激光加工工程(編輯修改稿)
2025-03-03 18:32 本頁(yè)面
【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 hined from simple stock materials. ? Engineering prototypes are classes of models which are functional prototypes like the mechanical prototypes but are typically made out the same engineering material as the final part. The size or footprint of the prototypes match the final design. These prototypes are used as final design checks or limited field testing. Low volume prototype casting processes are used for exotic parts as opposed to machining them out of stock. Metal parts may be sand cast or gravity poured. Even though parts may be made from the design intent engineering material, quality may still differ from the production run parts. ? Production prototypes are prototype parts which are made from the same engineering material that the final part will be made and manufactured from similar processes. The purpose of these parts is to test the manufacturing process and production part quality. These prototypes will have the material characteristics of production intent manufacturing. Therefore, early cycle time scenarios and production volumes can be forecasted from these prototypes. Also, reliability or failure studies on the actual part can be run with prototypes. Unlike many engineering prototypes, the parts could be included within validation cycles. Tooling for these prototypes is very expense and usually require long lead times because actual tooling inserts are required. As the Figure below shows, changes to prototype design at this point is very expense. Conventional Tooling Process ? To build prototype parts many conventional tooling processes are used. There are two approaches which are usually taken to make prototypes parts: part simulation and process simulation. Part simulation typically involves using simple processes like material removal to just get prototype parts made. Similar stock material may be machined to get a model. Other part simulation includes the models, mockups, and low level simulations. Prototypes built with process simulation are cast, drawn fed, stamped, etc. to build parts which will be similar to the production intent pieces. Process simulations include the mechanical, engineering, and production prototypes. The two types of tooling processes are mon to both part and process simulations are materialremoval processes and casting. Joining processes are also mon but will not be described explicitly. MaterialsRemoval Processes ? Traditional tooling processes for building parts typically enpasses material removal process. These processes include cutting, abrading, burning, and eroding. Cutting processing involve single or multiple point cutting tools such as milling or drilling bits. Abrading processes involve grinding, polishing or sanding. Burning and eroding processes involve utilizing electricity, chemicals, heat, or hydrodynamics to shape or remove material. ? Milling and drilling processes remove material by using a single point or multipoint tool to shear material (chips) away from the workpiece, the material being formed into the part. The workpiece is typically fixtured so that the cutting tool can remove material by rotating the tool while feeding the workpiece toward the cutter39。s tool face. High tolerances and sharp corners can be achieved by these processes. The
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