【正文】 14年到2016年,全球電子競(jìng)技的觀眾數(shù)量增長(zhǎng)了43%,由此可知最后一段引用的數(shù)據(jù)就是為了表明Twitch產(chǎn)生的影響,故選C。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和段落大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解 It39。s mon knowledge that the woman in Leonardo da Vinci39。s most famous painting seems to look back at observers, following them with her eyes no matter where they stand in the room. But this mon knowledge turns out wrong. A new study finds that the woman in the painting is actually looking out at an angle that39。s degrees off to the observer39。s right173。well outside of the range that people normally believe when they think someone is looking right at them. In other words, said the study author, Horstmann, She39。s not looking at you. This is somewhat ironic, because the entire phenomenon of a person39。s gaze (凝視) in a photograph or painting seeming to follow the viewer is called the Mona Lisa effect . That effect is absolutely real, Horstmann said. If a person is illustrated or photographed looking straight ahead, even people viewing the portrait from an angle will feel they are being looked at. As long as the angle of the person39。s gaze is no more than about 5 degrees off to either side, the Mona Lisa effect occurs. This is important for human interaction with onscreen characters. If you want someone off to the right side of a room to feel that a person onscreen is looking at him or her, you don39。t cut the gaze of the character to that side173。surprisingly, doing so would make an observer feel like the character isn39。t looking at anyone in the room at all. Instead, you keep the gaze straight ahead. Horstmann and his coauthor were studying this effect for its application in the creation of artificialintelligence avatars(虛擬頭像) when Horstmann took a long look at the Mona Lisa and realized she wasn39。t looking at him. To make sure it wasn39。t just him, the researchers asked 24 people to view images of the Mona Lisa on a puter screen. They set a ruler between the viewer and the screen and asked the participants to note which number on the ruler intersected Mona Lisa39。s gaze. To calculate the angle of Mona Lisa39。s gaze as she looked at the viewer, they moved the ruler farther from or closer to the screen during the study. Consistently, the researchers found, participants judged that the woman in the Mona Lisa portrait was not looking straight at them, but slightly off to their right. So why do people repeat the belief that her eyes seem to follow the viewer? Horstmann isn39。t sure. It39。s possible, he said, that people have the desire to be looked at, so they think the woman is looking straight at them. Or maybe the people who first coined the term Mona Lisa effect just thought it was a cool name.（1）It is generally believed that the woman in the painting Mona Lisa . A.attracts the viewers to look backB.seems mysterious because of her eyesC.fixes her eyes on the back of the viewersD.looks at the viewers wherever they stand（2）What gaze range in a painting will cause the Mona Lisa effect? A.B.C.D.（3）The experiment involving 24 people was conducted to . A.confirm Horstmann39。s beliefB.create artificialintelligence avatarsC.calculate the angle of Mona Lisa39。s gazeD.explain how the Mona Lisa effect can be applied（4）What can we learn from the passage? A.Horstmann thinks it39。s cool to coin the term Mona Lisa effect.B.The Mona Lisa effect contributes to the creation of artificial intelligence.C.Feeling being gazed at by Mona Lisa may be caused by the desire for attention.D.The position of the ruler in the experiment will influence the viewers39。 judgement.【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）A（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，眾所周知列奧納多達(dá)芬奇最著名的畫(huà)作中的女人，無(wú)論站在房間的哪個(gè)角落，似乎都會(huì)回頭看著觀察者，用她的眼睛跟隨他們。一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)這一常識(shí)是錯(cuò)誤的，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)人們有被蒙娜麗莎凝視的感覺(jué)可能是因?yàn)槿藗兛释魂P(guān)注。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“It39。s mon knowledge that the woman in Leonardo da Vinci39。s most famous painting seems to look back at observers, following them with her eyes no matter where they stand in the room.”眾所周知，列奧納多達(dá)芬奇最著名的畫(huà)作中的女人，無(wú)論站在房間的哪個(gè)角落，似乎都會(huì)回頭看著觀察者，用她的眼睛跟隨他們?？芍藗兤毡檎J(rèn)為，《蒙娜麗莎》中的女人無(wú)論站在哪里都會(huì)看著觀眾。故選D。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“As long as the angle of the person39。s gaze is no more than about 5 degrees off to either side, the Mona Lisa effect occurs.”只要這個(gè)人的凝視角度不超過(guò)5度左右，就會(huì)出現(xiàn)蒙娜麗莎效應(yīng)?？芍灰暯嵌炔怀^(guò)5度左右，就會(huì)出現(xiàn)蒙娜麗莎效應(yīng)。故選B。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“To make sure it wasn39。t just him, the researchers asked 24 people to view images of the Mona Lisa on a puter screen.”為了確保不僅僅是他，研究人員讓24個(gè)人在電腦屏幕上觀看蒙娜麗莎 的圖像?？芍芯咳藛T對(duì)24人進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)是為了證實(shí)霍斯特曼的觀點(diǎn)。故選A。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“It39。s possible, he said, that people have the desire to be looked at, so they think the woman is looking straight at them.”他說(shuō)，人們有被注視的欲望是可能的，所以他們認(rèn)為女人在直視他們?？赏浦藗冇斜幻赡塞惿暤母杏X(jué)可能是因?yàn)槿藗兛释魂P(guān)注。故選C。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 Hacking isn39。t just for puters and smart phones. According to a study, scientists have found a way to hack a plant39。s genes in order to make it use sunlight more quickly. Someday, the results could increase the number of food produced around the world. Scientists used tobacco plants in the study because it is easy to change the plants39。 genes. Hacked plants are larger than normal plants. Photosynthesis is the word used to describe how plants use sunlight, water and carbon dioxide to make their own food. Scientists say this is a very slow process. Plants use less than 1 percent of the energy. But by hacking a plant39。s genes, the scientists were able to increase the amount of leaf growth on plants between 14 and 20 percent. Scientists hacked the plant39。s protective system. Normally, this system starts when a plant gets too much sunlight. When the plant senses the light, it creates more leaves. When the plant is in shade, the protective system is turned off. But the process is slow. The new study sped up the process by changing the plant39。s genes, the protective system turned on and off more quickly than normal. As a result, leaf growth on the plants scientists used in the study increased. Leaf growth