【正文】
詞以元音音素開(kāi)頭,所以使用an,故填an。 (5)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。be made of固定短語(yǔ),“由……制成”。世界上最古老的水管也是由竹子制成的,故填made。 (6)考查副詞。在英語(yǔ)中副詞通常作狀語(yǔ)修飾形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)句子。本句中副詞successfully修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,在句中作狀語(yǔ),故填successfully。 (7)考查連詞。not...until...固定短語(yǔ),“直到……才……”,該連詞短語(yǔ)在句中引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。竹子直到19世紀(jì)才傳到歐洲。故填until。 (8)考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是:It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分+that/who+其他成分;本句中強(qiáng)調(diào)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)的是方式狀語(yǔ)by using the technology,故填that。 (9)考查數(shù)詞。句意:在中國(guó)文化中,竹子作為四君子之一而出名。one of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)表示“……之一”。故填one。 (10)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:竹子文化有助于鼓勵(lì)人們?cè)诿鎸?duì)困難處境時(shí)堅(jiān)持下去。本句連詞when的后面省略了people are,故用現(xiàn)在分詞,填facing。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及形容詞,名詞,時(shí)態(tài),冠詞,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,副詞,連詞,強(qiáng)調(diào)句型以及數(shù)詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇科普類(lèi)閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí),進(jìn)行分析推理,從而寫(xiě)出正確的單詞形式。11.語(yǔ)法填空 Your teeth may be part of your smile, ________they have a more important job173。they are the first step in the process of digestion. You have three ________(kind) of teeth. In the very front of your mouth are eight flat, thin teeth called incisors. They are used for cutting and biting food. Next to these are pointed teeth called canines, ________also help you tear food. The remaining teeth are molars. These teeth have flat tops for crushing and grinding the food.【答案】 but;kinds;which 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了牙齒的三個(gè)種類(lèi)和功能。 (1)考查連詞。句意:你的牙齒可能是你笑容的一部分,但是他們有一個(gè)更重要的工作:它們是消化過(guò)程的第一步 ??崭裉幥昂鬄閮蓚€(gè)完整的句子,所以要填一個(gè)連詞連接這兩個(gè)句子,根據(jù)句意,前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故填but。 (2)考查名詞。句意:你有三種牙齒。kind在這里表種類(lèi),是可數(shù)名詞,由three修飾,所以要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填 kinds。 (3)考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意:這些牙齒旁邊是犬齒,這些犬齒也可以幫助你撕裂食物。分析句子可知,空格處所在的句子為定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞為canines, 指物。關(guān)系詞在從句中做主語(yǔ)。所以要用which引導(dǎo)這個(gè)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句 ,故填which。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及連詞,名詞,定語(yǔ)從句等知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇科普類(lèi)閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí),進(jìn)行分析推理,從而寫(xiě)出正確的單詞形式。12.閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式(每空至多3詞)。 The cave dwelling (Yaodong in Chinese) in Xi39。an , Shaanxi Province, is laid out in rows one atop the other, looking like buildings of multiple floors in the distance . It is a sort of distinctive cave house ________ (dig) into the mountains for dwelling of many laboring people on the Loess Plateau in northwest China. A cave house is usually six meters deep and four meters wide. Stoneslabs (厚板) ________(pile) up to form a semicircle at the entrance, ________ is decorated with beautiful wood or metal windows in a ________ (vary) of styles. The types of the cave dwelling can be divided into the earth cave dwelling, brick cave dwelling ________ stone dwelling. For centuries, they have been regarded ________the symbol of the peasants in northern part of Shaanxi Province. The beauty about the cave dwelling is ________they help maintain local geography and save on farmlands by ________ (make) use of space that would have been otherwise left unused. They are warm in winter and cool in summer. The temperature inside is usually 13 degrees Celsius higher than in the open in winter and 10 degrees Celsius ________ (low) in summer. Statistics show that 40 million people live in cave dwellings that are scattered over an area of 600,000 square kilometers in ________ middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.【答案】 dug;are piled;which;variety;and;as;that;making;lower;the 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了延安窯洞的地理位置、建筑風(fēng)格及給當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裆顜?lái)的益處。 (1)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:這是一種頗具特點(diǎn)在山里挖出的洞屋,用作西北黃土高原農(nóng)民工的棲息之地。house與dig之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,使用過(guò)去分詞dug。故填dug。 (2)考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:厚石板堆積形成入口處的半圓,入口處裝飾著漂亮的木頭和各式各樣的金屬窗戶(hù)。通過(guò)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,主句為“Stoneslabs (厚板)________(pile) up to form a semicircle at the entrance”,主句中存在不定式to form,stonelabs與pile之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,且stonelabs為復(fù)數(shù),因此橫線(xiàn)上需填入被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式are piled。故填are piled。 (3)考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意:厚石板堆積形成入口處的半圓,入口處裝飾著漂亮的木頭和各式各樣的金屬窗戶(hù)。此句為定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞為橫線(xiàn)前的一句話(huà),在從句中作主語(yǔ),應(yīng)填入關(guān)系代詞which。故填which。 (4)考查名詞。句意:入口處裝飾著漂亮的木頭和各式各樣的金屬窗戶(hù)。a variety of固定短語(yǔ),“各種各樣的”,故填variety。 (5)考查連詞。句意:窯洞的類(lèi)型分為土溶洞、磚溶洞和石溶洞。stone dwelling與earth cave dwelling , brick cave dwelling互為并列關(guān)系,應(yīng)使用并列連詞and。故填and。 (6)考查介詞。句意:幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái),它們一直被視為陜西省北部農(nóng)民的象征。be regarded as動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),“被視為”,故填as。 (7)考查表語(yǔ)從句。句意:窯洞之美在于它們有助于保持當(dāng)?shù)氐牡乩砬闆r。通過(guò)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此句為表語(yǔ)從句,且從句中不缺少任何成分應(yīng)使用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)。故填that。 (8)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:通過(guò)利用原本閑置的空間來(lái)節(jié)約耕地。介詞by后接名詞,題中所給詞性為動(dòng)詞make,因此需使用make的動(dòng)名詞形式making。故填making。 (9)考查形容詞。句意:室內(nèi)溫度通常比冬天室外高13攝氏度,比夏天室外低10攝氏度。通過(guò)語(yǔ)境翻譯可知,橫線(xiàn)處意為“比…低”,使用low的比較級(jí)lower。故填lower。 (10)考查冠詞。句意:據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),黃河中上游地區(qū)約有4000萬(wàn)人居住在窯洞中,窯洞面積約60萬(wàn)平方公里分布于黃河中上游地區(qū)。“in ________ middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.”作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),表示特指中上游地帶,應(yīng)使用定冠詞,故填the。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài),定語(yǔ)從句,名詞,連詞,介詞,表語(yǔ)從句,形容詞以及冠詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇文化類(lèi)閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí),進(jìn)行分析推理,從而寫(xiě)出正確的單詞形式。 13.閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(不多于3個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Vegetarianism(素食主義)is being one rising trend in the UK, as more people are deciding not ________(eat) meat and animal products. Vegetarians are people who don39。t eat meat, while vegans are people who don39。t eat or use any animal products at all. These lifestyles ________(bee) more wellknown in the UK. ________ are Britons cutting out meat? Many are unhappy about the poor treatment of animals and the effects of meat and fish production ________ the environment. ________(worry) about food safety and foodborne illnesses, such as mad cow disease, have also played a part. Others choose to change their eating habits in order to bee ________ (healthy). According to the Vegetarian Society, a meatfree diet can help reduce ________ risk of certain cancers, as well as heart disease and high blood pressure. Organic farming is ________ rising trend that is appearing in the UK. Many people are rejecting genetically modified(轉(zhuǎn)基因的)food and want their food to be ________(organic) produced. Organic farmers use very few or no chemicals. Organic meat ________(produce) without the use of drugs.【答案】 to eat;are being;Why;on;Worries;healthier;the;another;organically;is produced 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,素食主義在英國(guó)逐漸增加,越來(lái)越多的英國(guó)人決定不食用肉類(lèi)和動(dòng)物產(chǎn)品。根據(jù)素食協(xié)會(huì)的說(shuō)法,無(wú)肉飲食可以幫助降低某些癌癥、心臟病和高血壓的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。 (1)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:素食主義在英國(guó)正成為一種上升趨勢(shì),越來(lái)越多的人決定不吃肉和動(dòng)物制品。decide to do固定短語(yǔ),“決定做……”。故填to eat。 (2)考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:這種生活方式在英國(guó)越來(lái)越出名。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處應(yīng)使現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),表示逐漸變化的過(guò)程。故填is being。 (3)考查疑問(wèn)詞。根據(jù)下文“許多人對(duì)虐待動(dòng)物以及肉類(lèi)和魚(yú)類(lèi)生產(chǎn)的影響感到不滿(mǎn)”可知,此處指“為什么英國(guó)人不吃肉?”故填Why。 (4)考查介詞。句意:許多人對(duì)虐待動(dòng)物以及肉類(lèi)和魚(yú)類(lèi)生產(chǎn)對(duì)環(huán)境的影響感到不滿(mǎn)。have an effect on固定短語(yǔ),“對(duì)……有影響”。故填on。 (5)考查名詞。句意:對(duì)食品安全和像瘋牛病這樣的食源性疾病的擔(dān)憂(yōu)也起到了一定的作用。根據(jù)句意及謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞have可知,此處應(yīng)使用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填Worries。 (6)考查形容詞。句意:其他人選擇改變他們的飲食習(xí)慣是為了變得更健康。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處應(yīng)使用比較級(jí)。故填healthi