【正文】 his peace and quietness were broken by World War Ⅰ.Einstein hated fighting and killing. The great suffering of war affected him deeply, and he sat unhappily in his office doing little. He lost interest in his research. Only when peace came in 1918 was he able to get back to work.In the year following World WarⅠ， honours were increasingly put on him. He became head of the Kaiser Whihem Institute of Theoretical Physics. But he himself refused the effort to put him in a position far above other people. He was well known for his humble manner. He often said that his success would certainly have been achieved by others if he had never lived. In 1921 he won the Nobel Prize, and he was honoured in Germany until the rise of Nazism when he was driven from Germany because he was a Jew.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章簡(jiǎn)要介紹了著名科學(xué)家愛(ài)因斯坦的事跡，及其對(duì)科學(xué)和歷史產(chǎn)生的巨大影響及重大貢獻(xiàn)。1．It seems to the American university president that .A．Einstein achieved more than any other scientist in historyB．everybody understands Einstein39。s scientific ideas C．the new view of the universe can be quickly learned by everyoneD．our ideas about the universe are different today because of Einstein答案：D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，愛(ài)因斯坦的理論使人們對(duì)宇宙的看法發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)變。2．Einstein did his greatest work .A．when Nazism roseB．when he was youngC．during World War ⅠD．a(chǎn)fter he left Europe答案：B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段和最后一段可知愛(ài)因斯坦在一戰(zhàn)和納粹時(shí)期，幾乎沒(méi)有正常工作，排除A項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)；本文也沒(méi)有講述他離開(kāi)歐洲以后的科研情況，排除D項(xiàng)；由第二段第一句和最后一段可知，B項(xiàng)所述正確。3．From the passage we can know that .A．Germans usually have great respect for scienceB．Einstein had other interests besides scienceC．Einstein was forced to work again in 1918D．Einstein led a quiet life during World War Ⅰ答案：A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第一、二句及最后一段中的“he was honoured in Germany”可知，德國(guó)人民尊重愛(ài)因斯坦，尊重科學(xué)。故選A項(xiàng)。1．outlook n. 見(jiàn)解；世界觀2．increasingly adv. 越來(lái)越多地；不斷增加地put sb. in a position 讓某人處于一個(gè)位置Ⅲ　七選五One of the greatest biologists the world has ever seen was Charles Darwin. Darwin was born to a middle173。class family in Shrewsbury, England, in February, 1809. His father was the leading doctor of the town. 1 He loved to walk through the woods looking at plants and birds. At the proper age, he was enrolled (使入學(xué)) in the Shrewsbury School. There he studied Latin, classical literature, and ancient history. Young Charles thought that these subjects were dull and useless. He would have preferred scientific studies. 2 In 1825, at the age of 16, Darwin was sent to Scotland to study medicine. He studied there for two years and continued to do poorly. He once wrote to his sister that his medical courses were pletely stupid. By then, Darwin39。s father knew his son would never bee a doctor.Darwin39。s father then sent him to Cambridge to bee a clergyman. During his Cambridge years, Darwin loved to collect beetles, but to him it was only a hobby. He didn39。t take it seriously. 3 That was Professor John Henslow, the head of the Botany Department.Somehow, Darwin managed to graduate from Cambridge in 1831. Upon graduation, Professor Henslow arranged for him to go with Captain Fitzroy on a survey around the world. During the voyage, Darwin collected rocks, bones and insects. He took many notes on all that he observed. 4 The widely believed theory in those days was that God created each creature separately and individually. In 1859, Darwin published his famous book, The Origin of Species. 5 The theory was instantly and very strongly attacked. Darwin was accused of destroying religion and insulting the human race. Today, however, Darwin39。s theory is considered to be one of the major discoveries of modern science.A．As a result, he did poorly.B．One person at Cambridge, however, did.C．As a boy, Darwin showed a great interest in living things.D．In it, he explained his theory of evolution by natural selection.E．Shrewsbury was a busy market town surrounded by rich farmlands.F．The thoughts that led to his theory of evolution were beginning to form.G．By the time Darwin died in 1882, he was recognized as one of England39。s greatest scientists.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要向我們描述了世界著名生物學(xué)家——達(dá)爾文的生平。1．C　根據(jù)本段中“l(fā)ooking at plants and birds ...”和“He would have preferred scientific studies.”可知，達(dá)爾文喜歡研究生物，故選C。2．A　根據(jù)前文“Young Charles thought that these subjects were dull and useless.”可知，達(dá)爾文厭倦于學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)校里的文科類課程。由此可知在學(xué)校達(dá)爾文表現(xiàn)很差，故選A。3．B　根據(jù)前兩句“During his Cambridge years, Darwin loved to collect beetles, but to him it was only a hobby. He didn39。t take it seriously.”可知達(dá)爾文喜歡收集甲蟲(chóng)，但對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)，這只是一種愛(ài)好。他沒(méi)有當(dāng)真。然而，在劍橋的一個(gè)人做到了。故選B。4．F　根據(jù)前兩句“During the voyage, Darwin collected rocks, bones and insects. He took many notes on all that he observed.”可知達(dá)爾文的調(diào)查研究使其產(chǎn)生了進(jìn)化論的想法，即導(dǎo)致他進(jìn)化論的思想開(kāi)始形成，故選F。5．D　根據(jù)前一句“In 1859, Darwin published his famous book, The Origin of Species.”提到達(dá)爾文的《物種起源》，可知下文應(yīng)該是講這本書(shū)的內(nèi)容。D項(xiàng)“在書(shū)中，他用自然選擇解釋了他的進(jìn)化論”符合要求。故選D。24