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(英語)高考英語完形填空夾敘夾議技巧和方法完整版及練習題-資料下載頁

2025-03-30 22:16本頁面
  

【正文】 世界慢了下來,慢到我們都能應付的程度。A. set“設(shè)置”;B. keep“保持”;C. catch“抓住”;D. handle“應付”。和陌生人喝咖啡這件事讓作者覺得周圍的世界慢了下來,慢到人們自己都能應付的程度。故選D。 (19)考查名詞。句意:靜,不僅可以放慢生活的腳步,更可以滋養(yǎng)心靈,讓我們享受世界的小小快樂。A. Effort“努力”;B. Stillness“寂靜”;C. Loneliness“孤獨”;D. Caution“小心”。根據(jù)下文“and quietness”可知是指寂靜。故選B。 (20)考查動詞。句意:靜,不僅可以放慢生活的腳步,更可以滋養(yǎng)心靈,讓我們享受世界的小小快樂。A. shape“塑造”;B. form“形成”;C. save“拯救”;D. feed“滋養(yǎng),喂養(yǎng)”。根據(jù)下文“the soul, helping us to enjoy the world39。s small pleasure.”可知指寂靜能夠滋養(yǎng)心靈,享受世界的小小快樂。故選D。 【點評】本題考點涉及動詞,名詞,形容詞,副詞,固定短語等多個知識點的考查,是一篇人生感悟類閱讀,要求考生在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,進行分析推理,從而選出正確答案。5.閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。 Do you think you have what it takes to be a successful scientist?A successful scientist is generally a good observer. He makes full 1 ofthe facts he observes. He doesn39。t accept ideas which are not 2 onobvious facts, and therefore 3 toaccept authority as the only reason for truth. He always checks ideas 4 andmakes experiments to prove them. The rise of 5 sciencemay perhaps be considered to 6 asfar back as the 7 ofRoger Bacon, the wonderful philosopher of Oxford, who lived 8 theyears 1214 and 1292. He was probably the first in the middle ages to suggest thatwe must learn science 9 observingand experimenting on the things around us, and he himself 10 manyimportant truths. Galileo (1564173。1642), however, who lived more than 300 years later,was the greatest of several great men in Italy, France, Germany, and England, 11 beganto show how many important 12 couldbe discovered by observation by degrees. Before Galileo, learned men believed thatlarge bodies fell more 13 towardsthe earth than small ones, 14 Aristotlesaid so. But Galileo, going to the 15 ofthe Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two 16 stonesand proved Aristotle was wrong. It was Galileo39。s 17 ofgoing direct to nature, and proving our 18 andtheories by experiment, that has led to all the discoveries of modern science. What 19 thosepeople good scientists? From the example of Galileo, we know it clearly that successfulscientists are those whose observations have 20 betterresults.1. A. useB. timeC. speedD. trust2. A. reliedB. basedC. insistedD. centered3. A. refusesB. desiresC. intendsD. regrets4. A. casuallyB. carefullyC. quicklyD. secretly5. A. naturalB. physicalC. ancientD. modern6. A. dateB. keepC. lookD. e7. A. studyB. timeC. yearD. birth8. A. bothB. eachC. betweenD. among9. A. inB. withC. onD. by10. A. broughtB. discoveredC. tookD. gave11. A. whoB. whenC. thatD. where12. A. truthsB. problemsC. peopleD. subjects13. A. slowlyB. rapidlyC. lightlyD. heavily14. A. althoughB. becauseC. whenD. if15. A. placeB. footC. topD. ceiling16. A. bigB. smallC. equalD. unequal17. A. spiritB. skillC. theoryD. discovery18. A. plansB. opinionsC. worldD. ability19. A. makesB. preventsC. considersD. promises20. A. foreseenB. rejectedC. producedD. challenged【答案】(1)A;(2)B;(3)A;(4)B;(5)D;(6)A;(7)B;(8)C;(9)D;(10)B;(11)A;(12)A;(13)B;(14)B;(15)C;(16)D;(17)A;(18)B;(19)A;(20)C; 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文,以某些科學家他們的做法為例來說明觀察和實驗在科學發(fā)現(xiàn)中的重要性??