【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 each和由some, any, no, every 構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞，在意義上屬于單數(shù)。它們作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如：Each day is better than the one 。Everybody was wearing their 。Everyone is 。（10）Chinese, French, English, Japanese 等名詞作主語表示語言時(shí)，用單數(shù)動(dòng)詞；表示人時(shí)，用復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞。如：English is spoken in many 。The Chinese are very 。（11）表示時(shí)間、重量、價(jià)值、長度、距離等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，把它視作一個(gè)整體謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如：Fifty years is not a short 。Twenty miles is a long way to 。Where’s that five pounds? 那五英鎊在哪兒？Ten thousand dollars is a lot of 。（12）a number of 與the number of 作主語“a number of +復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”表示“一些”、“許多”的意思，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；“the number of+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”表示“??的數(shù)目、數(shù)量”，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如： A number of books are missing from the 。The number of workers in this factory is 。（三）表語表語是指跟在連系動(dòng)詞be, seem, look, feel, get, smell, bee等詞后面的詞語或從句，用以說明主語的身份、特征、和狀態(tài)。由名詞、代詞、形容詞、數(shù)詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞不定式或介詞短語、現(xiàn)在分詞（短語）、過去分詞（短語）、從句等充當(dāng)。名詞作表語I was a worker at that 。代詞作表語These sweets are mine, those are ，那些是你的?！猈ho is it? 是誰呀？ ——It’s me/。注：當(dāng)人稱代詞作表語時(shí)，在口語中常用賓格，在正式文體中用主格。形容詞作表語You will feel better after taking this 。The girl is quite 。The price sounds 。數(shù)詞作表語We are altogether 。Five plus seven is 。副詞作表語Is your father in? 你父親在家嗎？ The meeting is 。介詞短語作表語My books are on the 。They are at home 。動(dòng)詞不定式短語作表語My job is to teach them 。The question is when to 。His wish is to bee a ?，F(xiàn)在分詞（短語）作表語What he likes is reading 。過去分詞（短語）作表語 His cup is 。Are you excited about your new job? 你對你的新工作感到高興嗎？從句作表語The question is what we should do 。（四）賓語直接賓語賓語表示動(dòng)作的對象或行為的承受者，用在及物動(dòng)詞或相當(dāng)與及物動(dòng)詞的短語動(dòng)詞之后?？梢宰髻e語的有名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式（短語）、名詞化的形容詞、現(xiàn)在分詞（短語）、從句等。（1）名詞作賓語She is playing the piano 。Please open the door? 請把門打開好嗎？ Can you drive a car? 你會(huì)開車嗎？（2）代詞作賓語She often helps us with our 。We should keep these in 。All the students in our class should help one 。You needn’t look at me like 。（3）數(shù)詞作賓語I like the 。（4）不定式（短語）作賓語He tried to catch up with his 。I’d like to be able to 。（5）名詞化的形容詞作賓語We should respect the 。The scientists may find out the 。He is always helping the poorer than 。（6）現(xiàn)在分詞（短語）作賓語Return the book to the library as soon as you finish reading 。He stopped smoking last 。He denied visiting her 。（7）從句作賓語She said that she was 。The mother asked how her daughter 。間接賓語在英語中，有些及物動(dòng)詞，如bring, give, send, show, tell, teach, lend, pass 等，可以有兩個(gè)賓語，一個(gè)指人，一個(gè)指物，指人的叫做間接賓語，指物的叫做直接賓語，間接賓語一般放在直接賓語之前。如：Can you give me any information on this matter? 你能給我提供這些事的任何信息嗎？ Write me a letter every month, 。Can you lend me the same ruler as was used yesterday? 你能借給我昨天用的同一把尺子嗎？ 有時(shí)，也可以在間接賓語之前加介詞to或for，構(gòu)成介詞短語，并把這個(gè)短語放在直接賓語之后。