【導(dǎo)讀】專業(yè)班級：數(shù)控081班。二〇一二年二月十五日

　　

【正文】 cal system transformation, to operates, the programmers inevitably brings the new request. Therefore ahead of time carries on new system knowledge training to the operator and the programmers to be extremely important, after otherwise will affect the transformation the engine bed rapid investment production. The training content should include the new operation kneading board disposition, the function, the instruction meaning generally。 New system functional scope, application method and with old system difference。 Maintenance maintenance request。 Programming standard and automated programming and so on. The key point is makes, gets a good grasp of the operating manual and the programming instruction booklet. the numerical control transforms se Transforms the scope according to each equipment differently, must beforehand design the connection partial transformations, if transforms pletely, should design the electromechanical transformation connection, the operation kneading board control and the disposition, the interconnection partial contacts, the parameter measuring point, services the position and so on, the request operates and services conveniently, reasonable, the line moves towards, center the small junction smoothly few, the strong and the weak electrical noise is smallest, has the suitable allowance and so on. Partial transformation, but also needs to consider the new old system the performance match, the voltage polarity and the size transformation, install the position, the digitalanalog conversion and so on, when the necessity must manufacture the transformation connection voluntarily. veral examples 1st, transforms the X53 milling machine with SIEMENS 810M In 1998, the pany invested 200,000 Yuan, with German Simens the 810M numerical control system, the 611A exchange servo drive system sds was the X53 milling machine carries on X, Y, the Z three axle numerical control transformation to a pany39。s model。 Retained the original main axle system and the cooling system。 The transformation three axle has used the roller lead screw and the gear drive organization on the machinery. The entire transformation work including the machine design, the electrical design, the PLC procedure establishment and the debugging, the engine bed overhaul, finally is the entire machine installment and the debugging. After the milling machine transforms, processing effective stroke X/Y/The Z axis respectively is billion mm。 Maximum speed X/Y/The Z axis respectively is 5000/1500/800 mm/Min。 Manual speed X/Y/The Z axis respectively is 3000/1000/500 mm/Min。 The engine bed processing precision achieves 177。. The engine bed three coordinates linkage may plete each kind of plex curve or the curved surface processing. 2nd, transforms the C6140 lathe with GSK980T and the exchange servo drive system sds In 2020, with Guangzhou numerical control plant production GSK980T numerical control system, the DA98 exchange servo unit and 4 locations automatic tool rests to an electrical machinery branch factory C6140 lathe X, the Z two axes carries on the numerical control transformation。 Retained the original main axle system and the cooling system。 The transformation two axes have used the roller lead screw and with the ambulacrum transmission system on the machinery. Entire transformation work including machine design, electrical design, engine bed overhaul and entire machine installment and debugging. After the lathe transforms, processing effective stroke X/The Z axis respectively is 。 Maximum speed X/The Z axis respectively is 。 The manual speed is 400mm/Min。 Manual is fast is X/The Z axis respectively is 。 The engine bed smallest migration unit is . 3rd, transforms the X53 milling machine with SIEMENS 802S In 2020, the pany invests 120,000 Yuan, with German Simens the 802S numerical control system, stepbysteps the actuation system is the X53 milling machine carries on X, Y, the Z three axle numerical control transformation to pany39。s another model。 Retained the original main axle system and the cooling system。 The transformation three axle has used the roller lead screw and the gear drive organization on the machinery. The entire transformation work including the machine design, the electrical design, the engine bed overhaul, finally is the entire machine installment and the debugging. After the milling machine transforms, processing effective stroke X/Y/The Z axis respectively is 。 Maximum speed X/Y/The Z axis respectively is 3000/1000/600 mm/Min。 Manual enters for speed X/Y/The Z axis respectively is 。 The smallest motion unit is . 數(shù)控機床改造 1 數(shù)控系統(tǒng)發(fā)展簡史及趨勢 1946 年誕生了世界上第一臺電子計算機，這表明人類創(chuàng)造了可增強和部分代替腦力勞動的工具。它與人類在農(nóng)業(yè)、工業(yè)社會中創(chuàng)造的那些只是增強體力勞動的工具相比，起了質(zhì)的飛躍，為人類進入信息社會奠定了基礎(chǔ)。 6 年后，即在 1952 年，計算機技術(shù)應(yīng)用到了機床上，在美國誕生了第一臺數(shù)控機床。從此，傳統(tǒng)機床產(chǎn)生了質(zhì)的變化。近半個世紀以來，數(shù)控系統(tǒng)經(jīng)歷了兩個階段和六代的發(fā)展。 數(shù)控（ NC）階段（ 1952～ 1970 年） 早期計算機的運算速度低，對當時的科 學(xué)計算和數(shù)據(jù)處理影響還不大，但不能適應(yīng)機床實時控制的要求。人們不得不采用數(shù)字邏輯電路 搭 成一臺機床專用計算機作為數(shù)控系統(tǒng)，被稱為硬件連接數(shù)控（ HARDWIRED NC），簡稱為數(shù)控（ NC）。隨著元器件的發(fā)展，這個階段歷經(jīng)了三代，即 1952 年的第一代 電子管； 1959 年的第二代 晶體管； 1965 年的第三代 小規(guī)模集成電路。 計算機數(shù)控（ CNC）階段（ 1970 年～現(xiàn)在） 到 1970 年，通用小型計算機業(yè)已出現(xiàn)并成批生產(chǎn)。于是將它移植過來作為數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的核心部件，從此進入了計算機數(shù)控（ CNC）階段（把計算機前面應(yīng)有的 通用 兩個字省略了）。到1971 年，美國 INTEL 公司在世界上第一次將計算機的兩個最核心的部件 運算器和控制器，采用大規(guī)模集成電路技術(shù)集成在一塊芯片上，稱之為微處理器（ MICROPROCESSOR），又可稱為中央處理單元（簡稱 CPU）。 到 1974 年微處理器被應(yīng)用于數(shù)控系統(tǒng)。這是因為小型計算機功能太強，控制一臺機床能力有富裕（故當時曾用于控制多臺機床，稱之為群控），不如采用微處理器經(jīng)濟合理。而且當時的小型機可靠性也不理想。早期的微處理器速度和功能雖還不夠高，但可以通過多 處理器結(jié)構(gòu)來解決。由于微處理器是通用計算機的核心部件，故仍稱為計算機數(shù)控。 到了 1990 年， PC 機的性能已發(fā)展到很高的階段，可以滿足作為數(shù)控系統(tǒng)核心部件的要求。數(shù)控系統(tǒng)從此進入了基于 PC 的階段。 總之，計算機數(shù)控階段也經(jīng)歷了三代。即 1970 年的第四代 小型計算機； 1974 年的第五代 微處理器和 1990 年的第六代 基于 PC（ 也就是 為 PCBASED）。 數(shù)控未來發(fā)展的趨勢 繼續(xù)向開放式、基于 PC 的第六代方向發(fā)展 基于 PC 所具有的開放性、低成本、高可靠性、軟硬件 資源豐富等特點，更多的數(shù)控系統(tǒng)生產(chǎn)廠家會走上這條道路。至少采用 PC 機作為它的前端機，來處理人機界面、編程、聯(lián)網(wǎng)通信等問題，由原有的系統(tǒng)承擔數(shù)控的任務(wù)。 PC 機所具有的友好的人機界面，將普及到所有的 數(shù)控系統(tǒng)。遠程通訊，遠程診斷