【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 __ into consideration, they ought to have another be officials discussed the plan that they would like to see ______ the next carry out a lot of difficult problems ______, the manager felt worried all the settled you have anything more ______, sir?No, you can have a rest or do something be type manager promised to keep me ______ of how our business was going be 答案：15BDBAB610DDACD 1115BDBCB1620AACBD 2125CDDBC2630AAAAA 3135ACCAA4145ACADA5155BC3640CDAAA 4650BDBDA第四篇：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞專項(xiàng)講解(一)一、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞概說(shuō)顧名思義，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就是不能作謂語(yǔ)的一種動(dòng)詞形式。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種：動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞。分詞又分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞。二、動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式是動(dòng)詞的一種非限定形式，一般由“to ＋ 動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。它在句中起名詞、形容詞或副詞的作用，同時(shí)也保留著動(dòng)詞的一些特征，可以帶賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。例如：At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games, Liu Xiang excited people all over Asia when he became the first Asian to win the gold medal in the men’s 110metre ，劉翔在110米跨欄比賽中成為第一個(gè)獲得金牌的亞洲人，使全亞洲人興奮不已。（不定式起形容詞作用，同時(shí)帶有賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)）1）作主語(yǔ)It is difficult to imagine a more inhospitable 。（it作形式主語(yǔ)，to imagine a more inhospitable place為真正的主語(yǔ)）2）作表語(yǔ)The aim of the treaty is to prevent the mercial and military use of the 。3）作賓語(yǔ)He was very happy to meet two foreigners and wanted to learn all about ，于是想全面了解歐洲。注意：兩個(gè)不定式并列時(shí)，第二個(gè)不定式to省略。例如： People like to meet in the evening and watch the 。（watch the moon 與to meet in the evening為兩個(gè)并列的不定式，故watch前省略了to。這兩個(gè)不定式均作like的賓語(yǔ)。）能夠接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞很多，常見的有：afford, agree, aim, ask, bear, begin, bother, care, choose, continue, dare, decide, demand, desire, determine, expect, fail, forget, hate, help, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, like, love, manage, mean, need, offer, plan, pretend, refuse, remember, try, wait, want, wish等?！就敢暩呖碱}】真題：I don’t want ________ like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is sound be sounded have sounded(2005 天津)簡(jiǎn)析：考查不定式作賓語(yǔ)。want后接不定式，而且sound是連系動(dòng)詞，不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。所以A是正確答案。sound like聽起來(lái)像是。4）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)We saw her enter a 。I want you to e to my birthday 。注意：某些動(dòng)詞（大都是感官動(dòng)詞）接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常不帶to。下面的口訣可以幫助大家記住這些動(dòng)詞：“四看（see, watch, notice, observe）三使役（let, have, make）二聽（hear, listen to）一感覺（feel）?！蹦軌蚪訋o的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有很多，常見的有： advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, mand, direct, enable, encourage, expect, forbid, force, instruct, invite, oblige, order, permit, persuade, press, remend, remind, request, teach, tell, train, urge, want, warn等。5）作定語(yǔ)Do you want to make more friends but lack the confidence to talk to people you do not know?你想結(jié)交更多的朋友卻感到與陌生人交流信心不足嗎？注意：某些不及物動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)需要加上一個(gè)介詞，即構(gòu)成“不定式＋介詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，這個(gè)介詞不可省略。例如：Give me a pen to write 。另外，還有一種“介詞 ＋ which ＋ 不定式”的結(jié)構(gòu)也可以作定語(yǔ)。例如：The young couple needs a lot of money with which to buy a new ?！就敢暩呖碱}】真題：This pany was the first ___ portable radios as well as cassette tape recorders in the (2005 上海春)簡(jiǎn)析：考查不定式作定語(yǔ)。在first, last等詞后，要用不定式作定語(yǔ)。故B正確。6）作狀語(yǔ)I am very happy to meet 。注意：①有的語(yǔ)法學(xué)家將形容詞后的不定式歸到賓語(yǔ)。這類形容詞有： afraid, anxious, careful, content, determined, foolish, prepared, ready, slow, willing等。②在強(qiáng)調(diào)目的狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，不定式前可加上in order或so as，即通常我們所說(shuō)的“in order to/so as to”詞組。有時(shí)為了突出強(qiáng)調(diào)目的，還可將這個(gè)詞組置于句首，但so as to不用于句首。③在so...as to, enough to, only to, too...to等結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式表示結(jié)果。例如：Will you be so kind as to open the window?