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與此相關(guān)的一些不定代詞如 something, somebody 等也要進(jìn)行相應(yīng)變化。 變?yōu)?or。如: I have a knife and a ruler. → I don39。t have a knife or a ruler. lot of (=lots of)變?yōu)?many 或 much。如: They have a lot of friends.(可數(shù)名詞) → They don39。t have many friends. There is lots of orange in the bottle.(不可數(shù)名詞) → There isn39。t much orange in the bottle. 變?yōu)?yet。如: I have been there already. → I haven39。t been there yet. 16) in 與 after in 與 after 都可以表示時(shí)間,但二者有所區(qū)別。 經(jīng)常用于將來(lái)時(shí)的句子中,以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn),表示將來(lái)一段時(shí)間。如: He will leave for Beijing in a week. 一周后他會(huì)動(dòng)身去北京。 經(jīng)常用于過(guò)去時(shí)的句子中,以過(guò)去為起點(diǎn),表示過(guò)去一段時(shí)間。如: He left for Beijing after a week. 一周后他動(dòng)身去了北京。 不過(guò),如果 after 后跟的是具體的時(shí)刻,它也可用于將來(lái)時(shí)。如: We will finish the work after ten o39。clock. 十點(diǎn)后我們會(huì)完成工作的。 in 的用法。 I39。ll visit him in a week. 一周后我會(huì)去拜訪他。 I39。ll visit him twice in a week. 一周內(nèi)我會(huì)去拜訪他兩次。 17) 不定冠詞 a 與 an 的使用 用在以輔音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞前。如: There is a b in the word book. 單詞 book 中有個(gè)字母 b。 類似的字母還有: c, d, g, j, k, p, q, t, u, v, w, y, z。 She has a small knife. 她有一把小刀。 用于以元音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞前。如: There is an i in the word onion. 單詞 onion 中有個(gè)字母 i。 類似的字母還有: a, e, f, h, l, m, n, o, r, s, x。 Do you have an umbrella? 你有一把雨傘嗎? an;以輔音字母開(kāi)頭的單詞前面也不一定都用 a。如: a useful book a universe a oneletter word an hour an uncle an umbrella an honest person 18) 如何表達(dá)英語(yǔ)中的“穿、戴”? 英語(yǔ)中表示“穿、戴”的表達(dá)方法有好幾種,常見(jiàn)的有以下這些: put on 主要表達(dá)“穿”的動(dòng)作。如: He put on his 。 You39。d better put on your 。 wear 主要表示“穿、戴”的狀態(tài)。如: The old man wears a pair of 。 The girl is wearing a red 。 dress 可作及物動(dòng)詞,有“給 ......穿衣”的意思,后接“人”,而不是“衣服”。如: Please dress the children right 。 dress 也可作不及物動(dòng)詞,表示衣著的習(xí)慣。如: The woman always dresses in 。 be in 表示穿著的狀態(tài)。如: John is in white 。 The man in black is a football coach. 19) a little, a few 與 a bit (of) a little, a few 與 a bit (of) 都有“一些、少量”的意義。他們的區(qū)別在哪里呢? 1. a little 意為“一些、少量”,后接不可數(shù)名詞。如: There is a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一點(diǎn)水。 還可以接形容詞。如: He is a little shy. 他有些害羞。 2. a few 意為“一些、少數(shù)”,后接復(fù)數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞。如: There are a few people in the room. 房間里有一些人。 3. a bit 意為“一點(diǎn)兒”,后接形容詞。如: It39。s a bit cold. 有點(diǎn)冷。 a bit of 后接不可數(shù)名詞。如: He has a bit of money. 