如：Mather bought the handkerchief for you, not for ，而不是給我買的手帕。I took it to the policeman on 。（五）定語定語是修飾名詞或代詞的。定語有前置定語和后置定語之分。一般來說，形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞或名詞所有格等作定語時(shí)通常放在被修飾的詞之前作前置定語；而副詞、介詞短語、不定式短語、現(xiàn)在分詞短語、過去分詞短語、從句作定語時(shí)通常放在被修飾的詞之后作后置定語。形容詞作前置定語It is a difficult 。He said he had an important meeting to 。代詞作前置定語His birthplace is Beijing。Mine si ，我的出生地是上海。May I have your name, please? 請問您的大名？數(shù)詞作前置定語We have four lessons in the 。Tom is their second 。When I sat down, a fourth man rose to 。名詞或名詞所有格作前置定語I do morning exercises every 。We should follow the doctor’s 。副詞作后置定語Who is the man over there? 那邊的男人是誰？Every night, the man upstairs came back ，樓上的那個(gè)人回來很晚。介詞短語作后置定語A college in London had agreed to take 。The book on the desk is 。不定式短語作后置定語Can you give me some work to do? 你能給我什么活兒干嗎？ He needs a place to live 。現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語The boy sitting at the desk is called 。過去分詞短語作后置定語There is a little difference between written English and spoken 。（單個(gè)過去分分詞作前置定語）I hate to see letters written in 。從句作后置定語The car that’s parked outside is 。（限制性從句）Your car, which I noticed outside, has been hit by another ，它給另一輛車撞了。（非限制性從句）（六）狀語狀語的表現(xiàn)形式狀語是修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞以及全句的句子成分?？捎米鳡钫Z的有副詞、名詞、介詞短語、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、從句等。（1）副詞作狀語They work 。This is even better than 。I am truly sorry to hear 。I don’t quite agree with 。It is very nice 。（2）名詞作狀語The coat costs 40 。Come this way, 。Wait a 。They worked day and 。（3）介詞短語作狀語She will arrive on 。Without his help, we couldn’t work it ，我們不可能解決這個(gè)問題。They were glad at the 。（4）不定式作狀語To kill bugs, spray the area ，這地方要經(jīng)常噴灑。They stopped to have a 。（5）現(xiàn)在分詞（短語）作狀語They entered the room, talking and 。（6）從句作狀語She won’t e to work today because she is 。I will return the book to you on Monday if I have read it by ，那我會(huì)把書還給你的。She has lived alone since her husband 。狀語的分類狀語按照內(nèi)容可以分為時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語、原因狀語、目的狀語、結(jié)果狀語、條件狀語、方式狀語、程度狀語、頻度狀語、伴隨狀語。（1）時(shí)間狀語What were you doing at ten last night? 昨晚十點(diǎn)鐘你在干什么？ At that time, she was working in a 。(2)地點(diǎn)狀語I met Professor Wu at the 。注：如果句中既有時(shí)間狀語，又有地點(diǎn)狀語，則地點(diǎn)狀語通常方陣時(shí)間狀語之前。如： I’ll meet him at the school gate 。（3）原因狀語Because she was ill, Mary lost her ，失去了工作。Having no money, he could not buy the TV ，他不能買電視機(jī)。（4）目的狀語In order to get into a good school, he studies hard day and ，他夜以繼日地苦讀。He lit a fire so that he would be 。（5）結(jié)果狀語 The wind blew with such force that people could hardly stand up against ，人們幾乎站不住。It continued raining all that day, so that I could not stir ，我沒法出去。（6）條件狀語I can’t do it without your ，我做不成這件事。If it rained, I went by ，我就乘車走了。（7）讓步狀語Whatever/No matter what I said, he refused to 。They succeeded in spite of all ，他們還是成功了。（8）方式狀語He knew the country around as he knew his own 。（9）程度狀語放在被修飾的詞之前，但enough一詞則放在形容詞之后。We are very 。This problem is difficult 。（10）頻度狀語作頻度狀語的副詞always, often, usually, seldom, ever, never 等一般放在實(shí)意動(dòng)詞之前，連系動(dòng)詞之后。如：They have already done th