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r other security or any equity or restriction (including any relevant restriction imposed under the relevant law).“權(quán)利負(fù)擔(dān)”包括期權(quán)、收購(gòu)權(quán)、優(yōu)先權(quán)、抵押、押記、質(zhì)押、留置、押匯、所有權(quán)的產(chǎn)生、抵付權(quán)、反訴、信托安排或其他擔(dān)保、或股權(quán)、限制(包括有關(guān)法律規(guī)定的任何有關(guān)限制)?! nforce 釋義:enforce在法律英語(yǔ)中的意思是執(zhí)行,通常指依靠法律的強(qiáng)制力強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行等。如The failure of either party, in any one or more instances, to enforce any of the terms of this Agreement shall not be construed as a waiver of future enforcement of that or any other ,則不應(yīng)被解釋為協(xié)議放棄了將來(lái)對(duì)其強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行此項(xiàng)條款和其它條款的權(quán)利?! ngagement 釋義:engagement的通常含義是從事,在法律英語(yǔ)中的特殊含義是聘用,相當(dāng)于retain,如 Either party has the right to terminate the engagement by providing written notification to the other party. The engagement shall be deemed terminated once either party has received notice of ,聘用在另一方收到終止通知后即視為終止。 enter into 釋義:enter into僅僅用在法律英語(yǔ)中,且通常在合同中出現(xiàn),表示合同的鼎力。如The contract is made and entered into by and between Party A and Party B in ?! ntrust 釋義:entrust的含義是委托、信托。如entrust loan委托貸款,entrust lease 委托租賃,entrust the property to a fund把財(cái)產(chǎn)委托給基金進(jìn)行管理等?! quity 釋義:equity的意思是股權(quán),既不同于股票,也不同于出資,而是股票或出資所代表的權(quán)益,如equity interest權(quán)益,equity transfer agreement股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓協(xié)議,private equity非上市公司的股權(quán)等。Exclusive 釋義:exclusive是法律英語(yǔ)中出現(xiàn)頻率較高的一個(gè)單詞,意思是專有的、獨(dú)享的,如exclusive agent獨(dú)家代理商,exclusive jurisdiction專屬管轄權(quán),exclusive contract專買(mǎi)或?qū)Yu(mài)合同,exclusive license排他性許可,exclusive right等。 execute 釋義:execute是法律英語(yǔ)中常用也是比較容易出錯(cuò)的單詞,通常理解為合同的簽訂等。如the contract shall take effect upon its execution 合同自簽訂之日起生效。很多人容易把它理解為執(zhí)行,這是錯(cuò)誤的。但execution的確有執(zhí)行、履行的意思,如果它與表示一段的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,那肯定是執(zhí)行、履行的意思,如in the course of the execution of the contract在合同履行過(guò)程中?! inancing 釋義:financing的意思是融資,不是金融(finance),也不是形容詞經(jīng)濟(jì)的(financial),注意把三個(gè)單詞區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)。如project financing項(xiàng)目融資,financing manager融資經(jīng)理,financing decisionmaking融資決策等?! orthwith 釋義:forthwith在法律英語(yǔ)中的含義是立即,馬上,相當(dāng)于immediately,但由于法律英語(yǔ)文體的莊重性,一般不用immediately替換。如During the valid term of this Agreement,if any party changes its address at any time it shall forthwith notify the other party in writing of such change.在本協(xié)議有效期內(nèi),若任何一方在任何時(shí)候變更其地址,應(yīng)立即書(shū)面通知另一方。 Futures 釋義:futures也可以稱得上是一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)詞匯,其含義是期貨。對(duì)于這個(gè)單詞,比較容易望文生義理解成“未來(lái)”,而忽略了其復(fù)數(shù)形式。這個(gè)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式在法律英語(yǔ)中表示期貨,即買(mǎi)賣(mài)雙方約定在將來(lái)某一時(shí)間交割的商品或證券、外匯等,如futures sales(期貨交易),futures contract(期貨合同),futures market(期貨市場(chǎng))等。另外,futures本身單獨(dú)使用也可以指期貨合同?! race 釋義:grace是法律和經(jīng)濟(jì)等專業(yè)英語(yǔ)中用的都較多的一個(gè)單詞,意思是(還款)寬限期,如day of grace, grace period寬限期等?! ereby 釋義:古英語(yǔ)中較為典型的一個(gè),表示“在此,茲”,如we hereby reaches this agreement 我們謹(jǐn)達(dá)成如下本協(xié)議,With all that stated, we hereby advise as follows通過(guò)對(duì)以上事實(shí)的說(shuō)明,我們提出如下建議…. Honor 釋義:honor 通常用在票據(jù)法中,表示對(duì)票據(jù)的承兌,如all the instruments to be consistent with one another to be honored所有的票據(jù)都要彼此符合才能得到承兌,honor a bill承兌匯票等。 indemnify 釋義:indemnify是法律英語(yǔ)尤其是合同中一個(gè)常用單詞,意思是補(bǔ)償、賠償,比pensate(補(bǔ)償)的含義要廣泛。如Each party shall indemnify the other from any and all losses that may arise out of breach by such party of any of the warranties set forth in this ,應(yīng)向損失方做出賠償。 