采購(gòu)管理實(shí)務(wù)(ppt2文檔-采購(gòu)管理-資料下載頁(yè)
2025-08-08 12:24本頁(yè)面
【導(dǎo)讀】供應(yīng)商的報(bào)價(jià)中必須要有足夠的利潤(rùn)，方能促。供應(yīng)商對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)承擔(dān)，及生產(chǎn)效率。利潤(rùn)通常以總成本固定百分比的計(jì)算方式並不。生產(chǎn)效率好的供應(yīng)商應(yīng)享有較高的利潤(rùn)率。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化﹑無(wú)差異化產(chǎn)品。對(duì)客戶而言是重要的原料﹑零組件。沒(méi)有浪費(fèi)；優(yōu)質(zhì)選擇。過(guò)程效率高；良好的溝通互動(dòng)。過(guò)程促進(jìn)關(guān)係的改善。對(duì)買方訂單金額及採(cǎi)購(gòu)數(shù)量是。供應(yīng)商處理訂單的時(shí)間Length. 符合品質(zhì)要求的能力Quality. 採(cǎi)購(gòu)項(xiàng)目是否為其核心能力。自製與外包的狀況Contractor's. 循環(huán)/前置時(shí)間Cycle/leadtime. 彈性，配合度如何(對(duì)暴增訂單。觀察供應(yīng)商是否有倒閉危機(jī)的「Z積分(Z. 平均應(yīng)收帳款收現(xiàn)天數(shù)?？傎Y產(chǎn)週轉(zhuǎn)率＝銷貨淨(jìng)
【正文】 CAPM_2020 eProcurement 採(cǎi)購(gòu) 100%自動(dòng)化 NonProduction Requests Approval Workflow Receive ASN AP MRP/DRP Generated Requirements Create Requisitions AutoRelease Procurement Workflow Approved Supplier Lists Standard POs Supplier Schedules Payment Approved Suppliers EDI / Fax Web Search Catalog (Local or TPN Register) Content Loads/Updates Pay on Receipt 新采購(gòu)管理實(shí)務(wù) CAPM_2020 Employing Electronic Commerce to Maximize Benefits: Phases of Electronic Commerce Value ? Extend Market Reach ? Extend Product or Service Offerings ? Create New InformationBased Products New Distribution Channel, Product or Service Business Model Change ? Pipeline Velocity (Productivity) ? Value Engineering Analysis ? Quality ? Cash Flow ? Reduction of Inventory ? Reduction of Manufacturing and Delivery Cycle Time ? Reduction of Labor ? Lower Open A/R Days Operational Efficiency ? Number of Trading Partners ? Number of Transactions ? Reduction of Paper Overhead ? Accuracy Paper Replacement Value of EC 2 Years 5 Years ew Distribution Channel, Product Or Service ? Extend Market Reach ? Extend Product or S rvice Offerings ? Create New InformationBased Products 新采購(gòu)管理實(shí)務(wù) CAPM_2020 九、結(jié)語(yǔ)與討論 新采購(gòu)管理實(shí)務(wù) CAPM_2020 新競(jìng)爭(zhēng)趨勢(shì)下採(cǎi)購(gòu)面臨的挑戰(zhàn) SCM及 ERP必要的材料品質(zhì)及 Lead Time sourcing趨勢(shì) → Vendor relationship Cycle Time短縮 → Early Supplier Involvement 5. 『 Changing』 管理 → 從執(zhí)行面轉(zhuǎn)到管理面 → Quick Response Cost Down壓力 新采購(gòu)管理實(shí)務(wù) CAPM_2020 、外人脈 → 建立個(gè)人與企業(yè)之採(cǎi)購(gòu)網(wǎng)路 → 展開(kāi)跨機(jī)能活動(dòng)小組 → 成為企業(yè)顧問(wèn)師 (Cost、 Quality、 Delivery) ，終身學(xué)習(xí) e 時(shí)代的採(cǎi)購(gòu)重點(diǎn)方向 新采購(gòu)管理實(shí)務(wù) CAPM_2020 P Paperless thinking e世代的思維 R Reliable performance 追求有效成果 O Openminded 虛心、坦懷 C Changing management 「變」的管理 U Usefulness 有效性的管理 R Response quickly 快速反應(yīng)能力 E eTool 善用資訊科技 M Money