【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 crobiology 分子微生物 ? Mycobacteriology 結(jié)核菌 ? Mycology 真菌 ? Parasitology 寄生蟲 ? Virology 病毒 ? Special Pathogen Detection – Actinomyces spp.: Culture。 PCR – Bordetella pertussis: Culture。 PCR – Legionella pneumophila: Culture。 Direct fluorescent antibody。 PCR – Mycoplasma pneumoniae: PCR – Mycoplasma hominis/Ureaplasma urealyticum: Culture – Bartonella spp.: Culture。 PCR – Chlamydia pneumoniae: PCR – Chlamydia trachomatis: Culture。 PCR – Ehrlichia/Anaplasma: PCR – Borrelia burgdorferi: Culture。 PCR – Neisseria gonorrheae: Culture。 PCR ? Bacterial Identification – Gasliquid chromatography of glucose metabolic end products for anaerobe identification. – Cell wall fatty acid analysis for speciation of nonfermenting or unmon isolates. – 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence analysis for identification. ? Toxin Testing – Staphylococcus aureus PantonValentine leukocidin – Shigalike toxins 1 and 2 – Clostridium difficile toxin by antigen and cytotoxic methods ? Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing and Monitoring – Agar dilution susceptibility testing (MIC) – Antibiotic bacteriocidal determination (MIC/MBC) – Antibiotic serum activity (Schlichter test MID/MBD) – Antibiotic synergy testing – Antibiotic serum level determinations – Molecular determination of antibiotic resistance genes – Methicillin resistance (mecA) – Vanycin resistance (vanA。 vanB。 vanC) ? Molecular Epidemiology – Pulsedfield gel electrophoresis (PFGE) – Restriction fragmentlength polymorphisms (RFLP) ? EpsteinBarr virus (EBV) detection and quantification by PCR ? Parvovirus B19 PCR detection ? BK virus detection and quantification by PCR ? JC virus detection by PCR ? Cytomegalovirus (CMV) PCR detection ? VaricellaZoster virus (VZV) PCR detection ? Hepatitis C virus (HCV) quantification by PCR ? HCV genotype identification by direct sequencing ? Hepatitis B virus quantification by PCR ? Adenovirus detection by PCR ? Enterovirus detection by PCR ? High Risk HPV detection (HC2, Digene) ? Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Anaplasma phagocytophila (HGE agent) PCR detection ? Atypical pneumonia pathogen detection by PCR (Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophila, Chlamydia pneumoniae) ? Bacterial identification by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing ? Molecular epidemiology by PFGE or RFLP ? Staphylococcus enterotoxin and TSST1 gene and Shigalike toxin gene identification by PCR ? Bordetella pertussis PCR Detection ? Mycobacteriology ? Mycobacteria species identification and susceptibility testing, especially for patients with multiply resistant pathogens, is beyond the routine testing available in most hospital laboratories. The Johns Hopkins Hospital Mycobacteriology Laboratory offers the following testing: ? Culture/smear ? Speciation ? Mycobacterial blood culture ? Routine susceptibility testing for M. tuberculosis ? Susceptibility testing for select nonspecific mycobacteria upon request ? PCR for M. tuberculosis from smear positive respiratory (only) specimens ? Mycology ? Most clinical laboratories can only identify mon fungi, but the Hospital39。s diverse patient base gives the Microbiology Laboratory experience testing for speciation of unusual anisms and for performing yeast in vitro susceptibility testing. ? Fungal identification (yeast, dimorphics, filamentous) 真菌鑒定 ? Cryptococcus antigen detection (隱球菌抗原檢測） ? Fungal culture （真菌培養(yǎng)） ? Direct microscopic examination （直接鏡檢） – KOH – Calcofluor white （熒光染色，用于鑒別孢子蟲 ) – Giemsa ? Yeast in vitro susceptibility testing 酵母菌體外藥敏試驗 –Amphotericin B 二性霉素 B –Itraconazole 伊曲康唑 –Voriconazole 伏立康唑 –Fluconazole 弗康唑 –5fluorocytosine 5弗胞嘧啶 –Caspofungin卡波芬凈 ? Parasitology ? The Microbiology Laboratory has extensive experience diagnosing problems in international populations exposed to unfamiliar parasites, cancer patients who are immunesuppressed, and HIVinfected patients who are prone to develop unusual infections. ? Malaria and other blood parasites detection and identification 瘧原蟲和其他血寄生蟲的鑒別 – Cryptosporidium and Isospora identification 隱孢子蟲 – Microsporidium ssp. identification 小孢子蟲 – Pneumocystis carinii identification 卡氏肺囊蟲 – Giardia lamblia identification腸蘭伯式鞭毛蟲 ? ? Virology ? The Virology Laboratory within the Division of Medical Microbiology uses many different cell lines for c