【正文】
基礎上,進一步根據上下文的邏輯關系,并結合相關語法知識,進行分析推理,從而寫出正確的單詞形式。 9.閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式(每空至多3詞)。 The cave dwelling (Yaodong in Chinese) in Xi39。an , Shaanxi Province, is laid out in rows one atop the other, looking like buildings of multiple floors in the distance . It is a sort of distinctive cave house ________ (dig) into the mountains for dwelling of many laboring people on the Loess Plateau in northwest China. A cave house is usually six meters deep and four meters wide. Stoneslabs (厚板) ________(pile) up to form a semicircle at the entrance, ________ is decorated with beautiful wood or metal windows in a ________ (vary) of styles. The types of the cave dwelling can be divided into the earth cave dwelling, brick cave dwelling ________ stone dwelling. For centuries, they have been regarded ________the symbol of the peasants in northern part of Shaanxi Province. The beauty about the cave dwelling is ________they help maintain local geography and save on farmlands by ________ (make) use of space that would have been otherwise left unused. They are warm in winter and cool in summer. The temperature inside is usually 13 degrees Celsius higher than in the open in winter and 10 degrees Celsius ________ (low) in summer. Statistics show that 40 million people live in cave dwellings that are scattered over an area of 600,000 square kilometers in ________ middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.【答案】 dug;are piled;which;variety;and;as;that;making;lower;the 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,介紹了延安窯洞的地理位置、建筑風格及給當地居民生活帶來的益處。 (1)考查非謂語動詞。句意:這是一種頗具特點在山里挖出的洞屋,用作西北黃土高原農民工的棲息之地。house與dig之間為被動關系,使用過去分詞dug。故填dug。 (2)考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:厚石板堆積形成入口處的半圓,入口處裝飾著漂亮的木頭和各式各樣的金屬窗戶。通過分析句子結構可知,主句為“Stoneslabs (厚板)________(pile) up to form a semicircle at the entrance”,主句中存在不定式to form,stonelabs與pile之間為被動關系,且stonelabs為復數,因此橫線上需填入被動語態(tài)形式are piled。故填are piled。 (3)考查定語從句。句意:厚石板堆積形成入口處的半圓,入口處裝飾著漂亮的木頭和各式各樣的金屬窗戶。此句為定語從句,先行詞為橫線前的一句話,在從句中作主語,應填入關系代詞which。故填which。 (4)考查名詞。句意:入口處裝飾著漂亮的木頭和各式各樣的金屬窗戶。a variety of固定短語,“各種各樣的”,故填variety。 (5)考查連詞。句意:窯洞的類型分為土溶洞、磚溶洞和石溶洞。stone dwelling與earth cave dwelling , brick cave dwelling互為并列關系,應使用并列連詞and。故填and。 (6)考查介詞。句意:幾個世紀以來,它們一直被視為陜西省北部農民的象征。be regarded as動詞短語,“被視為”,故填as。 (7)考查表語從句。句意:窯洞之美在于它們有助于保持當地的地理情況。通過分析句子結構可知此句為表語從句,且從句中不缺少任何成分應使用關系代詞that引導。故填that。 (8)考查非謂語動詞。句意:通過利用原本閑置的空間來節(jié)約耕地。介詞by后接名詞,題中所給詞性為動詞make,因此需使用make的動名詞形式making。故填making。 (9)考查形容詞。句意:室內溫度通常比冬天室外高13攝氏度,比夏天室外低10攝氏度。通過語境翻譯可知,橫線處意為“比…低”,使用low的比較級lower。故填lower。 (10)考查冠詞。句意:據統(tǒng)計,黃河中上游地區(qū)約有4000萬人居住在窯洞中,窯洞面積約60萬平方公里分布于黃河中上游地區(qū)?!癷n ________ middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.”