勞駕您打開窗戶好嗎？He arrived at the airport only to find the plane had already taken （結(jié)果）卻發(fā)現(xiàn)飛機(jī)已經(jīng)起飛了?！就敢暩呖碱}】真題：__ the employees’ working efficiency, the supervisor will allow them to have a coffee improved (2006 上海春)簡(jiǎn)析：考查不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。分詞一般不能作目的狀語(yǔ)，故選B。不定式的否定結(jié)構(gòu)由“not ＋ 不定式”構(gòu)成，簡(jiǎn)言之，to前加not。例如：She finally decided not to marry 。4.“疑問(wèn)詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)疑問(wèn)詞who, what, which, when, where和how后加上不定式可構(gòu)成一種特殊的結(jié)構(gòu)，它的作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞性從句。同樣一句話，英語(yǔ)里可用從句和不定式結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表達(dá)，意思沒(méi)有區(qū)別。試比較：我不知道該怎么辦。I don’t know what I should do.(賓語(yǔ)從句，較正式)I have no idea(of)what I should do.(同位語(yǔ)從句，較正式)I don’t know what to do.(疑問(wèn)詞＋不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)，簡(jiǎn)潔，較口語(yǔ)化)I have no idea(of)what to do.(疑問(wèn)詞＋不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作同位語(yǔ)，簡(jiǎn)潔，較口語(yǔ)化)注意：在 Why(not)do sth.? 這個(gè)句式里，不定式不帶to，例如：Why not try again? 為什么不再試試？有時(shí)候不定式前有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)，用for來(lái)引出，結(jié)構(gòu)為： for ＋ 名詞（代詞賓格）＋ 不定式。例如：It is necessary for us to master at least one foreign 。注意：有些形容詞后接這種結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，不用介詞for，而用of。例如： It’s very kind of you to do 。這類形容詞還有：silly, bad, nice, honest, stupid, clever, wise, wrong等。所謂不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)形式是指不定式有完成式、進(jìn)行式和被動(dòng)式。例如：I am very happy to have met your 。Her English seems to be ?！就敢暩呖碱}】真題：The flu is believed ________ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and caused be caused have caused(2004 上海)簡(jiǎn)析：考查不定式的被動(dòng)式。這是個(gè)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句型：sb./ believed to do / be done / doing / have done / have been done，根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)式，故選C。三、動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞是由“動(dòng)詞原形 ＋ ing”構(gòu)成，與現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成完全相同。顧名思義，動(dòng)名詞既具有動(dòng)詞的特征，又具有名詞的特征。所謂的動(dòng)詞特征是說(shuō)動(dòng)名詞可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，名詞特征是指動(dòng)名詞可以像名詞一樣充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。例如：Would you mind my closing the window? 你介意我關(guān)上窗戶嗎？1）作主語(yǔ)Seeing is 。It’s no use crying over spilt 。注意：在It is no use...。It is no good...。It is great fun...等這些句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，其后習(xí)慣接動(dòng)名詞。2）作表語(yǔ)His job is fixing 。3）作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)Have you finished writing the article? 你寫完那篇文章了嗎？She suggested going there by air, as plane tickets are very ，她建議乘飛機(jī)去那里。有些動(dòng)詞后只能接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，這類動(dòng)詞常見的有：admit, avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, fancy, finish, imagine, include, keep, mind, miss, practise, resist, risk, suggest等；短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有g(shù)ive up, insist on等。為了幫助大家記憶，現(xiàn)將最常用的10個(gè)動(dòng)詞的首字母縮略在一起：MEPSKARFI（梅不是咖啡）（Mmind, Eenjoy, Ppractise, Sstop, suggest, Kkeep, Aavoid, Rrisk, Ffinish, Iinsist on）。【透視高考題】真題1：The parents suggested ________ in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the slept(2006 上海春)簡(jiǎn)析：考查動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。suggest后有三種情況：1）意為“建議”，后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，如此句，所以C為正確答案；2）后接that從句時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)要用“（should）+動(dòng)詞原形”；3）表示“暗示”含義，后接that從句時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)要用陳述語(yǔ)氣。真題2：When asked by the police, he said that he remembered ______ at the party, but not arrive。 arrive。to leave。to leave(2005 北京)簡(jiǎn)析：考查動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。remember后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)表示“記得已經(jīng)做過(guò)的事”。remember to do “記住去做某事”，即表示沒(méi)有做的事。根據(jù)句意，前后都應(yīng)填動(dòng)名詞，指已經(jīng)發(fā)生過(guò)的事情，故C正確。4）作介詞賓語(yǔ)I wrote him and his wife a thankyou note for helping ，因?yàn)樗麄儙椭宋?。【透視高考題】真題：Accustomed to ________ the steep moun?鄄tains, he had no difficulty reaching the climbed(2005 上海春)簡(jiǎn)