【正文】 紐約市的人口多了300萬(wàn)。它告訴了我們關(guān)于我們的社會(huì)和我們未來(lái)的生活。事實(shí)證明，我們對(duì)衰老的興趣比我們意識(shí)到的更大。作為一名家庭醫(yī)生，我可以看到孤獨(dú)感的蔓延。所以FaceApp主要的功能是通過(guò)它的算法使用戶(hù)看到自己的年齡，接著講述老人所面臨的問(wèn)題—孤獨(dú)和衰老。故判斷出FaceApp的例子是用來(lái)介紹衰老和孤獨(dú)的話題。故選D。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的”As a family doctor, I can see the loneliness epidemic developing. Elderly patients e to see me with no particular illness, no clear medical issue. “可知老人經(jīng)常去看家庭醫(yī)生是因?yàn)楣陋?dú)，他們沒(méi)有生病，只想找人聊聊。故選B。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的”But in the long term, the only way to truly help the oldest members of our society is to go back to the traditional values of intergenerational（兩代間的） cooperation—often under same roof. Ultimately, we will need to evolve towards a culture where elderly care is treated the same as childcare“,可知從長(zhǎng)期來(lái)看我們幫助老年成員的方法是和他們一起居住，并且給予他們嬰兒般的關(guān)愛(ài)。故選C。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的”But loneliness does not e with nearly enough health warnings.“可知老人孤獨(dú)并沒(méi)有帶來(lái)足夠的健康警示，故推斷人們孤獨(dú)的老人應(yīng)該得到更多的關(guān)注，選A。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類(lèi)閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解 By analyzing the fossilized teeth of some of our most ancient ancestors, a team of scientists led by the universities of Bristol (UK) and Lyon (France) have discovered that the first humans significantly breastfed their infants (嬰兒) for longer periods than their contemporary relatives. The results, published in the journal Science Advances, provide a first insight into the practice of weaning (斷奶)that remain otherwise unseen in the fossil record. The team sampled minute amounts from nearly 40 fossilized teeth of our South African fossil relatives, early Homo, Paranthropus robustus and Australopithecus africanus. They measured the proportions of their stable calcium isotopes (同位素）in the tooth enamel(牙釉質(zhì)), which are a function of the mother milk intake by infants. They show that early Homo offspring(后代) was breastfed in significant proportions until the age of around three to four years, which likely played a role in the apparition of traits that are specific to human lineage(血統(tǒng)), such as the brain development. In contrast, infants of Paranthropus robustus, that became extinct around one million years ago and were a more robust species in terms of dental anatomy, as well as infants of Australopithecus africanus, stopped drinking sizeable proportions of mother milk in the course of the first months of life. These differences in nursing behaviors likely e with major changes in the social structures of groups as well as the time between the birth of one child and the birth of the next. One of the study39。s lead authors, Dr Theo Tacail said: The practice of weaning the duration of breastfeeding, age at nonmilk food introduction and the age at cessation of suckling differs among the modern members of the hominid family which includes humans and modern great apes: orangutan, gorillas, chimpanzees and bonobos. The development of such behavioral differences likely played major roles in the evolution of the members of human lineage, being associated for instance with size and structure of social groups, brain development. However, getting insights into these behavioral changes from fossils that are millions of years old is a challenge and, so far, little evidence allow discussing nursing practices in these fossil species. The findings stress the need for further exploration of calcium stables isotopes positions in the fossil record in order to understand the coevolution of weaning practices with other traits such as brain size or social behaviors.（1）What do we know the findings of the team? A.It takes the lead in focusing on Practice weaning.B.It has disclosed the link between the weaning practice and other traits.C.It is evident that nursing practice is associated with behavioral changes.D.It39。s contemporary humans that spend more time breastfeeding their infants.（2）What does the underlined phrase such behavioral differences in Paragraph 7 most probably refer to? A.Differences in the calcium isotope in the teeth.B.Differences in the social structure of groups.C.Differences in the practice of weaning.D.Differences in the change of behaviors.（3）What does the passage mainly talk about? A.The evolution of human lineage.B.The possible influence of nursing behaviors.C.The exploration of positions in the fossil.D.The function of mother milk at the age of infants.【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，通過(guò)對(duì)祖先牙齒化石的研究，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)第一批用母乳喂養(yǎng)嬰兒的人類(lèi)比同時(shí)代的其他的近親在時(shí)間上要長(zhǎng)很多，而這種育幼差異可能在人類(lèi)進(jìn)化中扮演了重要角色 ，比如大腦發(fā)育和社會(huì)群體方面。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“The results, published in the journal Science Advances, provide a first insight into the practice of weaning ”可知這項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果發(fā)表在《科學(xué)進(jìn)展》雜志上，為斷奶行為提供了第一手資料，而這在化石記錄中是看不到的。故選A。 （2）考查句義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第六段中的“The practice of weaning the duration of breastfeeding, age at nonmilk food introduction and the age at cessation of suckling differs among the modern members of the hominid family which includes humans and modern great apes: orangutan, gorillas, chimpanzees and bonobos.”可知現(xiàn)代人和古代人的斷奶行為不同，而且人類(lèi)和猩猩以及猿猴在斷奶的時(shí)間上是不同的，即不同時(shí)代/不同物種的斷奶行為是有差異的，而畫(huà)線部分的such 就是指上文提到的內(nèi)容。故選C。 （3）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第七段中的“The development of such behavioral differences … in the evolution of the members of human lineage, being associated for instance with size and structure of social groups, brain development.”可知，這種行為差異的發(fā)展可能在人類(lèi)血統(tǒng)成員的進(jìn)化中扮演了重要角色，例如與社會(huì)群體的大小和結(jié)構(gòu)，大腦的發(fā)展有關(guān)。所以短文主要是關(guān)于育幼行為可能帶來(lái)的影響。故選B。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，句義猜測(cè)和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類(lèi)閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 The Largest World Fairs of All Time New York World Fair — New York, 1939 The 1939 New York World Fair was the largest exposition (博覽會(huì)) in US history with visitors over 14 million. The Fair was planned during the Great Depression and was aimed at relieving the city from economic depression by attracting foreign investment. Major inventions to emerge (出現(xiàn)) at the New York World Fair included nylon fabric, a streamlined pencil sharpener, and a futuristic car city imagined by General Moiors. Exposition liniverselle — Paris, 1900 The Exposition Universelle was one of the earliest expositions to feature multiple countries with France inviting various countries to display their technological advancements and cultural heritage. Exposition Universelle was the birthplace of many inventions that we enjoy today including escalators (自動(dòng)扶梯) and talking films. Expo39。 70 — Osaka, Japan Expo39。 70 was the biggest exposition of the 20th c