【導(dǎo)讀】指導(dǎo)教師職稱副教授。曲阜師范大學(xué)杏壇學(xué)院教務(wù)處制。習(xí)語在任何語言中都是精華，它是在不同的歷史，地理環(huán)境和文化背景下形。成的；承載著一定的民族文化特色和文化信息，英漢兩種語言歷史悠久，包含著。英漢動物習(xí)語體現(xiàn)了中西文化的相同和差異。本論文從一些基本的動物習(xí)語著手，通過比較其在中西文化中所具有的不同。文化內(nèi)涵，向讀者展示中外習(xí)語的文化差異，提高跨文化交際能力。

　　

【正文】 ople have different religion beliefs. In most western countries, The Bible is almost a necessary reading book for everyone. It is not only the classic Christianity but also the important part of English culture. Many idioms derived from The Bible. “as poor as a church mouse”, which is similar to Chinese idiom“一貧如洗 ”, because there is no food for the mouse to eat in the church, and church mice always hungry. What’s more, “the dove of peace” originated from the story of Noah’s Ark. God wanted to destroy human beings, Noah let a dove fly out to see whether the flood had subsided. The dove came back with a olive branch, indicating the peace is ing. From then, dove and olive branch symbolize peace. Other examples derived from The Bible: a. the scapegoat (替罪羊 ) b. worship the golden calf (崇拜金錢 ) c. separate the sheep from the goats (分清良莠 ) d. a lion on the way (confront big difficult) e. the daughter of horseleech (greedy) f. cast pearls before swine (do not bite the hand that feeds you) １３ Unlike to many western countries, China is a country with many religions. Buddhism is the most widely spread one. Some idioms and spirits e from it. Moreover, Chinese people not respect religions very much. In their eyes, it just the tool for officials to control people. As we all know, Chinese people are proud of being “the descendants of dragon”. Their meanings contain a mendatory sense. But because of the influence of The Bible, the dragon in westerners’ eyes is a kind of evil monster. Just because the effects of religions, Chinese people and English people have different views on dragon. Different historical elements Each nation has its own history, which affects their culture a lot. In the two languages, many idioms are e from ancient story, history events, fables etc. These idioms have profound meanings. Fables and mythologies are the important sources of idioms. They express the attitudes, solutions, needs and expects to some extent. The English idioms are mostly from Roman and Greek mythologies and Aesop’s Fables. “cook one’s goose”(挫敗某人的計劃，戰(zhàn)勝某人 instead of 烹某人的鵝 ). This idiom es from an ancient story. In Middle Age, a city was suddenly surrounded by enemies. A resident of the city hanged a goose on a tower to express his scorn for the enemies. The enemies could not stand the shame and every soldier bee mad, and soon they conquered the city. Later, people use it to express “frustrate somebody’s will or destroy or defeat someone”. Other examples: a. cry wolf (烽火戲諸侯 ) b. cherish a snake in one’s bosom (養(yǎng)虎遺患 ) d. 守株待兔 (means to stand by a tree stump waiting for a rabbit)。 f. 葉公好龍 (professed love of what one actually fears false respect)。 g. 黔驢技窮 (the donkey of Guizhou)。 h. 狐假虎威 (an ass in the skin of the lion). １４ Moreover, in ancient China, a campaign happened called the Battle of feishui River. When enemies heard the sound of wind and the cries of crunches, they scared to run away because they thought they are surrounded. Form then, the idiom“風(fēng)聲鶴唳 ”came out into being. Different customs Custom is a social phenomenon, which involves many aspects of life and bee year after year. It concludes many aspects of society. Idioms as special part of language are greatly influenced and restricted by customs. Some animals have close ties with human beings, so the animal idioms are also influenced greatly by customs. Take “dog” as an example, in China, dog stands for derogatory sense, such as: a. 狐朋狗友 (evil associates) b. 狗急跳墻 (despair gives courage to a coward) c. 狼心狗肺 (be brutal and coldblooded ) In west, although some idioms about dog are bad, such as: “ a sly dog”, “die like a dog”, “l(fā)ead a dog’s life”. But, in general, they always see dog as human being’s friend. The majority of idioms about dog are good, for example: d. you are a lucky dog. (你是一個幸運的人 ) e. a good dog deserve a good stone. (有功者受賞 ) f. an old dog barks not in vain. (老年人做事有經(jīng)驗 ) g. every dog has his day. (凡人皆有德意日 ) From above examples, we know that customs plays important role in animal idioms. 5. Conclusion This paper analyses the culture differences between Chinese and English, and pare the symbol and culture connotations of different animals. Though it, we １５ know the animal idioms are influenced by geographical environment, religion, history and so on. Different nations have their unique culture and features in their own language. The purpose of the study is to make readers understand such idioms more clearly, then know the culture differences deeply.. We are encouraged to go further: in this information era, as the culture exchange develop, to understand the culture phenomenon of western better and our own culture through contrast. Only in this way, can we get rid of the barrier of munication, and cooperate more easily. Our word culture will be more prosperous. １６ Works Cited Chirtra, Fernando. Idioms and Idiomaticity. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020. Chang Chenguang. English Idioms and Interpersonal Meanings. Guangzhou: Sun Yatsen University Press, 2020. Jenifer, Sedil. English Idioms. New York: Oxford University Press, 1978. Yu Fuminamp。Guo Shanlian. A Comparative Study of English and Chinese Idiom. Shanghai: Shanghai Jiao Tong University press,1996. W. McMordie. 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