【正文】
n the state, large 3D printers of this sort will ________(dramatic) cut the cost and time required to produce new ships.【答案】 what;made;though/however;the;using;mercial;have been employed;of;develop / to develop;dramatically 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了大型3D打印機(jī)可用來(lái)制造船舶。 (1)考查主語(yǔ)從句。句意:造船是一個(gè)漫長(zhǎng)而枯燥的過(guò)程,即使最終從造船臺(tái)上滑下來(lái)的只是一艘用玻璃纖維等現(xiàn)代材料制造的小船,而非用木板釘成的傳統(tǒng)船只。______ is going down the slipway是when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)從句,主語(yǔ)從句缺少主語(yǔ),在此表示的事物,故填what。 (2)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處表示用玻璃纖維等現(xiàn)代材料制造的小船。______(make) from modern materials such as fibreglass用來(lái)修飾craft,作定語(yǔ),craft與make是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用過(guò)去分詞,故填made。 (3)考查副詞。句意:不過(guò),現(xiàn)狀可能馬上會(huì)發(fā)生改變。根據(jù)前后文語(yǔ)境可知此處表示之前制作大約需要好幾月的實(shí)踐,而這一切隨著3D打印的使用可能要發(fā)生改變。所以表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故填however/though。 (4)考查冠詞。句意:緬因大學(xué)的研究者正在測(cè)試一條 8 米長(zhǎng)的巡邏艇,它的建造過(guò)程只花了 72 小時(shí)。in the process of…固定短語(yǔ),“在......過(guò)程中”,故填the。 (5)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:他們的秘密武器,是使用一臺(tái)大型的 3D 打印機(jī)來(lái)造船。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此句有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞was,所以u(píng)se 要使用非謂語(yǔ),再根據(jù)their trick可知使用者是人,所以人與use是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞,故填using。 (6)考查形容詞。句意:自從他們?cè)?0世紀(jì)90年代以商業(yè)形式出現(xiàn)以來(lái),他們一直被用于工廠制作小的飛機(jī)零部件和牙冠。此處修飾form名詞,要用形容詞,故填mercial。 (7)考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)since,可知主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),再根據(jù)3D打印機(jī)與employ之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),再根據(jù)主謂一致??芍钣胔ave been employed。 (8)考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意:這些打印機(jī)能夠制造出比以前更大的物體,并且打印速度更快。be capable of固定短語(yǔ),“能夠”,故填of。 (9)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。help to do/ help do固定短語(yǔ),“幫助做某事”,故填to develop/ develop。 (10)考查副詞。句意:該大學(xué)估計(jì),對(duì)于該州常見(jiàn)的行業(yè)——造船來(lái)說(shuō),這種大型3D打印機(jī)將大幅削減生產(chǎn)新船所需的成本和時(shí)間。此處修飾動(dòng)詞cut,要用副詞,故填dramatically。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及主語(yǔ)從句,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,副詞,冠詞,形容詞,時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)以及副詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇科技類閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí),進(jìn)行分析推理,從而寫出正確的單詞形式。 11.閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Despite many laws and national parks to protect tigers, their habitats continue to be destroyed and they are still hunted. ________(sad), tigers are among the most endangered species in the world nowadays. Altogether, there are no more than 5,000 tigers ________ (leave) in the wild. Some think that the tiger is already to the point of ________(die) out in the wild. There are many reasons ________ this, like habitat loss and hunting. Over the years, a number of steps ________ (take) to help preserve the tiger population. The Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) protects wildlife and habitats. Today WCS is carrying out work in 53 nations across the world, protecting ________great variety of species from butterflies to tigers. In 2010, WCS started Tigers Forever, ________ aim was to increase the number of tigers in the world by 50 percent in the next 10 years. To achieve their goals, they are working together with governments and other________(organize) which are willing to take strong and effective measures to protect tigers and other wild species Right now the tiger population ________(increase) under this program in India and in Far East Russia. Thanks to the hard work of WCS, these large cats have a chance of survival in their ________ (nature) environments and not just in zoos years.【答案】 Sadly;left;dying;for;have been taken;a;whose;organizations;is increasing;natural 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,盡管有法律保護(hù),也有自然公園,但老虎的棲息地還是不斷被破壞,老虎依然遭到獵捕,老虎成了世界上最瀕危物種之一。幸運(yùn)的是,野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)協(xié)會(huì)正在致力于保護(hù)它們。 (1)考查副詞。此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾整個(gè)句子,作狀語(yǔ),故填Sadly。 (2)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。tigers和leave之間是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),填left。 (3)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。