他有一點(diǎn)兒錢。 4. a little 表肯定意義, little 表否定意義; a few 表肯定意義, few 表否定意義。如: There is a little soda in the glass. 杯子里有一點(diǎn)兒汽水。 There is little soda in the glass. 杯子里幾乎沒(méi)有汽 水了。 I have a few Chinese friends. 我有一些中國(guó)朋友。 Few people like him. 幾乎沒(méi)有人喜歡他。 5. a little = a bit of, 后接不可數(shù)名詞; a little = a bit = a little bit = kind of, 后接形容詞,意為“有點(diǎn)兒”。 20) 關(guān)于 like 的用法 like 可以作動(dòng)詞,也可以作介詞。 like 作動(dòng)詞,表示一般性的“愛(ài)好、喜歡” ,有泛指的含義。如: Do you like the color?你喜愛(ài)這種顏色嗎? like 后可接不定式( like to do sth),也可接動(dòng)詞的 ing 分詞( like doing sth),有時(shí)意思不盡相同。如: She likes eating 。(習(xí)慣) She likes to eat an 。(平常不喜歡吃) like 與 would 連用,后接不定式,表示愿望或客氣的請(qǐng)求。如: Would you like a cup of tea?您愿意喝杯茶嗎? “喜歡某人做某事”可以用結(jié)構(gòu)“ like sb to do sth/doing sth”。如: They all like me to sing/singing English 歌。 like 作介詞,可譯成“像 ......”。如: She is friendly to us like a ,就像母親一樣。 It looks like an 。 區(qū)分以下句子: A. What does he look like? B. What is he like? A 句譯為“他長(zhǎng)相如何?”指一個(gè)人的外貌特征;而 B 句譯為“他人怎么樣?”指人的性格特點(diǎn)。 C. The boy like Peter is over there. D. A boy like Peter can39。t do it. A 句指外貌相似,而 D 句指性格相似。 21) stop to do sth 與 stop doing sth 1. stop to do sth 意為“停下來(lái)去做某事”。如: The students stop to listen to their teacher. 學(xué)生們停下來(lái)去聽(tīng)他們老師講話。 2. stop doing sth 意為“停止做某事”。如: The students stopped talking. 學(xué)生們停止了談話。 與它們相反的句式是: go on to do sth “ 繼續(xù)做某事(與剛才一事不同)”和 go on doing sth “繼續(xù)做某事(與剛才同一件事)”。如: He finishes his homework and goes on to study English. 他完成了作業(yè),接著繼續(xù)去念英語(yǔ)。 They went on playing games. 他們繼續(xù)玩游戲。 22) tell, speak, say 與 talk 1. tell 意為“告訴、講述”,指某人把某一件事、一條信息傳送給別人或講述一件事。如: He tells me that he wants to be a teacher. 他告訴我說(shuō)他想成為一位教師。 Father always tells interesting stories to us. 爸爸總是給我們講有趣的故事。 tell sb sth 意為“告知某人某事”。如: He told me something about his past. 他告訴我一些他的往事。 tell sb to do sth 意為 “告訴某人去做某事”。如: David told his son to do the homework. 大衛(wèi)要他的兒子去做作業(yè)。 2. speak 意為“說(shuō)話、講話”,后面主要接語(yǔ)言。如: He can speak English and a little Chinese. 他能講英語(yǔ)和一點(diǎn)漢語(yǔ)。 speak to 意為“和 .....講話、談話”。如: Can I speak to Mr Zhang? 我能和張先生講話嗎 ? speak of 意為“提到、說(shuō)起”。如: The book speaks of my hometown. 那本書(shū)提到我的家鄉(xiāng)。 3. talk 意為“談話、講話”,如果只有一方對(duì)另一方說(shuō)話時(shí),一般用 talk to;如果雙方或多方交談,多用 with。如: Please talk to him right now. 請(qǐng)立即同他談話。 He is talking with his friend. 他在和朋友交談。 talk about 意為“談?wù)?......”。如: They are talking about the movie. 他們?cè)谡務(wù)撃遣侩娪啊? have a talk with 意為“與 ......交談”。如: Can I have a talk with you? 我可以和你交談嗎? 4. say 意為“說(shuō)”。如: