【正文】 ter all, is to raise adults who can balance a caring role in their families and munities with whatever lifetime achievement goals they choose. Housework teaches that balance. What should you do when getting children to do housework? Accept no excuses. Don39。t worry if you must repeat yourself again and again. If you39。re spending more time getting the child to do this job than it would take to do it yourself, then you39。re doing it right. Can an allowance help? Maybe. But if you39。re trying to teach kids to share the responsibility of a home, paying them for routine housework is not the right message.（1）What is most parents39。 problem with children doing housework? A.They are against the idea.B.They fail to put it into practice.C.They doubt the possibility of it.D.They are finding excuses for their children.（2）Why does the author mention the small study? A.To state the reasons for early success.B.To give examples of some successful people.C.To prove doing housework is beneficial.D.To suggest kids take responsibility for their behavior.（3）According to the survey of American adults, how many of them used to do housework as children? ....（4）Why does the author write the last paragraph? criticize some irresponsible parents. discuss the impact of a good family atmosphere. advise parents to spend more time with their kids. offer parents some advice on assigning children housework.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，作者認(rèn)為孩子應(yīng)該分擔(dān)家務(wù)，這不僅有利于培養(yǎng)他們的責(zé)任心，而且能提升他們的幸福感。而且家務(wù)能夠讓孩子在家庭和社區(qū)中的關(guān)愛角色與他們選擇的任何終身成就目標(biāo)之間取得平衡，文章最后說明一些關(guān)于分配孩子做家務(wù)的建議。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“A few parents will declare that their children are too busy for housework. Many more of us assign housework, or say we believe in them, but the housework just doesn39。t get done.”一些父母會(huì)說他們的孩子太忙了，沒有時(shí)間做家務(wù)。我們中更多的人會(huì)分配家務(wù)，或說我們相信他們，但家務(wù)就是做不完?？芍贁?shù)家長(zhǎng)覺得孩子學(xué)業(yè)太忙無暇做家務(wù)，但多數(shù)家長(zhǎng)即便認(rèn)為孩子該做家務(wù)，實(shí)際生活中也沒有很好地付諸實(shí)踐?？芍獙?duì)大多數(shù)父母來說讓孩子做家務(wù)存在的問題是他們沒有把它付諸實(shí)踐。故選B。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Those early shared responsibilities extended to a sense of responsibility in other areas of their lives.”那些早期共同承擔(dān)的責(zé)任擴(kuò)展到了他們生活的其他領(lǐng)域?？芍恼略诘诙谓榻B了孩子做家務(wù)的好處，第三段用一項(xiàng)研究具體闡釋了第二段的內(nèi)容。該研究表明，孩子幼時(shí)做家務(wù)預(yù)示著成年后較早成功，因?yàn)樽黾覄?wù)過程中培養(yǎng)出的責(zé)任感會(huì)遷移到生活的其他方面?？芍髡咛岬窖芯渴菫榱俗C明讓孩子做家務(wù)是有益的。故選C。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Yet while 82 percent reported having had regular housework growing up, only 56 percent of those with children said they required them to do housework.”然而，82%的人稱自己在成長(zhǎng)過程中經(jīng)常做家務(wù)，而只有56%的有孩子的人稱自己需要孩子做家務(wù)?？芍?，參與調(diào)查的1000個(gè)人中，82%的人說自己成長(zhǎng)過程中經(jīng)常做家務(wù)，即有820人小時(shí)候做過家務(wù)。故選A。 （4）考查推理判斷。最后一段中的“What should you do when getting children to do housework?”要讓孩子做家務(wù)時(shí)你應(yīng)該做什么?，是本段的主題句，作者在本段就“如何讓孩子參與到家務(wù)事中”向家長(zhǎng)提供了建議?？芍髡邔懙淖詈笠欢问墙o父母一些關(guān)于分配孩子做家務(wù)的建議。故選D。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解 Food experts say washing could spread the germs on your turkey in the kitchen sink or nearby food. But it39。s been a challenge trying to convince cooks to stop rinsing (沖洗)off raw poultry. Germs that can make people sick are mon in the guts of healthy poultry and are legally allowed to be on raw turkey and chicken. The assumption is that nobody eats their poultry raw, and that thorough cooking will kill the bacteria. The do — not — wash raw poultry advice from the USDA is relatively new and perhaps hasn39。t caught on because it goes against the mon belief that washing makes things clean, said Chapman. Benjamin Chapman, a study author and food safety expert at North Carolina State University, said the instinct to wash raw poultry goes back at least decades when people relied more on visual clues to spot problems with poultry. Meanwhile, washing hands and surfaces are also important. But food preparation is a plicated act, and germs from poultry can be spread even if it39。s not washed, especially when birds are removed from packaging. The USDAfunded study stresses that point. Researchers sprayed raw chicken with a harmless strain of E. coli (大腸桿菌)and watched volunteer cooks at test kitchens. Among those who washed their raw chicken, about a quarter ended up spreading the bacteria to their lettuce. But even some of those who did not rinse the chicken got germs on the lettuce. And there are other opportunities for germs to survive on turkeys: melting and cooking. To ensure a bird is thoroughly cooked, they say to use a thermometer to check that the deepest and thickest parts of it have reached 165 degrees. Even after the meal is cooked, you aren39。t out of the danger zone. To keep turkeys and other leftovers safe, experts say they should be refrigerated after two hours.（1）People don39。t accept USDA39。s advice because____. advice is relatively new seems more trustworthy clean the turkey before cooking it can kill most germs and no one eats raw food（2）What can be concluded from Paragraph 4? packages carry germs. and surfaces are easy to get E. coli. from a turkey can be spread whether it is washed or not. methods should be applied to food to get rid of germs.（3）Which way may help to cook a turkey safely? off the turkey before it is heated. the turkey away from the lettuce and refrigerator. hands and packages before taking out the turkey. a thermometer to check the temperature of the turkey.（4）From which section of a magazine is the text probably taken? ....【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）D（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，食品專家說清洗可能會(huì)在廚房水槽或附近的食物中傳播火雞身上的細(xì)菌，但美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)部的研究強(qiáng)調(diào)無論是否被清洗，火雞身上的細(xì)菌都會(huì)傳播，同時(shí)指出用溫度計(jì)檢查火雞的溫度有助于安全地烹飪火雞。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“The do — not — wash raw poultry advice from the USDA is relatively new and perhaps hasn39。t caught on because it goes against the mon belief that washing makes things clean, said Chapman.”查普曼說，美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)部提出的“不清洗生禽”的建議相對(duì)較新，但可能還沒有流行起來，因?yàn)檫@違背了人們普遍認(rèn)為的“清洗可以使東西干凈”的觀念，可知，人們不接受美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)部的建議是因?yàn)榍逑此坪醺档眯刨?，故選B。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“Among those who washed their raw chicken, about a qua