【正文】 palace. Cuju was further developed ________. the Tang Dynasty. There were dozens of wellorganized Cuju leagues in Chang39。an. ________ was then the capital of the Empire. The rules, fields and facilities for Cuju became more advanced, for example, balls filled with air and Cuju goals appeared during this period. ________ was also during this age that similar games were being played in Korea and Japan, and ________ (gradual) worldwide. Cuju was most developed during the Song Dynasty because of the social and economic development. At that time, ________ (profession) Cuju players were quite popular. They fell into two groups: One was trained by and performed for the royal court and the other talented civilians who made a ________ (live) as Cuju players.【答案】 earliest；spread；is/was said；matches；in/during；which；It；gradually；professional；living 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了足球的歷史。蹴鞠大約是在公元前500年在中國發(fā)展起來的，當(dāng)時用的是皮球。它被國際足聯(lián)認(rèn)為是最早的足球形式。漢代，蹴鞠的普及從軍隊傳到宮廷和上層社會。據(jù)說南武帝很喜歡這項運動。蹴鞠比賽常在皇宮內(nèi)舉行。唐代得到進一步發(fā)展，并逐漸在世界范圍內(nèi)流行。宋代的蹴鞠運動最為發(fā)達。 （1）考查形容詞。句意：公元前500年左右，中國發(fā)明了蹴鞠，當(dāng)時用的是皮球。它被國際足聯(lián)認(rèn)為是最早的足球形式。根據(jù)語境可知，此處是指蹴鞠是足球最早的形式，故要用最高級，填earliest。 （2）考查時態(tài)。句意：漢代，蹴鞠的流行從軍隊傳播到宮廷和上層社會。分析句子可知，本空是謂語動詞，其中的主語是蹴鞠，與動詞spread二者是主動關(guān)系，此處的時間狀語是“漢代”，要用一般過去時，故填spread。 （3）考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：據(jù)說南朝武帝很喜歡這項運動。根據(jù)語境可知， “南朝武帝很喜歡這項運動”，既可以是現(xiàn)在大家說的，也可以是過去說的，所以既可用一般現(xiàn)在時，又可以用一般過去時。此處是主語從句，其中的it是形式主語，真正的主語是后面的that從句。主語從句“that Emperor Wu of nan enjoyed the sport.”與動詞said是被動關(guān)系，是被說，因此要用被動語態(tài)。故填is/was said。 （4）考查名詞。句意：蹴鞠比賽常在故宮內(nèi)舉行。根據(jù)本句國的副詞“often”可知 “蹴鞠比賽”不指一次，有許多次，可數(shù)名詞match要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填matches。 （5）考查介詞。句意：蹴鞠運動在唐代得到進一步發(fā)展。根據(jù)語境可指蹴鞠運動在唐代得到進一步發(fā)展。此時可用“in/during”，故填in/during 。 （6）考查定語從句。句意：在當(dāng)時的帝國首都長安，有幾十個組織良好的蹴鞠聯(lián)盟。分析句子可知，本句是定語從句，其中的Chang39。an是先行詞，在定語從句中做主語，非限制性定語從句中做主語，指物，要用which，故填which。 （7）考查強調(diào)句型。句意：在這個時代，韓國和日本也有類似的游戲。分析句子可知，本句是強調(diào)句型“it is/was + 被強調(diào)部分+that +剩余部分”，句強調(diào)了時間狀語during this age，去掉“It is/was...that...”后句子是完整的。故填I(lǐng)t。 （8）考查副詞。句意：也就是在這個時期，類似的游戲在韓國和日本開始流行，并逐漸在世界范圍內(nèi)流行。空格處在句中修飾副詞worldwide，修飾副詞要用副詞，故填gradually。 （9）考查形容詞。句意：當(dāng)時，職業(yè)的蹴鞠運動員頗受歡迎。分析句子可知，本空格在句中作定語，修飾名詞Cuju players，修飾名詞要用形容詞，故填professional。 （10）考查固定搭配。句意：一組是由皇家宮廷訓(xùn)練和表演的，另一組是以蹴鞠為生的有才華的平民運動員。make a living，固定短語，“以......為生”。故填living。 【點評】本題考點涉及形容詞，時態(tài)語態(tài)，名詞，介詞，定語從句，強調(diào)句，副詞以及固定搭配等多個知識點的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識，進行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。12．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 I don39。t photograph wild animals very often, ________ wild horses are an exception. I first learned about Alberta39。s wild horses 20 years ago. Ever since, I had wanted to see and photograph them. A friend of mine, who also loves wild horses, ________ (hear) about my wish in March 2017, and I was fortunate enough to be able to acpany him to see the wild horses in the Williams Creek area of Alberta. It was ________ unique experience. We spent a day there ________ our first visit and have been back to the same area three more times since then. Once we were so lucky to see more than 100 horses there. I managed to capture a great shot of a pony ________ (run) and jumping for the sheer joy of it, ________ I felt so proud of. The pony was having such fun all by ________ (he) while the rest of his herd grazed peacefully. Having been out with the horses several times now, I hope to visit them again—as often as possible! They39。