【正文】
ls(礦物質(zhì)). It can take tens of thousands of years to form. But now we are using sand more________(quick) than it is being formed. According to the BBC, we use about 15 billion tons of sand every year ________build houses, roads and other things. People also put sand in the________[si:] to make new islands. For example, the Palm islands are made up of three________[lɑ?d?] manmade islands in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. In 2010, they ________(take) 94 million cubic meters of sand to build. If people keep________(use) this much sand, it will run out in many places. For example, Vietnam may run out of construction sand by 2020, Live Science noted. ________[sins] people need so much sand, they are trying to mine(開采) more of it. But this is bad for the environment. Mining sand may ________beaches to disappear and more floods to happen in places close to the sea. Also, this may affect the habitats (棲息地) of many plants and animals.【答案】 it;pieces;quickly;to;sea;large;took;using;Since;cause 【解析】【分析】大意:本文主要介紹了沙子這種常見的景觀。 (1)句意:然而,聯(lián)合國(guó)說(shuō),沙子并不是無(wú)限的,我們有可能會(huì)用完它們。run out of“用完,用盡”的意思。這里用it來(lái)指代上文的沙子(sand是不可數(shù)名詞)。故答案為:it。 (2)句意:沙子由非常小的巖石、土壤和礦物質(zhì)組成。根據(jù)rock, soil and minerals(礦物質(zhì))可知,這是幾種成分,因此piece用復(fù)數(shù)pieces。故答案為:pieces。 (3)句意:但現(xiàn)在我們使用沙子的速度比它形成的速度要快。根據(jù)副詞修飾動(dòng)詞可知,此處應(yīng)用形容詞quick的副詞形式quickly修飾動(dòng)詞use“使用”。故答案為:quickly。 (4)句意:據(jù)英國(guó)廣播公司報(bào)道,我們每年用大約150億噸沙子建造房屋、道路和其他東西。根據(jù)固定搭配 use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某物,可知此處用動(dòng)詞不定式to do做目的狀語(yǔ)。故答案為:to。 (5)句意:人們還把沙子放進(jìn)海里,制造新的島嶼。由語(yǔ)境和音標(biāo)[si:]提示可知,填:sea。故答案為:sea。 (6)句意:例如,棕櫚島由阿拉伯聯(lián)合酋長(zhǎng)國(guó)迪拜的三個(gè)大型人工島嶼組成的。由語(yǔ)境和音標(biāo)[lɑ?d?]提示可知,填:large,three large manmade islands三個(gè)大型的人工島嶼。故答案為:large。 (7)句意:2010年,他們用9400萬(wàn)立方米的沙子建造。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)In 2010可知,本題的時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。動(dòng)詞take的過(guò)去式為took。故答案為:took。 (8)句意:如果人們繼續(xù)使用這么多沙子,它會(huì)在很多地方用完。根據(jù)固定搭配keep doing sth. 繼續(xù)做某事,可知此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞use的動(dòng)名詞為using。故答案為:using。 (9)句意:由于人們需要這么多沙子,他們正試圖開采更多的沙子。由語(yǔ)境和音標(biāo) [sins] 提示可知,填:since,表自……以來(lái)、因?yàn)?、由于。句首單詞首字母要大寫。故答案為:Since。 (10)句意:開采沙可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致海灘消失,在靠近大海的地方會(huì)發(fā)生更多的洪水。根據(jù)beaches to disappear and more floods to happen in places close to the sea海灘消失,在靠近大海的地方會(huì)發(fā)生更多的洪水,可知這些是開采沙所導(dǎo)致的后果,因此填:cause。may是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,后跟動(dòng)詞原形。故答案為:cause。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查語(yǔ)法填空,注意根據(jù)單詞在語(yǔ)境中的詞性進(jìn)行必要的變形,同時(shí)熟記固定搭配和基本句型。10.閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~,或填入括號(hào)中所給單詞的正確形式。 Food waste is a world39。s problem. Every year, about billion tons, or onethird of all the food produced is thrown away, according to a survey. ________(use)just 25 percent of that wasted food could feed 870 million hungry people, which would end world hunger. The people of France wasted 234 pounds of food per person, which is much better than some other________(country). In the past, France wasn39。t________at controlling food waste, but now the country takes the lead. A law was________(make) by French government. It made France the first country in the world to prevent supermarkets from________(throw) away unused food. Now supermarkets of a certain size must donate unused food, or they will face a fine. ________are other rules requiring schools to teach students about food sustainability (可持續(xù)性).They also ask panies to report the food waste numbers in their environmental reports. And restaurants should provide takeout bags. These laws make it a standard to reduce waste. says Marie Mourad, a student in Paris who has ________(write) several reports on French food waste. France is not the country that wastes the least food, ________Frenchmen have bee the most active because they want to be the example in Europe.39。* This step has influenced parts of French food industry. It is everyone39。s duty to fight ________food waste. Everyone on the earth should ________attention and take action.【答案】 Using;countries;good;made;throwing;There;written;but;against;pay 【解析】【分析】本文介紹了食物浪費(fèi)的問(wèn)題。 (1)句意:僅用這些浪費(fèi)食物的25%,這將結(jié)束世界的饑餓。use是動(dòng)詞,使用,位于句首,用動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ),故填 Using。 (2)句意:法國(guó)人民每人浪費(fèi)了234磅食物,比其他一些國(guó)家要好得多。country是名詞,國(guó)家,some other+名詞復(fù)數(shù),一些其他的......,故填 countries。 (3)句意:過(guò)去,法國(guó)并不擅長(zhǎng)控制食物垃圾,但現(xiàn)在這個(gè)國(guó)家在這方面處于領(lǐng)先地位。be good at,固定搭配,擅長(zhǎng),故填 good。 (4)句意:法國(guó)政府制定了一項(xiàng)法律。根據(jù)助動(dòng)詞was可知此處是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),動(dòng)詞make的過(guò)去分詞是made,制作,故填 made。 (5)句意:它使法國(guó)成為世界上第一個(gè)防止超市丟棄不用的食品的國(guó)家。from是介詞,其后是動(dòng)名詞,throw是動(dòng)詞,扔,故填 throwing。 (6)句意:還有其他的規(guī)定要求學(xué)校教學(xué)生食物可持續(xù)性 。根據(jù)are可知,此處是there be句型,有,故填 There。 (7)句意:巴黎的一位學(xué)生,寫過(guò)幾篇關(guān)于法國(guó)食物垃圾的報(bào)道。根據(jù)助動(dòng)詞has可知此處是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),故填過(guò)去分詞,write是動(dòng)詞,其過(guò)去分詞是written,故填 written。 (8)句意:法國(guó)不是一個(gè)浪費(fèi)最少食物的國(guó)家,但是法國(guó)人之所以成為最活躍的國(guó)家,是因?yàn)樗麄兿氤蔀闅W洲的榜樣。根據(jù) France is not the country that wastes the least food,和Frenchmen have bee the most active,可知此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故填轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but,但是 , 故填 but。 (9)句意:與食物浪費(fèi)作斗爭(zhēng)是每個(gè)人的責(zé)任。fight against,固定搭配, 與……作斗爭(zhēng) ,故填 against。 (10)句意:地球上的每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該注意并采取行動(dòng)。pay attention,固定搭配,主語(yǔ),should是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,其后是動(dòng)詞原形,故填 pay。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查語(yǔ)言綜合運(yùn)用能力,注意謂語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)態(tài),非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,詞性,連詞搭配等多種用法。