【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 each和由some, any, no, every 構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞，在意義上屬于單數(shù)。它們作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如：Each day is better than the one 。Everybody was wearing their 。Everyone is 。（10）Chinese, French, English, Japanese 等名詞作主語(yǔ)表示語(yǔ)言時(shí)，用單數(shù)動(dòng)詞；表示人時(shí)，用復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞。如：English is spoken in many 。The Chinese are very 。（11）表示時(shí)間、重量、價(jià)值、長(zhǎng)度、距離等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，把它視作一個(gè)整體謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如：Fifty years is not a short 。Twenty miles is a long way to 。Where’s that five pounds? 那五英鎊在哪兒？Ten thousand dollars is a lot of 。（12）a number of 與the number of 作主語(yǔ)“a number of +復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”表示“一些”、“許多”的意思，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；“the number of+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”表示“??的數(shù)目、數(shù)量”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如： A number of books are missing from the 。The number of workers in this factory is 。（三）表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)是指跟在連系動(dòng)詞be, seem, look, feel, get, smell, bee等詞后面的詞語(yǔ)或從句，用以說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份、特征、和狀態(tài)。由名詞、代詞、形容詞、數(shù)詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞不定式或介詞短語(yǔ)、現(xiàn)在分詞（短語(yǔ)）、過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）、從句等充當(dāng)。名詞作表語(yǔ)I was a worker at that 。代詞作表語(yǔ)These sweets are mine, those are ，那些是你的?！猈ho is it? 是誰(shuí)呀？ ——It’s me/。注：當(dāng)人稱(chēng)代詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，在口語(yǔ)中常用賓格，在正式文體中用主格。形容詞作表語(yǔ)You will feel better after taking this 。The girl is quite 。The price sounds 。數(shù)詞作表語(yǔ)We are altogether 。Five plus seven is 。副詞作表語(yǔ)Is your father in? 你父親在家嗎？ The meeting is 。介詞短語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)My books are on the 。They are at home 。動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)My job is to teach them 。The question is when to 。His wish is to bee a ?，F(xiàn)在分詞（短語(yǔ)）作表語(yǔ)What he likes is reading 。過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）作表語(yǔ) His cup is 。Are you excited about your new job? 你對(duì)你的新工作感到高興嗎？從句作表語(yǔ)The question is what we should do 。（四）賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或行為的承受者，用在及物動(dòng)詞或相當(dāng)與及物動(dòng)詞的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后?？梢宰髻e語(yǔ)的有名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式（短語(yǔ)）、名詞化的形容詞、現(xiàn)在分詞（短語(yǔ)）、從句等。（1）名詞作賓語(yǔ)She is playing the piano 。Please open the door? 請(qǐng)把門(mén)打開(kāi)好嗎？ Can you drive a car? 你會(huì)開(kāi)車(chē)嗎？（2）代詞作賓語(yǔ)She often helps us with our 。We should keep these in 。All the students in our class should help one 。You needn’t look at me like 。（3）數(shù)詞作賓語(yǔ)I like the 。（4）不定式（短語(yǔ)）作賓語(yǔ)He tried to catch up with his 。I’d like to be able to 。（5）名詞化的形容詞作賓語(yǔ)We should respect the 。The scientists may find out the 。He is always helping the poorer than 。（6）現(xiàn)在分詞（短語(yǔ)）作賓語(yǔ)Return the book to the library as soon as you finish reading 。He stopped smoking last 。He denied visiting her 。（7）從句作賓語(yǔ)She said that she was 。The mother asked how her daughter 。間接賓語(yǔ)在英語(yǔ)中，有些及物動(dòng)詞，如bring, give, send, show, tell, teach, lend, pass 等，可以有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，一個(gè)指人，一個(gè)指物，指人的叫做間接賓語(yǔ)，指物的叫做直接賓語(yǔ)，間接賓語(yǔ)一般放在直接賓語(yǔ)之前。如：Can you give me any information on this matter? 你能給我提供這些事的任何信息嗎？ Write me a letter every month, 。Can you lend me the same ruler as was used yesterday? 你能借給我昨天用的同一把尺子嗎？ 有時(shí)，也可以在間接賓語(yǔ)之前加介詞to或for，構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)，并把這個(gè)短語(yǔ)放在直接賓語(yǔ)之后。如：Mather bought the handkerchief for you, not for ，而不是給我買(mǎi)的手帕。I took it to the policeman on 。（五）定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)是修飾名詞或代詞的。