【正文】
have already hosted Winter Olympics, and two________(addition) cities: PyeongChang, South Korea,and Beijing, China, where the 2022 Winter Olympics will be held. Scott39。s team________(start) with looking at historic winter conditions, and then used puter models to predict conditions in the ( they) model predicted that by2050,the average February temperatures in past Winter Olympic host cities will rise by degrees Celsius. These temperatures can affect the quality of snow, thus________(increase)the chance of accidents.【答案】 to deal;are;a;who;typically;additional;started;Their;to;increasing 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,一項(xiàng)研究預(yù)測,到本世紀(jì)末,一半以上的前冬奧會(huì)主辦城市將會(huì)太熱而無法舉行這樣的比賽。 (1)考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:到本世紀(jì)末,一半以上的前冬奧會(huì)主辦城市將因天氣太熱而無法舉辦此類賽事。too…to…固定句式,“太.....而不能.....”,故填to deal。 (2)考查主謂一致。句意:現(xiàn)在不僅是奧運(yùn)會(huì)面臨危險(xiǎn)。本句the Olympics后面接的是定語從句,并且the Olympics在定語從句中做主語,定語從句謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)和主語保持一致,用復(fù)數(shù),故填are。 (3)考查冠詞。句意:“隨著全球氣候持續(xù)變暖,冬季運(yùn)動(dòng)的世界正在發(fā)生變化,”加拿大的一個(gè)氣候變化研究員,丹尼爾斯科特說。本句中氣候變化研究員為單數(shù),應(yīng)用冠詞a修飾,表示泛指一個(gè),故填a。 (4)考查定語從句。句意:他領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了一組研究人員,他們用數(shù)學(xué)來預(yù)測到2050年2月和2080年冬天的情況會(huì)發(fā)生怎樣的變化。空后為非限制性定語從句,先行詞為a team of researchers,指人,在從句中做主語,應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who,故填who。 (5)考查副詞。句意:2月是冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)舉行的典型月份??罩械脑~用來修飾謂語動(dòng)詞are played做狀語,應(yīng)用副詞,故填typically。 (6)考查形容詞。句意:斯科特和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)預(yù)測了已經(jīng)舉辦冬奧會(huì)的19個(gè)城市的氣溫和積雪,以及另外兩個(gè)城市:韓國平昌,和中國北京,2022年冬奧會(huì)將在那里舉行。此處用來修飾名詞cities作定語,應(yīng)用形容詞,故填additional。 (7)考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:斯科特的研究小組開始研究了歷史上的冬季情況,然后使用計(jì)算機(jī)模型來預(yù)測未來的情況??罩械脑~和used做并列謂語,時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)保持一致,都用一般過去時(shí),故填started。 (8)考查代詞。句意:他們的模型預(yù)測到2050年??罩械脑~用來修飾名詞作定語,應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞,故填their。 (9)考查介詞。句意:他們的模型預(yù)測到2050年。根據(jù)句意可知是“到”,故填to。 (10)考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:這些溫度會(huì)影響雪的質(zhì)量,從而增加發(fā)生事故的機(jī)會(huì)。此處作狀語,同它的邏輯主語these temperatures之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞,填increasing。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及非謂語動(dòng)詞,主謂一致,冠詞,定語從句,副詞,形容詞,時(shí)態(tài),代詞以及介詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇文化類閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識(shí),進(jìn)行分析推理,從而寫出正確的單詞形式。 11.閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)的單詞的正確形式。 The Duanwu Festival, known as the Dragon Boat Festival, ________ (found) in memory of Qu Yuan, ________ was a scholar and minister of the state of Chu during the Warring States period (475221BC). The festival date is on the ________ (five) day of May on the Chinese lunar calendar. Traditional celebrations of the Dragon Boat Festival include ________ (eat) zongzi, drinking wine and racing dragon boats. You don39。t have to live in China long to know the ________ (country) most popular foods with good stories behind them. That39。s ________ (particular) true of zongzi, which have been connected ________ the Dragon Boat Festival for more than a thousand years. Zongzi, rice dumplings wrapped in ________ (leaf), remain with us today as the traditional way ________ (celebrate) the Dragon Boat Festival. In general, northern Chinese prefer sweet versions of these steamed treats while southerners like ________ (salt) tastes. In the north, some zongzi are plain, to be dipped into sugar. In the south, however, creative locals over centuries have added ham chestnuts and mushrooms into zongzi.【答案】 was founded;who;fifth;eating;country39。s;particularly;with;leaves;to celebrate;salty 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,介紹了端午節(jié) 的來歷和傳統(tǒng)。 (1)考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:端午節(jié)是為了紀(jì)念屈原而設(shè)立的。主語“The Duanwu Festival”承受“found”的動(dòng)作,句子應(yīng)該使用被動(dòng)語態(tài),設(shè)立端午節(jié)的事情發(fā)生在過去,時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)。故填was founded。 (2)考查定語從句。句意:屈原是戰(zhàn)國時(shí)期楚國的學(xué)者和大臣。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。先行詞是QuYuan,在從句中作主語,應(yīng)使用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)定語從句。故填who。 (3)考查數(shù)詞。句意:端午節(jié)是在中國農(nóng)歷五月份的第五天。此處需填入序數(shù)詞表示端午節(jié)的日期,five的序數(shù)詞是fifth。故填fifth。 (4)考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:端午節(jié)的傳統(tǒng)慶?;顒?dòng)包括吃粽子,飲酒和賽龍舟。include是及物動(dòng)詞,動(dòng)名詞在其后作賓語。故填eating。 (5)考查名詞。句意:您不必在中國居住很久就可以了解這個(gè)國家最受歡迎的食物以及它們背后的經(jīng)典故事。根據(jù)句意,表示“這個(gè)國家的食物”,應(yīng)該使用名詞的所有格形式。故填country39。s。 (6)考查副詞。句意:對(duì)于粽子來說尤其如此,它與端午節(jié)的故事已有千余年的歷史了。副詞修飾形容詞true作狀語。故填particularly。 (7)考查介詞。句意:對(duì)于粽子來說尤其如此,它與端午節(jié)的故事已有千余年的歷史了。be connected with固定短語,“與……有關(guān)”,故填with。 (8)考查名詞。句意:粽子,是將糯米由粽葉包裹。leaf是粽葉,此處為可數(shù)名詞,應(yīng)使用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填leaves。 (9)考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:今天吃粽子仍然是我們慶祝端午節(jié)的傳統(tǒng)方式。the way to do sth固定短語,“做.......的方式”,故填to celebrate。 (10)考查形容詞。句意:大體上說,北方人更喜歡帶有甜味的粽子而南方人喜歡咸味的粽子。形容詞修飾tastes作定語。故填salty。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài),定語從句,數(shù)詞,非謂語動(dòng)詞,名詞,副詞,介詞以及形容詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇文化類閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識(shí),進(jìn)行分析推理,從而寫出正確的單詞形式。 12.閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Although the Obamas and Prince Harry have a famously close relationship, the former first couple might not be invited to the uping royal wedding and if they don39。t, Donald Trump will likely be ________(blame). Government officials in the . are reportedly encouraging Harry not to invite the Obamas for fear ________ offending current president Donald Trump (who is unlikely ________(receive) an invitation of his own). It remains ________(see) whether Harry and Meghan Markle will take the advice of government officials, however. According to The Sun, the couple have made __5________ clear that they would like to invite the Obamas to their wedding on May 19. While Trump was ________(original) scheduled to make an official state visit to the United Kingdom in 2017, the trip was postponed until July of 2018 and has since been downgraded to a working trip, during ________ Trump will not meet the Queen. Of course, ________(be) the president of the United States is no guarantee of a royal wedding ________ (invite). In 2011, Obama didn39。t receive any card to William and Kate39。s wedding, (which was considered a state event, while Harry and Meghan39。s wedding will not be) , even ________ he was the sitting president at the time.【答案】 to blame;of;to receive;to be seen;it;originally;which;being;invitation;though/if 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道,奧巴馬和哈里王子是出了名的好朋友,但是明年哈里王子的婚禮可能不會(huì)邀請(qǐng)奧巴馬夫婦。要是奧巴馬夫婦真的去不了婚禮,竟然是英國政府眾多官員擔(dān)心會(huì)觸怒美國現(xiàn)任總統(tǒng)特朗普。 (1)考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:要是奧巴馬夫婦真的去不了婚禮,都要怪特朗普。be to blame固定短語,“被責(zé)備”,故填to blame 。 (2)考查介詞。句意:英國政府眾多官員都跟哈里說不要請(qǐng)奧巴馬一家,就擔(dān)心會(huì)觸怒美國現(xiàn)任總統(tǒng)特朗普, for fear of 固定短語,“擔(dān)心”,故填of。 (3)考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:特朗普當(dāng)然收不到婚禮請(qǐng)柬。be unlikely to do固定短語,“不可能做某事”,故填to receive。 (4)考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:但是哈里和梅根會(huì)不會(huì)聽從政府官員的建議還有待考究。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,remain to do固定短語,“有待做某事”,這件事和看之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,用不定式的被動(dòng),故填to be seen。 (5)考查代詞。句意:媒體《太陽報(bào)》報(bào)道,哈里夫婦明確表示很想邀請(qǐng)奧巴馬一家于明年5月19日參加婚禮。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,made _____ clear that,that引導(dǎo)真正的賓語從句,it做形式賓語,故填it 。 (6)考查副詞。句意: 特朗普本來預(yù)計(jì)2017年訪問英國,后來訪問被推遲到2018年7月,副詞修飾動(dòng)詞schedule,故填originally