【正文】 B.Be inferior toC.Be similar toD.Be related to（3）Which of the following jobs is the most likely to be replaced? A.The writer.B.The shop assistant.C.The babysitter.D.The psychologist.（4）Which of the following suggestions can the author give about job replacement of AI? A.Limit the application of AI to a certain degree.B.Get more support from the government.C.Apply for the donation from panies.D.Upgrade people39。s professional skills all the time.【答案】 （1）A（2）A（3）B（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，人工智能有取代人類工作的潛力,但是,并非所有工作都會(huì)被人工智能取代,有四種類型的工作完全沒(méi)有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。因此,在人工智能時(shí)代人類仍然會(huì)有工作,關(guān)鍵必須是對(duì)勞動(dòng)力進(jìn)行再培訓(xùn),這樣人們才能從事這些工作。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段可知一個(gè)名叫奈杰爾理查茲（Nigel Richards）的人在短短九周內(nèi)記住了《法國(guó)拼字游戲詞典》中的386,000個(gè)單詞。但是,他不會(huì)說(shuō)法語(yǔ)。其展示了人工智能是如何工作的。而后文主要與人工智能有關(guān),由此推斷作者寫(xiě)第一段的目的是引出人工智能這個(gè)話題。故選A。 （2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第二段中的“Because AI can outperform humans at routine tasks—provided the task is in one field with a lot of data”可知AI可以在日常任務(wù)中outperform人類（前提是該任務(wù)在一個(gè)涉及到大量數(shù)據(jù)的領(lǐng)域中；以及“it is technically capable of replacing hundreds of millions of white and blue collar jobs in the next 15 years or so.”可知從技術(shù)上講,人工智能具有在未來(lái)大約15年里取代成千上萬(wàn)的白領(lǐng)和藍(lán)領(lǐng)工作的能力。結(jié)合下文推斷人工智能能夠具有取代人類的工作是因?yàn)锳I在日常任務(wù)中表現(xiàn)超過(guò)了人類,劃線詞的意思是勝過(guò),超過(guò),故選A。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“First, there are creative jobs. AI needs to be given a goal to optimize. It cannot invent, like scientists, novelists and artists can.”可知四種類型的工作完全沒(méi)有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。首先,有創(chuàng)造性的工作。人工智能不可能像科學(xué)家,小說(shuō)家和藝術(shù)家那樣進(jìn)行發(fā)明創(chuàng)造。也就是作家和科學(xué)家不會(huì)被取代。排除A；再根據(jù)第四段中的“as the fourth type is much larger: jobs where emotions are needed, such as teachers, nannies and doctors.”可知需要情感的工作,例如老師,保姆和醫(yī)生也不大可能被取代,因此排除C和D。故選B。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“So there will still be jobs in the age of AI. The key then must be retraining the workforce so people can do them.” 可知作者認(rèn)為在AI時(shí)代仍然會(huì)有工作,關(guān)鍵必須是對(duì)勞動(dòng)力進(jìn)行再培訓(xùn),這樣人們才能從事這些工作。進(jìn)行培訓(xùn)是為了得到專業(yè)技能,由此推斷作者會(huì)給出一直提升人們的專業(yè)技能的建議,故選D。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解 In 1953, a mountain climber reported seeing a barheaded goose soar over the peak of Mount Everest (珠穆朗瑪). It was thought impossible. Now researchers who raised 19 of the geese—named for the black stripes on the backs of their heads—have shown the birds really fly so high. The team trained the youngsters to fly in a large wind tunnel wearing backpacks and face masks full of sensors that recorded their heart rate. blood oxygen levels, temperature, and metabolic rate—how many calories they burned per hour. The researchers simulated(模擬)10w, medium, and highaltitude conditions by altering the concentration of oxygen supplied to face masks worn by each goose as it flew in the tunnel. Birds already have a better heart and lungs than mammals for sustained physical activity. And researchers knew that barheaded geese have even larger, thinner lungs that let them breathe more deeply and an even bigger heart to pump more oxygen to muscles than other birds. The wind tunnel experiments showed that when the concentration of oxygen was at its lowestlike the 7% found on top of Mount Everest versus 21% at sea level—the geese39。s heart rate and frequency of wing beats remained the same even as their metabolic rate dropped. Somehow, the birds managed to cool down their bloodthe measured blood temperature dropped so it could take in more oxygen, the researchers report today in eLife. This cooling likely helps pensate for the very thin air, the team says. Although well trained, the birds were only willing to stay in the air a few minutesor less when wearing their backpacks and flying at 6ihigh altitudes. So it39。s not clear whether these adaptations alone are what make it possible to fly the 8 hours it takes to climb over Mount Everest. But those few minutes showed these geese really could fly over the top of Mount Everest.（1）Why did the researchers raise 19 barheaded geese and train them? A.To test the flying height and speed of them.B.To confirm they could fly over Mount Everest.C.To observe them flying through the wind tunnel.D.To see how many calories they burned per hour.（2）What can we learn from the wind tunnel experiment? A.It was carried out at very high altitude.B.The geese managed to breathe less when their blood decreased.C.The geese could live through the lowest concentration of oxygen.D.It shows the geese could fly at high altitude for long.（3）What still puzzles scientists about the geese? A.Whether they have super hearts and lungs.B.Whether they have muscles pumped more oxygen to.C.Whether they are willing to wear backpacks and face masks.D.Whether they can manage to fly 8 hours to climb over Mount Everest.（4）Where does the text most probably e from? A.A science fiction.B.A climbing guide.C.A travel brochure.D.A science report.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）D（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，登山者報(bào)告說(shuō)看到一只長(zhǎng)頸鵝翱翔在珠穆朗瑪峰的頂峰，為了確認(rèn)其真實(shí)性，研究人員養(yǎng)了18只這種鵝，在大型風(fēng)洞中訓(xùn)練它們飛行。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)這種鵝可以在氧氣極低的情況下飛行，但停留時(shí)間只有幾分鐘，因此能否飛過(guò)珠峰尚不明確。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的In 1953, a mountain climber reported seeing a barheaded goose soar over the peak of Mount Everest. It was thought impossible. 報(bào)道說(shuō)，一名登山者看到一只斑頭鵝飛過(guò)珠穆朗瑪峰。人們認(rèn)為這是不可能的；以及 Now researchers who raised 19 of the geesenamed for the black stripes on the backs of their headshave shown the birds really fly so high.現(xiàn)在研究人員飼養(yǎng)了這種鵝，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)這些鵝真的飛得很高。再根據(jù)最后一段中的So it39。s not clear whether these adaptations alone are what make it possible to fly the 8 hours it takes to climb over Mount Everest. But those few minutes showed these geese really could fly over the top of Mount Everest.但是否能讓這種鵝飛8小時(shí)爬上珠穆朗瑪峰尚不清楚。由此可推斷出研究人員飼養(yǎng)這種鵝是為了證實(shí)這種鵝是否能飛過(guò)珠峰。故選B。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的The wind tunnel experiments showed that when the concentration of oxygen ...the geese39。s heart rate and frequency of wing beats remained the same even as their metabolic rate dropped....the researchers report today in elife. This cooling likely helps p可知 風(fēng)洞實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，當(dāng)氧氣濃度最低時(shí)，鵝的心率和翅膀搏動(dòng)頻率保持不變，即使它們