【正文】
To print the patrol boat, part of an American army project, the team in Maine linked up with Oak Ridge National Laboratory, in Tennessee, which helped ________ (develop) the printing process, and Ingersoll Machine Tools, in Illinois, which built the printer itself. The university estimates that for boat building, a mon trade in the state, large 3D printers of this sort will ________(dramatic) cut the cost and time required to produce new ships.【答案】 what;made;though/however;the;using;mercial;have been employed;of;develop / to develop;dramatically 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,介紹了大型3D打印機(jī)可用來制造船舶。 (1)考查主語從句。句意:造船是一個(gè)漫長而枯燥的過程,即使最終從造船臺(tái)上滑下來的只是一艘用玻璃纖維等現(xiàn)代材料制造的小船,而非用木板釘成的傳統(tǒng)船只。______ is going down the slipway是when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中的主語從句,主語從句缺少主語,在此表示的事物,故填what。 (2)考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處表示用玻璃纖維等現(xiàn)代材料制造的小船。______(make) from modern materials such as fibreglass用來修飾craft,作定語,craft與make是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用過去分詞,故填made。 (3)考查副詞。句意:不過,現(xiàn)狀可能馬上會(huì)發(fā)生改變。根據(jù)前后文語境可知此處表示之前制作大約需要好幾月的實(shí)踐,而這一切隨著3D打印的使用可能要發(fā)生改變。所以表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故填however/though。 (4)考查冠詞。句意:緬因大學(xué)的研究者正在測試一條 8 米長的巡邏艇,它的建造過程只花了 72 小時(shí)。in the process of…固定短語,“在......過程中”,故填the。 (5)考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:他們的秘密武器,是使用一臺(tái)大型的 3D 打印機(jī)來造船。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此句有謂語動(dòng)詞was,所以use 要使用非謂語,再根據(jù)their trick可知使用者是人,所以人與use是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞,故填using。 (6)考查形容詞。句意:自從他們在20世紀(jì)90年代以商業(yè)形式出現(xiàn)以來,他們一直被用于工廠制作小的飛機(jī)零部件和牙冠。此處修飾form名詞,要用形容詞,故填mercial。 (7)考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語since,可知主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),再根據(jù)3D打印機(jī)與employ之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),再根據(jù)主謂一致。可知填用have been employed。 (8)考查固定短語。句意:這些打印機(jī)能夠制造出比以前更大的物體,并且打印速度更快。be capable of固定短語,“能夠”,故填of。 (9)考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。help to do/ help do固定短語,“幫助做某事”,故填to develop/ develop。 (10)考查副詞。句意:該大學(xué)估計(jì),對于該州常見的行業(yè)——造船來說,這種大型3D打印機(jī)將大幅削減生產(chǎn)新船所需的成本和時(shí)間。此處修飾動(dòng)詞cut,要用副詞,故填dramatically。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及主語從句,非謂語動(dòng)詞,副詞,冠詞,形容詞,時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)以及副詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇科技類閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識(shí),進(jìn)行分析推理,從而寫出正確的單詞形式。 12.閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)單詞或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Chopsticks, or kuaizi in Chinese, ________ (be) a pair of small equal length sticks, usually made of wood, ________( use) for eating Asian food It is believed the first chopsticks ________ (develop) over 5,000 years ago in China. The ________(early) evidence of a pair of chopsticks made out of bronze was excavated (出土) from the Ruins of Yin near Anyang, Henan province,dating back to roughly 1,200 BC. Chopsticks play, ________important role in Chinese food culture. Chinese chopsticks are usually 9 to 10 inches long and rectangular with a blunt (鈍的) end. They are round on the eating end ________symbolizes heaven, and the other end is square which symbolizes earth. This is because________(maintain) an adequate food supply is the greatest concern between heaven and earth. There is an old Chinese custom making chopsticks part of a girl39。s dowry, since the ________(pronounce) of kuaizi is similar to the words for quick and son.Chopsticks are ________(frequent) used in daily life. They have bee more than a kind of tableware and have established a set of etiquette (禮儀) and customs ________their own.【答案】 are;used;were developed;earliest;an;that/which;maintaining;pronunciation;frequently;of 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,講述了筷子在我國的歷史、作用和文化意義。 (1)考查時(shí)態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處是句子謂語動(dòng)詞,根據(jù)下文的is判斷為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語chopsticks是復(fù)數(shù),故填are。 (2)考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處是非謂語動(dòng)詞作后置定語,use和邏輯主語sticks之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故用去過分詞,填used。 (3)考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處是主語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞,根據(jù)over 5,000 years ago判斷為一般過去時(shí),主語chopsticks和develop之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),主語chopsticks是復(fù)數(shù),故填were developed。 (4)考查形容詞。此處應(yīng)填形容詞作定語修飾名詞evidence,結(jié)合句意可知此處意為“最早的證據(jù)”故用最高級,故填earliest。 (5)考查冠詞。play a role in固定短語,“在……中起作用”,又important是元音音素開頭,故填an。 (6)考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處是限定性定語從句關(guān)系詞,先行詞they(指物)在從句__6___symbolizes heaven中充當(dāng)主語,故用關(guān)系代詞,填that/which。 (7)考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處應(yīng)填maintain的動(dòng)名詞形式作為表語從句的主語,故填maintaining。 (8)考查名詞。此處應(yīng)填名詞作為原因狀語從句的主語,結(jié)合上下文可知此處意為“筷子的發(fā)音”,“發(fā)音”是pronunciation,故填pronunciation。 (9)考查副詞,此處應(yīng)填副詞修飾動(dòng)詞are used,故填frequently。 (10)考查介詞。of one39。s own固定短語,“某人自己的”,故填of。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及時(shí)態(tài),非謂語動(dòng)詞,時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài),形容詞,冠詞,定語從句,非謂語動(dòng)詞,名詞,副詞以及介詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇文化類閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識(shí),進(jìn)行分析推理,從而寫出正確的單詞形式。13.閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 I don39。t photograph wild animals very often, ________ wild horses are an exception. I first learned about Alberta39。s wild horses 20 years ago. Ever since, I had wanted to see and photograph them. A friend of mine, who also loves wild horses, ________ (hear) about my wish in March 2017, and I was fortunate enough to be able to acpany him to see the wild horses in the Williams Creek area of Alberta. It was ________ unique experience. We spent a day there ________ our first visit and have been back to the same area three more times since then. Once we were so lucky to see more than 100 horses there. I managed to capture a great shot of a pony ________ (run) and jumping for the sheer joy of it, ________ I felt so proud of. The pony was having such fun all by ________ (he) while the rest of his herd grazed peacefully. Having been out with the horses several times now, I hope to visit them again—as often as possible! They39。re magnificent and ________ (true) nurture my soul. I39。m so thankful for the privilege of having the opportunity to spend time with them. These horses are born wild and free, and deserve always ________ (remain) so. ________(photograph) like me quite value the chance to get close to the wild horses.【答案】 but;heard;a;on;running;which;himself;truly;to remain;Photographers 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文,講述了作者拍攝野馬的獨(dú)特經(jīng)歷。 (1)考查連詞。句意:我不經(jīng)常拍攝野生動(dòng)物,但野馬是個(gè)例外。根據(jù)句意可知前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故填but。 (2)考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:我的一個(gè)朋友也喜歡野馬,他在2017年3月聽說了我的愿望。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“in March 2017”可知事情發(fā)生在過去,應(yīng)該用一般過去時(shí),故填heard。 (3)考查冠詞。句意:這是一次獨(dú)特的經(jīng)歷。experience當(dāng)“經(jīng)歷”講時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞,此處用不定冠詞表泛指,unique的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭,故填a。 (4)考查介詞。句意:我們第一次去的時(shí)候在那里待了一天,之后又去了三次。spend time on sth固定短語,“在某物/事上花時(shí)間”,故填on。 (5)考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:我成功地捕捉到了一匹小馬奔跑和跳躍撒歡的精彩鏡頭,我為此感到驕傲。pony與run之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,表示主動(dòng),此處與后面的jumping并列用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語,故填running。 (6)考查定語從句。句意:我成功地捕捉到了一匹小馬奔跑和跳躍撒歡的精彩鏡頭,我為此感到驕傲。此處為非限定性定語從句,關(guān)系詞指代整個(gè)主句內(nèi)容并在從句中作主語,故填which。 (7)考查代詞。句意:小馬自己玩得很開心,而其他的馬則安靜地吃草。all by oneself固定短語,“自己、單獨(dú)”,故填himself。 (8)考查副詞。句意:它們是偉大的,真正滋養(yǎng)了我的靈魂。修飾動(dòng)詞nurture用副詞,故填truly。 (9)考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:這些馬生來就野性十足,自由自在,它們理應(yīng)永遠(yuǎn)如