【正文】 0。A cave house is usually six meters deep and four meters wide. Stoneslabs (厚板) ________(pile) up to form a semicircle at the entrance, ________ is decorated with beautiful wood or metal windows in a ________ (vary) of styles. The types of the cave dwelling can be divided into the earth cave dwelling, brick cave dwelling ________ stone dwelling. For centuries, they have been regarded ________the symbol of the peasants in northern part of Shaanxi Province. The beauty about the cave dwelling is ________they help maintain local geography and save on farmlands by ________ (make) use of space that would have been otherwise left unused. They are warm in winter and cool in summer. The temperature inside is usually 13 degrees Celsius higher than in the open in winter and 10 degrees Celsius ________ (low) in summer. Statistics show that 40 million people live in cave dwellings that are scattered over an area of 600,000 square kilometers in ________ middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.【答案】 dug；are piled；which；variety；and；as；that；making；lower；the 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了延安窯洞的地理位置、建筑風(fēng)格及給當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裆顜?lái)的益處。 （1）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：這是一種頗具特點(diǎn)在山里挖出的洞屋，用作西北黃土高原農(nóng)民工的棲息之地。house與dig之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，使用過(guò)去分詞dug。故填dug。 （2）考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：厚石板堆積形成入口處的半圓，入口處裝飾著漂亮的木頭和各式各樣的金屬窗戶。通過(guò)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，主句為“Stoneslabs (厚板)________(pile) up to form a semicircle at the entrance”，主句中存在不定式to form，stonelabs與pile之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且stonelabs為復(fù)數(shù)，因此橫線上需填入被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式are piled。故填are piled。 （3）考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：厚石板堆積形成入口處的半圓，入口處裝飾著漂亮的木頭和各式各樣的金屬窗戶。此句為定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為橫線前的一句話，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)填入關(guān)系代詞which。故填which。 （4）考查名詞。句意：入口處裝飾著漂亮的木頭和各式各樣的金屬窗戶。a variety of固定短語(yǔ)，“各種各樣的”，故填variety。 （5）考查連詞。句意：窯洞的類型分為土溶洞、磚溶洞和石溶洞。stone dwelling與earth cave dwelling , brick cave dwelling互為并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用并列連詞and。故填and。 （6）考查介詞。句意：幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)，它們一直被視為陜西省北部農(nóng)民的象征。be regarded as動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，“被視為”，故填as。 （7）考查表語(yǔ)從句。句意：窯洞之美在于它們有助于保持當(dāng)?shù)氐牡乩砬闆r。通過(guò)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此句為表語(yǔ)從句，且從句中不缺少任何成分應(yīng)使用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)。故填that。 （8）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：通過(guò)利用原本閑置的空間來(lái)節(jié)約耕地。介詞by后接名詞，題中所給詞性為動(dòng)詞make，因此需使用make的動(dòng)名詞形式making。故填making。 （9）考查形容詞。句意：室內(nèi)溫度通常比冬天室外高13攝氏度，比夏天室外低10攝氏度。通過(guò)語(yǔ)境翻譯可知，橫線處意為“比…低”，使用low的比較級(jí)lower。故填lower。 （10）考查冠詞。句意：據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，黃河中上游地區(qū)約有4000萬(wàn)人居住在窯洞中，窯洞面積約60萬(wàn)平方公里分布于黃河中上游地區(qū)?！癷n ________ middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.”作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，表示特指中上游地帶，應(yīng)使用定冠詞，故填the。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)，定語(yǔ)從句，名詞，連詞，介詞，表語(yǔ)從句，形容詞以及冠詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫(xiě)出正確的單詞形式。 11．閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)單詞或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Chopsticks, or kuaizi in Chinese, ________ (be) a pair of small equal length sticks, usually made of wood, ________( use) for eating Asian food It is believed the first chopsticks ________ (develop) over 5,000 years ago in China. The ________(early) evidence of a pair of chopsticks made out of bronze was excavated (出土) from the Ruins of Yin near Anyang, Henan province，dating back to roughly 1,200 BC. Chopsticks play, ________important role in Chinese food culture. Chinese chopsticks are usually 9 to 10 inches long and rectangular with a blunt (鈍的) end. They are round on the eating end ________symbolizes heaven, and the other end is square which symbolizes earth. This is because________(maintain) an adequate food supply is the greatest concern between heaven and earth. There is an old Chinese custom making chopsticks part of a girl39。