machine 創(chuàng)造資源利潤(rùn) E Endless resources 資源的無(wú)限化 N Network building 建立網(wǎng)路人脈 T Threat avoidance 排除生存風(fēng)險(xiǎn) 採(cǎi)購(gòu) /供應(yīng)管理應(yīng)對(duì)之道 新采購(gòu)管理實(shí)務(wù) CAPM_2020 十、附錄 新采購(gòu)管理實(shí)務(wù) CAPM_2020 中央與地方分工模式 Decentralized Sourcing Centralized Sourcing Centralized Sourcing Decentralized Fulfillment Centralized Fulfillment Decentralized Fulfillment 新采購(gòu)管理實(shí)務(wù) CAPM_2020 PRODUCT PORTFOLIO LEVERAGE PRODUCTS STRATEGIC PRODUCTS ROUTINE PRODUCTS BOTTLENECK PRODUCTS Alternative sources of supply available Substitution possible Critical for product’s cost price Dependence on supplier Large product variety High logistics plexity Labor intensive Monopolistic market Large entry barriers Competitive bidding Performance based partnership Systems contracting+ eCommerce solutions Secure supply + search For alternatives High High Low Low SUPPLY RISK IMPACT ON FINANCIAL RESULTS 新采購(gòu)管理實(shí)務(wù) CAPM_2020 SUPPLIER PORTFOLIO LEVERAGE SUPPLIERS STRATEGIC SUPPLIERS ROUTINE SUPPLIERS BOTTLENECK SUPPLIERS Many petitors Commodity products Market leaders Specific knowhow Large supply Many suppliers with dependent position Technology leaders Few, if any, alternative suppliers Buyer dominated segment Balance of power may differ among buyersupplier Reduce number of suppliers Supplier dominated segment High High Low Low SUPPLY RISK SUPPLIER IMPACT ON FINANCIAL RESULTS 新采購(gòu)管理實(shí)務(wù) CAPM_2020 商務(wù)價(jià)值鏈與相關(guān)術(shù)語(yǔ)的定義 價(jià)值鏈管理 （ Value chain management） 需求鏈管理 供應(yīng)鏈管理 商業(yè)勤務(wù) （ Business logistics） 勤務(wù)管理 （ Logistics management） 物料管理 實(shí)物輸配 顧客 行銷 製造與 勤 務(wù) 採(cǎi)購(gòu) 第一階 供應(yīng)商 第二階 供應(yīng)商 新采購(gòu)管理實(shí)務(wù) CAPM_2020 製造規(guī)劃與管制系統(tǒng) Source: ven Wheele 2020 Production Planning Master Production Scheduling Material Rqmts Planning Timedphased Rqmts Records Material and Capacity Plans Purchasing Vendor FollowUp Systems ShopFloor Control Resource Planning RoughCut Capacity Planning Routing file Bills Of Material Inventory Status Order Release Detailed Capacity Planning Demand Management 新采購(gòu)管理實(shí)務(wù) CAPM_2020 供應(yīng)市場(chǎng)與廠商之特性分析 KeyMtl Def 材料供不應(yīng)求，造成 Allocation 對(duì)不同地區(qū)之 Support Policy不同 Supplier行銷 Channel複雜，商社與工廠溝通不良 Lead Time變化大 Supplier產(chǎn)能利用率高，擴(kuò)充彈性 Supplier因其上游原料被控制，致 Commitment無(wú)效 Supplier材料 Version變動(dòng)頻繁 日商重視長(zhǎng)期關(guān)係 部分美商重視短期利益，會(huì)因漲價(jià)造成供應(yīng)中斷 Supplier對(duì) Order之 Confirmation週期縮短（如 DRAM，逐月 Confirm） 市場(chǎng)由少數(shù)供應(yīng)商把持 供應(yīng)來(lái)源為海外， Lead Time控制較不易 因升值， Local Supplier之價(jià)格偏高
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