【正文】 60。D.It shows discrimination.（4）What39。s the last paragraph mainly about? A.How to show our respect for others.B.How to avoid mispronouncing names.C.How to improve our pronunciation.D.How to live harmoniously in a munity.【答案】 （1）A（2）D（3）B（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了人的名字所代表的含義。一個(gè)名字不僅僅是一個(gè)單詞。它承載著一個(gè)人整個(gè)身份的重量。名字可以代表一個(gè)人的種族和文化，也可以表示對(duì)祖先的尊重。一個(gè)自取的名字可能代表一個(gè)人的信仰或選擇的身份。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“A name can represent a person39。s ethnicity (種族身份) and culture, or show respect for their ancestral roots.”名字可以代表一個(gè)人的種族和文化，也可以表示對(duì)祖先的尊重?？芍?，一個(gè)人的名字可以告訴他的文化背景。故選A。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“In the long term, this might cause someone to distance themselves from their roots.”從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致一些人遠(yuǎn)離自己的根?？芍x錯(cuò)名字的長(zhǎng)期影響是這個(gè)人可能會(huì)試圖隱藏他的根源。故選D。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的“Mispronouncing a name repeatedly, however, shows a lack of effort. It is not okay to be fortable with mispronouncing names, and being unfamiliar with a language is no excuse.”然而，反復(fù)念錯(cuò)一個(gè)名字，表明你缺乏努力。對(duì)名字念錯(cuò)感到不舒服是不好的，不熟悉一門(mén)語(yǔ)言也不是借口?？芍?，作者對(duì)一個(gè)名字反復(fù)發(fā)錯(cuò)音這是不可接受的。故選B。 （4）考查段落大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“If you39。re unsure whether you39。re pronouncing a name correctly, just ask. Think of it as a way to expand and strengthen understanding, both personally and culturally.“如果你不確定你的名字發(fā)音是否正確，直接問(wèn)。把它看作是擴(kuò)展和加強(qiáng)理解的一種方式，無(wú)論是個(gè)人的還是文化的?！笨芍?，最后一段講述的是“如何避免名字發(fā)音錯(cuò)誤?！惫蔬xB。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和段落大意大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類(lèi)閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 There is more of a connection between food and culture than you may think. On an individual level, we grow up eating the food of our culture. It bees a part of who we are. Many associate food from our childhood with warm feelings and good memories and it ties us to our families, holding a special and personal value for us. Food from our family often bees the fort food we seek as adults in times of frustration and stress. On a large scale, traditional food is an important part of culture. It also operates as an expression of culture identity. Immigrants bring it wherever they go, and it is a symbol of pride for their culture and means of coping with homesickness. Many immigrants open their own restaurants and serve traditional dishes. However, the food does not remain exactly the same. Some materials needed to make traditional dishes may not be readily available, so the taste and flavor can be different from what they would prepare in their home countries. Additionally, immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries. Therefore, they have to make small changes about the original dishes to cater to a wider range of customers. Those changes can create new flavors that still keep the cultural significance of the dishes. We should embrace our heritage（傳統(tǒng)）through our culture39。s food but also bee more informed about other cultures by trying their food. It is important to remember that each dish has a special place in the culture to which it belongs, and is special to those who prepare it. Food is a window into culture, and it should be treated as such.（1）What39。s the function of food mentioned in the article? A.To help motivate homesickness.B.To show national identity.C.To reflect a country39。s history.D.To show a munity39。s superiority.（2）What does the underlined it in Paragraph2 refer to? A.The specific traditional food.B.The national culture.C.A traditional expression of food.D.The oldfashioned taste.（3）Why do some immigrants have to change the original dishes in their restaurant? A.To attach cultural importance to their dishes.B.To announce the beginning of their life on foreign soil.C.To make the dishes popular among customers.D.To present their own food culture in a new way.（4）What39。s the author39。s attitude towards different food cultures? A.Negative.B.Balanced.C.Unfair.D.Unchangeable.【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，作者從食物與文化的關(guān)系的角度表達(dá)了自己的看法，作者認(rèn)為傳統(tǒng)食物是文化的重要組成部分，它也是一種文化身份的表達(dá)，食物是了解文化的窗口。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“It also operates as an expression of culture identity. Immigrants bring it wherever they go, and it is a symbol of pride for their culture and means of coping with homesickness. ”可知文中提到食物是一種文化身份的表達(dá)，故選B。 （2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第二段中的“It also operates as an expression of culture identity.”可知，此句中it代指民族文化，句意為：移民們把它帶到任何地方，它是他們的文化自豪感的象征，也是應(yīng)對(duì)思鄉(xiāng)之情的手段。故選A。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Additionally, immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries. ”可知，一些移民不得不改變他們餐館原有的菜肴是為了迎合不同的顧客。故選C。 （4）考查觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度。根據(jù)最后一段中的“We should embrace our heritage（傳統(tǒng)）through our culture39。s food but also bee more informed about other cultures by trying their food. ”可知，我們應(yīng)該通過(guò)我們的文化食物來(lái)接受我們的文化遺產(chǎn)，但也應(yīng)該通過(guò)品嘗其他文化的食物來(lái)了解其他文化，故選B。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類(lèi)閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。9．閱讀理解 Like a tired marriage, the relationship between libraries and publishers has long been dull. Ebooks, however, are causing heartache. Libraries know they need digital wares, but many publishers are too cautious about piracy (盜版）and lost sales to cooperate. Among the big six, only Random House and Harper Collins license ebooks with most libraries. Publishers are wise to be nervous. Owners of ereaders (電子閱讀器）are exactly the customers they need: booklovers with money. If these people switch to borrowing ebooks instead of buying them, what then? Electronic borrowing is awfully convenient. Unlike printed books, which must be checked out and returned to a physical library miles from where you live, book files can be downloaded at home. The files disappear from the device when they are due. Elending is not simple, however. There are lots of differe