her about it frankly. If not, it would be regarded as being illegal. But in the Chinese culture, a mon practice is not to tell the patient the truth. Some people think that this traditional practice must be changed along with the development of modernization. Write an essay of approximately 300 words on this issue to state your own opinion. Deadline: Dec. 9 (Thursday)