茖W真理必須以事實為根據(jù),必須通過實踐來檢驗。(1)考查名詞。 use“用處”;time “時間”;speed“速度”;trust“相信”。根據(jù)語境可知,此處是指“一個成功的科學家通常是一個好的觀察者。他充分利用他所觀察到的事實”。make full use of ,固定短語,“充分利用”。故選A。(2)考查動詞。rely“信任,依賴”;base“以…為基礎(chǔ)/根據(jù)”;insist“堅持”;center“集中,以….為中心”。作為一個科學家,要充分利用事實,自然不能接受不以明顯事實為根據(jù)的想法。be based on…固定短語,“以….為基礎(chǔ)/根據(jù)”。故選B。(3)考查動詞。refuse“拒絕”;desire“渴望”;intend“意圖,打算”;regret“遺憾,后悔”。他不接受不基于顯而易見的事實的觀點,因此拒絕接受權(quán)威作為真理的唯一理由。故選A。(4)考查副詞。casually“偶然地,漫不經(jīng)心地”;carefully“仔細地,認真地”;quickly“快速地”;secretly“秘密地,偷偷地”。此處是指他仔細地核查那些觀點。故選B。(5)考查形容詞。natural“天然的,自然的”;physical“物質(zhì)的”;ancient “古代的,過時的”;modern“現(xiàn)代的”。根據(jù)下文“that has led to all the discoveries of modern science.”可知,此處表示的是modern science。故選D。(6)考查動詞。date“從某時起計算日期”;keep“保持”;look“看”;e“來”。根據(jù)下文的 “the years 1214 and 1292”,可知,現(xiàn)代科學的興起可追溯到很早的時候,date back…固定短語,“追溯到......”,故選A。(7)考查名詞。study“研究,學習”;time“時間,時代”;year“年”; birth“出生”。根據(jù)空下文“the years 1214 and 1292”。可知,此處表示現(xiàn)代科學的興起也許可以追溯到羅杰培根時代,故選B。(8)考查代/介詞。both“和,兩者都”;each“每個”;between “在(兩者)...…之間”; among“在(三者以上)......中,在(三者以上)...….之列”。羅杰培根,生活在1214年至1292年之間。between…and…,固定短語,“在......和......之間”。故選C。(9)考查介詞。in “在......里面”;with“和,跟”;on“在......上面”;by“通過,由”。根據(jù)下文“observing and experimenting on the things around us”可知,此處是指通過觀察和檢驗我們周圍的事物,故選D。(10)考查動詞。 bring“帶來”;discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)”;take“帶走”;give“給”。結(jié)合下文“many important truths.”可知。本句是指“他自己發(fā)現(xiàn)(discovered)了許多重要的真理”,故選B。(11)考查定語從句。本句是一個非限制性定語從句,其中的the greatest of several great men 是先行詞,在后面的定語從句中作began 的主語,定語從句中指代前面的先行詞“he”,指人要用關(guān)系詞who。本句意為“伽利略(15641642)是意大利、法國、德國和英國幾位偉人中最偉大的科學家,他通過逐步的觀察,展示出許多重要的…?!币虼诉xA。(12)考查名詞。 truth“事實”; problem“問題”; people“人們”;subject“主題”。根據(jù)下文“could be discovered by observation by degrees”可知,“很多真理可以通過觀察得到發(fā)現(xiàn)”。故選A。(13)考查副詞。slowly “緩慢地”;rapidly “快速地”;lightly“輕輕地”;heavily“沉重地”。根據(jù)“l(fā)arge bodies fell more”和“towards the earth than small ones,”可知,在Galileo之前,學者們認為重的物體比輕的物體自由落體的速度更快,故選B 。(14)考查連詞。although“然而”;because “因為”;when“當......時候”; if“如果”。根據(jù)下文“Aristotle said so”可知,這里表明因為亞里士多德是這么說的。故選B。(15)考查名詞。place“地方”;foot“腳,底部”;top“頂部”;ceiling“天花板”。根據(jù)下文“of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two ___16___ stones”可知,伽利略去了比薩斜塔的頂部,扔下了兩塊石頭。故選C。(16)考查形容詞。big“大的”;small“小的”;equal“相等的”;unequal“不相等的”。此處表示扔下了兩個不同重量的石頭,故選D。(17)考查名詞。spirit“精神”;skill“技巧,技能”;theory“理論”;discovery“發(fā)現(xiàn)”。這是伽利略探索自然的精神,故選A。(18)考查名詞。 plan“計劃”;opinion“觀點”;world“世界”;ability“能力”。此處下文“and theories by experiment”中的theories(理論)相響應。此處是指通過實驗證明我們的觀點和理論,故選B。(19)考查動詞。make“制造,使成為”;prevent “阻止”;consider“認為,思考”;promise“許諾,答應”。根據(jù)下文的“…are those whose observations have ___20___ better results.”可知,此處是說“是什么使這些人成為優(yōu)秀的科學家?”故選A。(20)考查
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