介詞后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ),故填dying。 (4)考查介詞。reason for固定短語(yǔ),“……的原因”,故填for。 (5)考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)over the years判斷為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),steps和take之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù),故填have been taken。 (6)考查冠詞。a variety of固定短語(yǔ),“大量”,由great是輔音音素開(kāi)頭,故填a。 (7)考查定語(yǔ)從句。此處是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞,先行詞WCS started Tigers Forever在從句中充當(dāng)形容詞,故用關(guān)系代詞whose,填whose。 (8)考查名詞。此處應(yīng)填名詞作為介詞with的賓語(yǔ),由other判斷用該名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填organizations。 (9)考查時(shí)態(tài)。此處是句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,根據(jù)right now判斷為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),population做整體概念時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用單數(shù)形式,故填is increasing。 (10)考查形容詞。此處應(yīng)填形容詞作為environment的定語(yǔ),故填natural。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及副詞,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,介詞,時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài),冠詞,定語(yǔ)從句,名詞以及形容詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí),進(jìn)行分析推理,從而寫出正確的單詞形式。 12.閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Chinese highspeed railways are a very fortable way to travel. They are clean, quiet and________(efficiency). China ________ (lead) other developing countries and even some developed ones in this field since the first highspeed train came into use in 2008. The stations are ________ (main) built outside the town center, but local transport has been lengthened ________ (connect) the highspeed network. The ________ (facility) on the train are new and the staff are well trained. Even the second class chairs provide plenty of space. The passages are wide and you can move easily, not ________ (disturb) anyone. You can use your mobile phone or work on your laptop, having access ________ the Internet. There is also a restaurant car, though the kinds of food ________ (be) limited. The toilets arc large, clean and userfriendly too. The train almost doesn39。t rock. Even when the train brakes, you can hardly feel it shake. What39。s more, with a faster checkin, the highspeed trains are also ________ (little) affected by weather than planes. Seldom are ________delayed or cancelled for weather condition. Therefore, they have bee the first choice for many passengers.【答案】 efficient;has led;mainly;to connect;facilities;disturbing;to;are;less;they 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了一種非常舒適的旅行方式——高速鐵路。 (1)考查形容詞。句意:它們干凈的、安靜的并且高效的。and是并列連詞,前面的clean, quiet都是形容詞,應(yīng)用efficiency的形容詞形式,故填efficient。 (2)考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:自2008年第一列高速列車投入使用以來(lái),中國(guó)在這一領(lǐng)域領(lǐng)先于其他發(fā)展中國(guó)家,甚至一些發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家。since“自從”,常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用;lead 是不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞,過(guò)去式led,過(guò)去分詞led。故填has led。 (3)考查副詞。句意:這些車站主要建在城鎮(zhèn)中心以外。修飾過(guò)去分詞built用副詞,故填 mainly 。 (4)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:但當(dāng)?shù)氐慕煌ㄒ呀?jīng)延長(zhǎng),以連接高速鐵路網(wǎng)絡(luò)。此處用不定式作目的狀語(yǔ), 故填to connect。 (5)考查名詞。句意:高鐵上的設(shè)施很新,工作人員受過(guò)良好的培訓(xùn)。所填空在句子中作主語(yǔ),根據(jù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞are 可知,主語(yǔ)應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填 facilities。 (6)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:通道很寬,你可以輕松地走動(dòng),而不會(huì)打擾任何人。句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是can move,故此處用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ),disturb與邏輯主語(yǔ)you是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語(yǔ)。故填disturbing 。 (7)考查介詞。句意:你可以使用手機(jī)或在筆記本電腦上工作,可以訪問(wèn)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。have access to固定短語(yǔ),“有使用/進(jìn)入….的權(quán)利/機(jī)會(huì)”。故填to。 (8)考查主謂一致。句意:還有一節(jié)餐車,盡管食物種類有限。句子主語(yǔ)的中心詞是the kinds, 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填 are。 (9)考查副詞。句意:高鐵也比飛機(jī)更少地受到天氣的影響。根據(jù)后面的than可知little 應(yīng)該用比較級(jí),little的比較級(jí)是less,最高級(jí)是least,故填less。 (10)考查代詞。句意:他們很少被推遲或因天氣原因被取消。否定副詞seldom置于句首,句子應(yīng)該用部分倒裝,將助動(dòng)詞are提前, 所填空為句子的主語(yǔ), 根據(jù)下一句they have bee the first choice可知應(yīng)填they指代上一句出現(xiàn)的the highspeed trains。故填they。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及形容詞,時(shí)態(tài),副詞,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,名詞,介詞,主謂一致,代詞等