【正文】 （3）D（4）D（5）C 【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介紹了避免脖子疼痛的辦法。 （1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段 This will often depend on how high your chair is，so adjust （調(diào)整） it in time to achieve good results. .這通常取決于你的椅子多高，所以為了取得好結(jié)果調(diào)整它，可知此處it指代的是上半句的chair椅子。故選B。 （2）詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下文 Sitting in one position for long periods of time is nor healthy. 用一個(gè)姿勢坐很長一段時(shí)間是不健康的，可知要經(jīng)常改變姿勢，因此posture意為“姿勢”。故選A。 （3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段 Exercise . Find something—swimming, running or climbing—that makes you excited and feel alive. 運(yùn)動。找一些——游泳、跑步或攀爬，能讓你興奮和感覺有活力的運(yùn)動，可知像游泳或者跑步之類的運(yùn)動可以避免脖子酸痛。故選D。 （4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段 If you know you39。ve done something that puts you a risk, massage （按摩） your neck , do it with different exercises and take a warm bath before bed. 如果你知道你已經(jīng)做了某些把自己置于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之中的事，你可以按摩你的背，做不通的運(yùn)動，以及在睡覺前泡一個(gè)溫水澡，而不是長時(shí)間看手機(jī)。故選D。 （5）主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，短文主要介紹了如何避免脖子疼痛。故選C。 【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題三種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。8．閱讀下列短文，從文后每小題A、B、C選項(xiàng)中選擇最佳答案。 We know people can be nice, but what about animals? Scientists say that some animals are capable（有能力的）of being nice. Animals that live in groupslike foxes, chimpanzees（大猩猩）, and elephantsfollow rules. They have to follow rules to get along and to survive（生存）. However, animals can act nicely, even when they don39。t have to. Here are some surprising stories about animal behavior. Most people usually walk away when someone is unkind to them. Marc Bekoff, a researcher at the University of Colorado, saw a female（母的）red fox do just that. The female fox was unhappy because a male（公的）fox played roughly（粗魯?shù)兀﹚ith her. When she walked away, the male fox showed her that he wanted to play nicely. He lowered his head and rolled on his back. The female fox gave him another chance, and this time, he played more gently. Geza Teleki is a scientist who studies chimpanzees in Tanzania. One day, Teleki hiked far away from his campsite. He didn39。t have any food. Teleki wanted some fruit from a tree, but the tree was too tall. A young chimpanzee watched him curiously as he tried to get something to eat. The chimpanzee climbed the tree, picked the fruit, and gave it to him! An elephant in Kenya hurt his trunk（象鼻子）. He needed help because he couldn39。t put food into his mouth. Researcher Kayhan Ostovar watched silently. He saw the hurt elephant show his sore trunk to a healthy elephant. The healthy elephant didn39。t need any more information. He took a bush and put it carefully into his new friend39。s mouth. Hippos（河馬）and crocodiles are usually good friends. They hang out together in rivers. But Karen Paolillo, a wildlife expert in Zimbabwe, saw something surprising. One day, a crocodile tried to eat a monkey that was next to a river. A hippo ran quickly to the crocodile and chased it away. Why did the hippo attack（攻擊）the crocodile? Paolillo says hippos sometimes protect other animals from crocodiles. （1）The main idea of the passage is . A.animals that live in groups follow rulesB.some animals can be nice to other animalsC.most animals are nice to people（2）The underlined phrase do just that means . A.be niceB.play roughlyC.walk away（3）We can say that Teleki . A.is shortB.hates hikingC.could not climb the tree（4）The elephant needed help because . A.the tree was too tallB.it could not use its trunkC.it had no food（5）The underlined word it in the last paragraph refers to . A.the crocodileB.the chimpanzeeC.the monkey【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）C（4）B（5）A 【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要通過科學(xué)家對大猩猩和大象等動物的研究，說明了有些動物是有友善待人/其他動物的能力的。 （1）主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段 Scientists say that some animals are capable（有能力的）of being nice. 科學(xué)家說，一些動物是能夠友善待人/其他動物的，可知本文的主旨是一些動物是能夠友善對待其他動物的。故選B。 （2）推斷題。根據(jù)上文 Most people usually walk away when someone is unkind to them. 大多數(shù)人通常在某人對他們不友好的時(shí)候走開，可知?jiǎng)澗€部分 do just that那樣做，指的是也走開。故選C。 （3）推斷題。根據(jù)第四段 Teleki wanted some fruit from a tree, but the tree was too tall. Teleki想要從樹上摘一些水果，但是樹太高了，因此我們可以推斷Teleki不會爬樹。故選C。 （4）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段 An elephant in Kenya hurt his trunk（象鼻子）. 可知，那只大象需要幫助是因?yàn)樗谋亲邮軅?，無法把食物放進(jìn)嘴里。故選B。 （5）推斷題。根據(jù) A hippo ran quickly to the crocodile and chased it away. 一只河馬跑向鱷魚，并把它趕走，可知it指代的是鱷魚。故選A。 【點(diǎn)評】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題三種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。9．閱讀理解 Can you imagine walking in, sitting next to a stranger and asking for the latest news or putting a recent novel down next to someone39。s coffee and asking for their opinion before giving yours? But more than 300 years ago, this kind of behaviour was encouraged in thousands of coffeehouses all over London. In 1712, the Starbucks site（位置） today was occupied（占據(jù)） by Button39。s coffeehouse Inside, poets, writers and members of the public gathered around long wooden tables drinking, thinking, writing and discussing literature into the night. On the wall, near where the Starbucks munity notice board now stands, was the white marble（大理石） head of a lion with wideopen mouth. The public was invited to feed it with letters and stories. The best of the lion39。s digest（文摘） were published in a weekly edition of Joseph Addison39。s Guardian newspaper, named the roaring of the lion. Today, few people know Button39。s. It39。s just one of London39。s forgotten coffeehouses. London39。s first coffeehouse was opened by a Greek named Pasque Rosee in 1652. While a servant for a British merchant in Turkey, Rosee developed a taste for the exotic（異國情調(diào)的） Turkish drink and decided to import（進(jìn)口） it to London. People from all walks of life came to his business to meet, greet, drink, think, write, and joke.（1）Where was the white marble lion head? A.In the backyard of the Starbucks.B.On the Button39。s long wooden tables.C.In Joseph Addison39。s Guardian newspaper.D.On the wall of Button39。s coffeehouse.（2）How often was the roaring of the lion published? A.Every dayB.Every week.