s dowry, since the ________(pronounce) of kuaizi is similar to the words for quick and son.Chopsticks are ________(frequent) used in daily life. They have bee more than a kind of tableware and have established a set of etiquette (禮儀) and customs ________their own.【答案】 are；used；were developed；earliest；an；that／which；maintaining；pronunciation；frequently；of 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，講述了筷子在我國(guó)的歷史、作用和文化意義。 （1）考查時(shí)態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)下文的is判斷為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)chopsticks是復(fù)數(shù)，故填are。 （2）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作后置定語(yǔ)，use和邏輯主語(yǔ)sticks之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用去過(guò)分詞，填used。 （3）考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是主語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)over 5,000 years ago判斷為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主語(yǔ)chopsticks和develop之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)chopsticks是復(fù)數(shù)，故填were developed。 （4）考查形容詞。此處應(yīng)填形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞evidence，結(jié)合句意可知此處意為“最早的證據(jù)”故用最高級(jí)，故填earliest。 （5）考查冠詞。play a role in固定短語(yǔ)，“在……中起作用”，又important是元音音素開(kāi)頭，故填an。 （6）考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是限定性定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞，先行詞they(指物)在從句__6___symbolizes heaven中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系代詞，填that/which。 （7）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)填maintain的動(dòng)名詞形式作為表語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)，故填maintaining。 （8）考查名詞。此處應(yīng)填名詞作為原因狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)，結(jié)合上下文可知此處意為“筷子的發(fā)音”，“發(fā)音”是pronunciation，故填pronunciation。 （9）考查副詞，此處應(yīng)填副詞修飾動(dòng)詞are used，故填frequently。 （10）考查介詞。of one39。s own固定短語(yǔ)，“某人自己的”，故填of。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及時(shí)態(tài)，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)，形容詞，冠詞，定語(yǔ)從句，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，名詞，副詞以及介詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫(xiě)出正確的單詞形式。12．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 When in 1984 I. M. Pei, then the most soughtafter architect in America, ________ (present) his plans for a 70foot glass pyramid in the 18thcentury courtyard of the Louvre, the general________(react) was anger. Because Mr. Pei was ChineseAmerican, he________ (apparent) had no under standing of the Louvre, or Paris, or France. However, these remarks did not annoy him. With quick enthusiasm and wide smiles, he took them. He had been asked to design ________new entrance for the museum and________ everyone39。s surprise, instead of adding on some concrete block, he had created a great weling space: put a winding staircase underground and capped it with a ray of light ________did not hurt the old facades(外墻). When he was a child, his imagination ________( shape) by his family39。s ancient gardens at Suzhou in Jiangsu. There, he would wander winding________(path) through fantastic rocks towards pavilions (亭子), unconsciously ________ (absorb) the beauty of the surroundings. Mr. Pei built a hotel plex at Fragrant Hill outside Beijing, after returning to China in 1974. He regarded this as a chance________ (bring) the Chinese away from their dull eastern European blocks and back to the domestic traditions they had lost.【答案】 presented；reaction；apparently；a；to；which/that；was shaped；paths；absorbing；to bring 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，記敘了美籍華人建筑師貝聿銘設(shè)計(jì)盧浮宮玻璃金字塔的過(guò)程。 （1）考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：1984年，當(dāng)美國(guó)最受歡迎的建筑師貝聿銘提出了在盧浮宮18世紀(jì)的庭院里建造一座70英尺高的玻璃金字塔計(jì)劃的時(shí)候