re magnificent and ________ (true) nurture my soul. I39。m so thankful for the privilege of having the opportunity to spend time with them. These horses are born wild and free, and deserve always ________ (remain) so. ________(photograph) like me quite value the chance to get close to the wild horses.【答案】 but；heard；a；on；running；which；himself；truly；to remain；Photographers 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者拍攝野馬的獨特經(jīng)歷。 （1）考查連詞。句意：我不經(jīng)常拍攝野生動物，但野馬是個例外。根據(jù)句意可知前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故填but。 （2）考查時態(tài)。句意：我的一個朋友也喜歡野馬，他在2017年3月聽說了我的愿望。根據(jù)時間狀語“in March 2017”可知事情發(fā)生在過去，應(yīng)該用一般過去時，故填heard。 （3）考查冠詞。句意：這是一次獨特的經(jīng)歷。experience當(dāng)“經(jīng)歷”講時是可數(shù)名詞，此處用不定冠詞表泛指，unique的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，故填a。 （4）考查介詞。句意：我們第一次去的時候在那里待了一天，之后又去了三次。spend time on sth固定短語，“在某物/事上花時間”，故填on。 （5）考查非謂語動詞。句意：我成功地捕捉到了一匹小馬奔跑和跳躍撒歡的精彩鏡頭，我為此感到驕傲。pony與run之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，表示主動，此處與后面的jumping并列用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語，故填running。 （6）考查定語從句。句意：我成功地捕捉到了一匹小馬奔跑和跳躍撒歡的精彩鏡頭，我為此感到驕傲。此處為非限定性定語從句，關(guān)系詞指代整個主句內(nèi)容并在從句中作主語，故填which。 （7）考查代詞。句意：小馬自己玩得很開心，而其他的馬則安靜地吃草。all by oneself固定短語，“自己、單獨”，故填himself。 （8）考查副詞。句意：它們是偉大的，真正滋養(yǎng)了我的靈魂。修飾動詞nurture用副詞，故填truly。 （9）考查非謂語動詞。句意：這些馬生來就野性十足，自由自在，它們理應(yīng)永遠(yuǎn)如此。deserve to do固定短語，“理應(yīng)做、做……理所應(yīng)當(dāng)”，主語和動詞是主動關(guān)系，故填to remain。 （10）考查名詞。句意：像我這樣的攝影師非常珍惜接近野馬的機會。根據(jù)空后的“l(fā)ike me”可知此處用表示身份的名詞作主語，photographer表示“攝影師”，是可數(shù)名詞，此處用復(fù)數(shù)表泛指，故填Photographers。 【點評】本題考點涉及連詞，時態(tài)，介詞，非謂語動詞，定語從句，代詞，副詞以及名詞等多個知識點的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識，進行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。13．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 The gorillas（大猩猩）in the valleys in the south often lived together in groups of several tens. They were fond of drinking wine, and even fonder of imitating man39。s ________ (behave). People knew very well their ________ (habit) and often put wine on the roadside together with many straw sandals ________ were connected together with ropes. The gorillas knew this was ________trick to lure(引誘)them into traps and cursed: Humph! Do you think we don39。t know your tricks? We39。ll never be taken in! So they called one another, ________ (turn) round and left. But they had smelled the aroma(香味)of the wine already, and couldn39。t bear to part with it. Even after they left, they would turn their heads to look back. ________ they saw no one there, they would turn back。 and after they turned back, they were afraid of ________ (cheat), and left again. After much hesitation, they ________ (final) said to themselves: Just for a taste of the wine. It won39。t matter as long as we don39。t get drunk. Shortly afterwards, they agreed ________ (e) back to drink the wine. When they got drunk, they forgot everything. Every gorilla put on the straw sandals and imitated the way man walks. As a result, they fell down one after another and all of them ________ (catch) alive by people.【答案】 behavio(u)r；habits；w