胎兒權(quán)利的法律保護(hù)外文翻譯-資料下載頁(yè)
2025-05-11 18:47本頁(yè)面
【導(dǎo)讀】劃定孕婦的性質(zhì)和權(quán)力范圍不完全是美國(guó)中央的問(wèn)題。通過(guò)其本國(guó)法律和司。法審判，每一個(gè)州對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題采取的立場(chǎng)并非總是一致的。然而在美國(guó)，結(jié)合最。近的一些事態(tài)發(fā)展，孕婦的政治地位被以特有的方式而關(guān)注。論如何在懷孕期間控制日益嚴(yán)重的藥物濫用。全國(guó)衛(wèi)生統(tǒng)計(jì)中心記錄了從1986. 年到1988年增加了百分之五十的嬰兒出生時(shí)產(chǎn)婦藥物使用的跡象。個(gè)文件表明百分之十一新生兒有藥品濫用的跡象。兒發(fā)育的環(huán)境，不可避免地，在美國(guó)每年那些墮胎沖突持續(xù)不斷。提出上述各領(lǐng)域的爭(zhēng)議問(wèn)題：關(guān)于父母和社區(qū)對(duì)尚未出生兒童的責(zé)任程度?；虿磺樵傅匕l(fā)現(xiàn)自己懷孕對(duì)這個(gè)健康的結(jié)果并不是唯一一個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)任的。但是與胎兒權(quán)利爭(zhēng)論的核心相抵觸是有關(guān)某一。行使其權(quán)利去流產(chǎn)）妊娠到足月時(shí)，提供照顧的職責(zé)和適當(dāng)?shù)恼苤?。幸運(yùn)的是，大多數(shù)婦女在美國(guó)都有決定孕育嬰兒這樣的選擇。懷孕的責(zé)任是將導(dǎo)致生產(chǎn)嬰兒和照顧兒童這是相當(dāng)合。生被期待母親的行為。多大程度上可以合法地限制她的行為。
【正文】 woman and a developing child in uterus． Any one of these accounts represents a significant improvement on what passes for moral reflection in most of the fetal rights literature． In my own thinking about the issue， I have found it most helpful to emphasize the following features of this special relationship． Just as a birth or an adoption， a marriage or an engagement creates a new relationship that brings with it new responsibilities， so does a pregnancy． The implanting of the fertilized egg in the womb creates for the woman involved a unique and plex relationship with another human being one who possesses， from the 7 moment of conception， a separate (geic) identity yet who will for many months， and unlike a child or spouse， have no separate existence． The problem with which they must grapple is one which a man or an infertile woman will never confront： the problem of defining the duty of care owed not to another unrelated human being， nor to one＇ s spouse， parent or offspring， but rather to another being coexistent， for a limited period of time， with oneself． To accept that pregnancy does make a moral difference does not in itself tell us anything about the sort of limits the state may therefore place on an expectant mother＇ s behavior． A woman who anticipates carrying her pregnancy to term (willingly or unwillingly) assumes new moral duties， as does the prospective father，but neither her government nor her obstetrician necessarily possess any corresponding authority to assure that such moral duties are fulfilled． The question remains open of what sort of sacrifices the munity can appropriately demand of a pregnant woman， how far it can legitimately constrain her behavior． 8 指 導(dǎo) 老 師 評(píng) 語(yǔ) 簽名： 年 月 日
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