作地點狀語,表示特指中上游地帶,應使用定冠詞,故填the。 【點評】本題考點涉及非謂語動詞,時態(tài)語態(tài),定語從句,名詞,連詞,介詞,表語從句,形容詞以及冠詞等多個知識點的考查,是一篇文化類閱讀,要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎上,進一步根據上下文的邏輯關系,并結合相關語法知識,進行分析推理,從而寫出正確的單詞形式。 10.閱讀短文內容,在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。 Since Brad Ryan began to take grandma Joy on trips to the breathtaking landscapes of America, they ________ (go) through dozens of crosscountry adventures. In 2015, Brad Ryan visited his 85yearold grandma ________ (live) a simple life on her own, and then he hoped that spending some quality family time with her would help to lift her spirits. When he told ________ (story) of his travels to his grandma, she regretted not seeing more of the world. Then Ryan invited his grandma ________ (hike) with him, and she accepted his idea ________ (cheerful). From then on, the pair travelled to 29 National Parks in total, and had many adventures along the way, ________ has even affected his way of life. Life for her now is a lot ________ (rich). It was the look in her eyes that impressed me a lot. Ryan said, I love my grandma. She has taught me how to live, I39。ve learned to slow down and see the world in ________ different way. There are so many viewpoints and knowledge we can gain ________ our elders. Even if some day she does pass away, I can go back to these places to feel her spirit and feel ________ (connect) to her.【答案】 have gone;living;stories;to hike;cheerfully;which;richer;a;from;connected 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文,Brad Ryan和Joy奶奶一起去美國那些令人驚嘆的地方旅行,Ryan說奶奶教會了他用如何生活,學會了慢下來,用不同的方式看世界。 (1)考查時態(tài)。句意:自從Brad Ryan開始帶著喬伊奶奶去美國那些令人驚嘆的地方旅行以來,他們已經經歷了幾十次越野冒險。根據上文“Since Brad Ryan began to take grandma Joy on trips to the breathtaking landscapes of America”可知,應用現在完成時,主語為they,助動詞用have。故填have gone。 (2)考查非謂語動詞。句意:2015年, Brad Ryan看望了自己過著簡單生活的85歲高齡的奶奶,他希望和她共度一段美好的家庭時光能幫助她振作起來。分析句子結構可知live在句中做非謂語動詞,與邏輯主語grandma構成主動關系,應用現在分詞。故填living。 (3)考查名詞。句意:當他向祖母講述他旅行的故事時,她后悔沒有多看看這個世界。story為可數名詞,前面沒有冠詞,應用復數形式。故填stories。 (4)考查非謂語動詞。句意:然后,瑞安邀請他的奶奶和他一起去遠足,她欣然接受了他的想法。invite sb. to do ,“邀請某人做某事”。故填to hike。 (5)考查副詞。句意:然后,瑞安邀請他的奶奶和他一起去遠足,她欣然接受了他的想法。修飾動詞accept應用副詞。故填cheerfully。 (6)考查定語從句。句意:從那以后,他們一起去了29個國家公園,一路上經歷了很多冒險,甚至影響了他的生活。本句為非限定性定語從句修飾上文整個句子,且從句中缺少主語。故填which。 (7)考查形容詞。句意:現在她的生活豐富多了。結合句意表示“更加豐富”應用形容詞比較級,故填richer。 (8)考查冠詞。句意:她教我如何生活,我學會了慢下來,用不同的方式看世界。in a different way固定短語,“用一種不同的方式”。故填a。 (9)考查介詞。句意:我們可以從長輩那里獲得很多觀點和知識。結合句意表示“從……”應用介詞from。故填from。 (10)考查形容詞。句意:即使有一天她真的去世了,我也可以回到這些地方去感受她的精神,感受和她的聯系。根據上文feel為系動詞可知,應填形容詞作表語,故填connected。 【點評】本題考點涉及時態(tài),非謂語動詞,名詞,副詞,定語從句,形容詞,冠詞以及介詞等多個知識點的考查,是一篇故事類閱讀,要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎上,進一步根據上下文的邏輯關系,并結合相關語法知識,進行分析推理,從而寫出正確的單詞形式。