產(chǎn)業(yè)組織與分析課程6(編輯修改稿)
2025-01-26 02:48 本頁(yè)面
【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 的使用與消耗通過規(guī)模的市場(chǎng)量來獲得利潤(rùn)和價(jià)值的實(shí)現(xiàn)，典型的快速消費(fèi)品包括日化用品、食品飲料、煙草等；藥品中的非處方藥 (OTC)通常也可以歸為此類。 ? 快速消費(fèi)品有三個(gè)基本特點(diǎn)，即： ——便利性：消費(fèi)者可以習(xí)慣性的就近購(gòu)買 ——視覺化產(chǎn)品：消費(fèi)者在購(gòu)買時(shí)很容易受到賣場(chǎng)氣氛的影響 ——品牌忠誠(chéng)度不高：消費(fèi)者很容易在同類產(chǎn)品中轉(zhuǎn)換不同的品牌 這些特征決定了消費(fèi)者對(duì)快速消費(fèi)品的購(gòu)買習(xí)慣是：簡(jiǎn)單、迅速、沖動(dòng)、感性。 2. Categories of Industry ? 以 Oracle公司為例 ? CMU: Communication, Media, Utility (Subscription based。 Billing by usage) ? FSI: Financial, Security, Insurance ? MRD: Manufacturing, Retail, Distribution ? GEH: Government, Education, Healthcare Examples of innovative Industries Semiconductor machinery manufacturing (. ESSEC) Fiber optic cable manufacturing Manufacture of pact discs except software Convenience stores Food/health supplement stores Cable works Satellite munications Paging Cellular and other wireless munications Telemunication resellers Credit card issuing Temporary help supply Telemarketing bureaus Hazardous waste collection HMO medical centers (Heath Maintenance Organization) Casinos Diet and weight reducing centers ?An industry is a set of panies whose products are close substitutes of one another.“ Michael Porter Another Industry List ?advertising/marketing services ?aerospace ?airlines ?apparel ?automobiles ?beverages ?broadcast media ?brokerage services ?casinos ?mercial banking ?puter hardware ?puter software ?electric and gas utilities ?electronics ?food processors ?health care services ?hotels ? insurance ? mail/package delivery ? paper products ? pharmaceuticals ? publishing ? restaurants: chains ? restaurants: franchises ? retailers: books ? retailers: building materials ? retailers: office supply ? retailers: supermarkets ? sporting goods ? telemunications ? textiles ? toys ? trucking Source: Sandra Hurd What’s industrial clusters ? 產(chǎn)業(yè)集群，指地方企業(yè)集群，是指一組在地理上靠近的相互聯(lián)系的公司和關(guān)聯(lián)的機(jī)構(gòu)，它們同處于一個(gè)特定的產(chǎn)業(yè)領(lǐng)域，由于具有共性和互補(bǔ)性而聯(lián)系在一起．與產(chǎn)業(yè)集群現(xiàn)像匹配的稱謂還有產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚、產(chǎn)業(yè)群簇、地方生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)、地方企業(yè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)等。英文文獻(xiàn)的稱之為 local clusters of enterprises, 或者說industrial clusters. ? 請(qǐng)思考：科技園區(qū)、新產(chǎn)業(yè)區(qū)與產(chǎn)業(yè)集群的關(guān)系 ? 請(qǐng)舉出你所了解的產(chǎn)業(yè)集群 波特 的鉆石理論 (nations
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