infant/minor 釋義:infant的一般含義是嬰兒,但在法律英語(yǔ)中表示未成年人, contract made by the an infant is voidable in accordance with the Chinese law.information 釋義:information也是法律英語(yǔ)中經(jīng)常用到一個(gè)單詞,其含義與在普通英語(yǔ)中一樣,都是信息,如information right知情權(quán),confidential information保密信息,information disclosure信息披露等固定用法?! nfringement 釋義:infringement的意思是侵犯、違反,通常指對(duì)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)等無(wú)形資產(chǎn)的侵害,如Distributor shall immediately notify Supplier, upon discovery thereof, of any infringement or potential infringement of Supplier’s interests in the Marks and undertakes to cooperate with Supplier in its efforts to cure such ,經(jīng)銷商應(yīng)立即通知供應(yīng)商,并應(yīng)與供應(yīng)商通力合作制止此類侵權(quán)行為。 issue 釋義:issue的意思是簽發(fā),如issue an order簽發(fā)命令,issue a notice簽發(fā)通知,issue stock發(fā)行證券,issue a draft開(kāi)具匯票等。用作名詞時(shí),意思是爭(zhēng)點(diǎn)、爭(zhēng)議點(diǎn),即當(dāng)事人之間關(guān)于事實(shí)或法律的爭(zhēng)議事項(xiàng),如issue at/in law 法律上的爭(zhēng)點(diǎn),issue of fact事實(shí)上的爭(zhēng)點(diǎn)等?! oint and several 釋義:joint and several是一個(gè)常用詞組,意思是連帶的,如joint and several liability連帶責(zé)任,又如a warranty,representation,undertaking, indemnity, covenant or agreement on the part of two or more persons binds them jointly and 、陳述、承諾、賠償、約定或協(xié)議負(fù)有連帶責(zé)任?! etter 釋義:letter是法律英語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的一個(gè)單詞,可以作為信函的意思,如fort letter 安慰函(政府或公司律師出具的證明公司良好的證明),attorney letter律師函,但更多的時(shí)候,letter應(yīng)當(dāng)理解為…書(shū),如Engagement letter聘用書(shū),conformation letter確認(rèn)書(shū), letter of intent意向書(shū),letter of pliance符合規(guī)定證明等?! iability 釋義:liability的意思是責(zé)任,通常指因違反法律或合同規(guī)定的義務(wù)而導(dǎo)致的民事責(zé)任。如legal liability法律責(zé)任,contractual liability合同責(zé)任等。Liability的形容詞是liable,通常用在be liable to do 或be liable to sb for sth 結(jié)構(gòu)中,如“Face Amount” means in respect of a BA Instrument, the amount payable to the holder on its maturity, and in respect of a Documentary Credit, the maximum amount which the issuing Person is contingently liable to pay to the Beneficiary.“票面金額”對(duì)銀行承兌匯票而言,指到期時(shí)應(yīng)付持票人的金額,對(duì)跟單信用證而言,指發(fā)行人可能應(yīng)付受益人的最大金額?! ien 釋義:lien是法律英語(yǔ)中的一個(gè)專門(mén)用于,意思是留置,但有時(shí)在法律文件中可能會(huì)對(duì)其含義作出擴(kuò)大性的定義,如“Lien” means any mortgage, charge, pledge, hypothecation, security interest, assignment, encumbrance, lien (statutory or otherwise), title retention agreement or arrangement, restrictive covenant or other encumbrance of any nature or any other arrangement or condition that in substance secures payment or performance of an obligation.“留置權(quán)”指本質(zhì)上保證清償或履行債務(wù)的任何抵押、擔(dān)保、出質(zhì)、質(zhì)押、擔(dān)保物權(quán)、讓與、債務(wù)負(fù)擔(dān)、留置(法定或其它方式的)、保留所有權(quán)協(xié)議或安排、限制性約定或任何性質(zhì)的其它債務(wù)負(fù)擔(dān)或任何其它安排或條件?! imitation 釋義:limitation的常用含義是限制,如責(zé)任限制,可以說(shuō)是limitation of liability。Limitation在法律英語(yǔ)中的特殊含義是時(shí)效,如lapse of limitation已過(guò)時(shí)效等?! iquidation 釋義:liquidation 在法律英語(yǔ)中通常指企業(yè)的清算,如If a receiver, manager or other custodian (interim or permanent) of the Collateral or any part thereof is appointed by private instrument or by court order, if any execution, winding up, liquidation, sequestration, extent or other process of any court bees enforceable against of with respect to the Debtor or the Collateral or any part thereof, or if distress or analogous process is made against the Collateral or any part ,對(duì)“擔(dān)保物”或其任何部分任命了接管人、管理人或其它保管人(暫時(shí)或永久的),或如果任何法院對(duì)“債務(wù)人”或“擔(dān)保物”或其任何部分的任何執(zhí)行、倒閉、清算、扣押、扣留或其它處分成為可執(zhí)行的,或如果對(duì)“擔(dān)保物”或其任何部分提起扣押或類似處分。 list 釋義:list在法律英語(yǔ)中通常指股票的上市,如listed pany上市公司,listing shares上市股票等。promotion 釋義:promotion在法律英語(yǔ)中指發(fā)起(公司)等,是公司設(shè)立方式的一種。如there are to ways to inco