【正文】 篇科普類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解 On December 26, 2004, hundreds of tourists relaxed on Sri Lanka39。s Yala National Park39。s beaches. But at midmorning the park39。s elephants began crying wildly and running away from the ocean and up a nearby hill. The puzzled keepers could tell the animals were worried about something but what? What the keepers did not know was that a 30foot wall of water was headed straight toward them. This tsunami(海嘯) had been caused by an earthquake more than 1, 000 miles away in the Indian Ocean. When the huge wave hit the coast, it caused severe damage. Many people died. The elephants, however, were not swept away by the water. They stood safely on the hill. Scientists have long suspected that animals sense natural disasters before humans do. People have told stories of dogs refusing to go outside and sharks swimming to deeper waters before a hurricane. After the 2004 tsunami, people said they saw tigers, monkeys, and water buffalo escaping to higher ground before the waters rushed in. Even in the hardesthit areas of southern Asia, there were few animal deaths. It39。s unlikely that an animal39。s socalled sixth sense es from some magical power to see into the future. Experts believe that animals may be more sensitive than humans to changes in temperature and other environmental conditions that take place before a natural disaster. The elephants in Sri Lanka, for example, may have picked up vibrations from within the Earth, a sign that earthquake was ing. Because vibrations in the ground travel much faster than an ocean wave, the elephants may have felt the earthquake that caused the tsunami well before the tsunami itself came to the coast. A few scientists are calling for a system to track reports of strange behavior in people39。s pets, hoping that these reports can serve as a warning system that a natural disaster is about to happen. But Marina Haynes, an animal behavior scientist at the Philadelphia Zoo, says, It would be an unreliable way to predict disasters. It can be difficult to know what an animal is doing. Is the animal nervous because an earthquake is about to happen or is it frightened because there is an enemy nearby?（1）What happened to the elephants in Yala National Park on December 26, 2004? A.They died in the natural disaster.B.They were disturbed by the tourists.C.They moved from the hill to the seaside.D.They behaved strangely before the tsunami.（2）The author supports his point of view in paragraph 3 mainly by . A.giving examplesB.making parisonsC.telling interesting storiesD.showing research findings（3）The underlined word vibrations in paragraph 4 means . A.changes in temperatureB.a kind of chemical powerC.continuous shaking movementD.serious environmental pollution（4）What may be Marina Haynes39。 attitude towards the warning system in the last paragraph? A.Positive.B.Doubtful.C.Hopeful.D.Supportive.【答案】 （1）D（2）A（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，長期以來，科學(xué)家們一直懷疑動(dòng)物比人類更能感知自然災(zāi)害。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“But at midmorning the park39。s elephants began crying wildly and running away from the ocean and up a nearby hill.”但在上午10點(diǎn)左右，公園里的大象開始狂呼亂叫，從海里跑開，爬上附近的一座小山。由此可知，2004年12月26日，亞拉國家公園的大象在海嘯前表現(xiàn)得很奇怪，故選D。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“People have told stories of dogs refusing to go outside and sharks swimming to deeper waters before a hurricane. After the 2004 tsunami, people said they saw tigers, monkeys, and water buffalo escaping to higher ground before the waters rushed in. Even in the hardesthit areas of southern Asia, there were few animal deaths.”人們講過這樣的故事:狗不愿出門，鯊魚在颶風(fēng)前游到較深的水域。在2004年的海嘯之后，人們說他們看到老虎、猴子和水牛在洪水涌入之前逃到地勢較高的地方。即使在受災(zāi)最嚴(yán)重的南亞地區(qū)，也很少有動(dòng)物死亡?？赏茢喑鲎髡咴诘谌沃饕ㄟ^舉例來支持自己的觀點(diǎn)，故選A。 （3）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第四段中的“Because vibrations in the ground travel much faster than an ocean wave, the elephants may have felt the earthquake that caused the tsunami well before the tsunami itself came to the coast.”由于地面的震動(dòng)比海浪的傳播速度快得多，大象可能早在海嘯到達(dá)海岸之前就已經(jīng)感受到引發(fā)海嘯的地震。由此可以推斷出vibrations意思是連續(xù)晃動(dòng)，故選C。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“But Marina Haynes, an animal behavior scientist at the Philadelphia Zoo, says,‘It would be an unreliable way to predict disasters. It can be difficult to know what an animal is doing. Is the animal nervous because an earthquake is about to happen or is it frightened because there is an enemy nearby?’但是費(fèi)城動(dòng)物園的動(dòng)物行為科學(xué)家Marina Haynes說:這是一種不可靠的預(yù)測災(zāi)難的方法。很難知道動(dòng)物在做什么。是因?yàn)榈卣鸺磳l(fā)生而感到緊張，還是因?yàn)楦浇袛橙硕械胶ε?由此推斷出，Marina Haynes在最后一段對(duì)這種預(yù)警系統(tǒng)持懷疑態(tài)度。故選B。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 Words and the way we use them offer a rare window on social and cultural trends. Kory Stamper and Peter Sokolowski know that better than most. The MerriamWebster(韋氏詞典) lexicographers(詞典編纂者) are part of a team that edits the dictionary. In a recent interview, Sokolowski and Stamper talked about their job and what the way we use words says about us collectively. So to know more about them, observers of the language, maybe we should start with some background. What is a lexicographer? Sokolowski: A lexicographer is a person who writes or edits a dictionary. The job of a dictionary editor is to prepare and present research about language. One of our former editorsin chief said, Tell the truth about words, and that sums it up for me. What do you guys do all day? Stamper: The two main duties of a lexicographer are reading and defining. We read everything: books, journals, blogs, phone books, takeout menus, and so on. What we39。re looking for are words that catch our eye. We record the context of these words and