定語(yǔ)有前置定語(yǔ)和后置定語(yǔ)之分。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞或名詞所有格等作定語(yǔ)時(shí)通常放在被修飾的詞之前作前置定語(yǔ)；而副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式短語(yǔ)、現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)、過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)、從句作定語(yǔ)時(shí)通常放在被修飾的詞之后作后置定語(yǔ)。形容詞作前置定語(yǔ)It is a difficult 。He said he had an important meeting to 。代詞作前置定語(yǔ)His birthplace is Beijing。Mine si ，我的出生地是上海。May I have your name, please? 請(qǐng)問(wèn)您的大名？數(shù)詞作前置定語(yǔ)We have four lessons in the 。Tom is their second 。When I sat down, a fourth man rose to 。名詞或名詞所有格作前置定語(yǔ)I do morning exercises every 。We should follow the doctor’s 。副詞作后置定語(yǔ)Who is the man over there? 那邊的男人是誰(shuí)？Every night, the man upstairs came back ，樓上的那個(gè)人回來(lái)很晚。介詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)A college in London had agreed to take 。The book on the desk is 。不定式短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)Can you give me some work to do? 你能給我什么活兒干嗎？ He needs a place to live ?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)The boy sitting at the desk is called 。過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)There is a little difference between written English and spoken 。（單個(gè)過(guò)去分分詞作前置定語(yǔ)）I hate to see letters written in 。從句作后置定語(yǔ)The car that’s parked outside is 。（限制性從句）Your car, which I noticed outside, has been hit by another ，它給另一輛車(chē)撞了。（非限制性從句）（六）狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)的表現(xiàn)形式狀語(yǔ)是修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞以及全句的句子成分?？捎米鳡钫Z(yǔ)的有副詞、名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、從句等。（1）副詞作狀語(yǔ)They work 。This is even better than 。I am truly sorry to hear 。I don’t quite agree with 。It is very nice 。（2）名詞作狀語(yǔ)The coat costs 40 。Come this way, 。Wait a 。They worked day and 。（3）介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)She will arrive on 。Without his help, we couldn’t work it ，我們不可能解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。They were glad at the 。（4）不定式作狀語(yǔ)To kill bugs, spray the area ，這地方要經(jīng)常噴灑。They stopped to have a 。（5）現(xiàn)在分詞（短語(yǔ)）作狀語(yǔ)They entered the room, talking and 。（6）從句作狀語(yǔ)She won’t e to work today because she is 。I will return the book to you on Monday if I have read it by ，那我會(huì)把書(shū)還給你的。She has lived alone since her husband 。狀語(yǔ)的分類(lèi)狀語(yǔ)按照內(nèi)容可以分為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、原因狀語(yǔ)、目的狀語(yǔ)、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)、條件狀語(yǔ)、方式狀語(yǔ)、程度狀語(yǔ)、頻度狀語(yǔ)、伴隨狀語(yǔ)。（1）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)What were you doing at ten last night? 昨晚十點(diǎn)鐘你在干什么？ At that time, she was working in a 。(2)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)I met Professor Wu at the 。注：如果句中既有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，又有地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，則地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)通常方陣時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)之前。如： I’ll meet him at the school gate 。（3）原因狀語(yǔ)Because she was ill, Mary lost her ，失去了工作。Having no money, he could not buy the TV ，他不能買(mǎi)電視機(jī)。（4）目的狀語(yǔ)In order to get into a good school, he studies hard day and ，他夜以繼日地苦讀。He lit a fire so that he would be 。（5）結(jié)果狀語(yǔ) The wind blew with such force that people could hardly stand up against ，人們幾乎站不住。It continued raining all that day, so that I could not stir ，我沒(méi)法出去。（6）條件狀語(yǔ)I can’t do it without your ，我做不成這件事。If it rained, I went by ，我就乘車(chē)走了。（7）讓步狀語(yǔ)Whatever/No matter what I said, he refused to 。They succeeded in spite of all ，他們還是成功了。（8）方式狀語(yǔ)He knew the country around as he knew his own 。（9）程度狀語(yǔ)放在被修飾的詞之前，但enough一詞則放在形容詞之后。We are very 。This problem is difficult 。（10）頻度狀語(yǔ)作頻度狀語(yǔ)的副詞always, often, usually, seldom, ever, never 等一般放在實(shí)意動(dòng)詞之前，連系動(dòng)詞之后。如：They have already done th