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tape recorder was not working right, I returned it to the store.解題思路:(1)了解plex sentence(復合句)的構成:plex sentence(復合句)包含一個主句及一個或多個從句。從句分為名詞性從句、形容詞性從句和副詞性從句。(2)第4題原句是pound sentence(并列句),兩個分句為因果關系,要把pound sentence(并列句)重寫成plex sentence(復合句)時,只需將第一個分句改為由從屬連接詞because引導的原因狀語從句即可。典型錯誤:(錯誤)I returned the tape recorder to the store, for it was not working right.(分析)for雖然也可引導表示原因的分句,但它是并列連接詞,用在pound sentence(并列句)中,這點與because、as、since等引導原因狀語從句的從屬連接詞不同。 sentence的掌握和運用。例題:1. If you want me to clean your windows, please give me a week’s notice. I am very busy this month. (poundplex sentence)答案:1. If you want me to clean your windows, please give me a week’s notice, for I am verybusy this month.解題思路:(1)了解poundplex sentence(并列復合句)的構成:顧名思義,poundplex sentence(并列復合句)是由復合句并列而形成的。具體地說,poundplex sentence(并列復合句)可以是一個簡單句與一個主從復合句用并列連接詞連接起來的,也可以是兩個主從復合句的并列。(2)第1題原句中的第一個句子是含有條件狀語從句的主從復合句,第一句與第二句是前因后果的關系,將兩句話用并列連接詞for連接起來,即可合并為一個pound plex sentence(并列復合句)。典型錯誤:(錯誤)Please give me a week’s notice if you want me to clean your windows, because Iam very busy this month.(分析)此句仍是plex sentence(復合句),因為because為從屬連接詞。在表示原因的連接詞中,只有for是并列連接詞,用于連接兩個具有并列關系的分句。閱卷中發(fā)現(xiàn),相當多的考生沒有掌握好連接詞for的用法。6. 考核知識點:考查對parallel structure概念的掌握和運用例題:1. Minnie bought a ticket to the play. She went out for dinner. She arrived at the theater by 8:00. (Parallel structure)答案:1. Minnie bought a ticket to the play, went out for dinner, and arrived at the theater by 8:00. 解題思路:(1)明確parallel structure(平行結構)的特點:parallel structure(平行結構)是把兩個或兩個以上意思并列的成分用同等的語法形式表示出來。平行的結構可以是單詞、詞組、從句,也可以是句子。(2)第1題原有的三個短句中,主語均為Minnie,謂語動詞bought、went out、及arrived是意思并列的成分,可以成為平行結構。典型錯誤:(錯誤)Minnie bought a ticket to the play, arrived at the theater by 8:00, and went out fordinner.(分析)Minnie買票、外出吃飯、到達劇院是按照時間順序先后發(fā)生的,次序不能隨意更改。(錯誤)Minnie bought a ticket to the play, went out for dinner, then arrived at the theater by8:00.(分析)then不是并列連接詞,不能取代and。II.改寫病句(本大題共5小題,每小題3分,共15分)1. 考查對連接詞(joining word)使用錯誤的識別與修正。例題:1. Your sales are up, therefore, your bonus is forthing.答案:1. Your sales are up。 therefore, your bonus is forthing.解題思路:(1) 連接詞(joining word)可分為連詞(如:and, but, for, so, because, although, since等)和連接性副詞(如:therefore, consequently, accordingly, moreover, furthermore, otherwise, likewise, however, nevertheless等)。連詞和連接性副詞在用法上有很多相似之處,但也有不同點。(2) 連詞和連接性副詞在連接兩個分句時,前后使用的標點符號不同:連詞之前常用逗號(,),之后通常不用標點;而連接性副詞之前要求用分號(;)或句號(.),之后常用逗號(,)。(3)該句最簡便的修正方法是將連接性副詞therefore前的逗號(,)改為分號(;)。另外也可改為:Your sales are up. Therefore, your bonus is forthing. amp。quot。評分標準amp。quot。中規(guī)定:amp。quot。與標準答案不一致,但句子結構正確,表意準確,也得滿分。否則,酌情給分或不得分。典型錯誤:(錯誤)If your sales are up, your bonus will be forthing(分析)原句中的兩個分句之間是因果關系,而不是假設關系。(錯誤)Your bonus is forthing, therefore, your sales are up.(分析)有些考生識別不出病句結構上的錯誤,就以為句義有誤,對兩個分句的因果關系作了調整。值得注意的是,寫作基礎試卷改寫病句一題中的病句通常錯在結構上,而不是語義上。(fragmentary sentence)的識別和修正。例題:1. People worked together on the assembly line. Moving quickly and efficiently. They wanted to make as much money as possible.答案:1. People worked together on the assembly line, moving quickly and efficiently. They wanted to make s much money as possible.解題思路:(1)了解破句(fragmentary sentence)的特點:把句子的一部分當成了一個句子。英語中一個完整的句子必須包含amp。quot。主語+謂語amp。quot。結構,否則就是破句(fragmentary sentence)。(2)找出病句中結構不完整的句子(即不包含主謂結構的句子):Moving quickly and efficiently. (3)由于用分詞結構而引起的破句的修改方法為:將分詞結構還原為謂語形式使其獨立成句,或者將分詞結構與其前面或后面的句子融合在一起。本句最簡便的修正方法是將moving前的句號(.)變成逗號(,),使moving quickly and efficiently融入前面的句子,成為表示伴隨狀況的分詞短語。典型錯誤:(錯誤)People worked together on the assembly line, moving quickly and efficiently, theywanted to make as much money as possible.(分析)這是一個串句 (runon sentence),誤將兩個獨立分句合寫在一個句子里面而沒有適當?shù)胤蛛x標識。(錯誤)People worked together on the assembly line moving quickly and efficiently. Theywanted to make as much money as possible.(分析)moving的邏輯主語是people,不是assembly line,因此moving前必須有逗號(,),否則分詞短語moving quickly and efficiently就變成了修飾名詞assembly line的定語,而不再是謂語動詞worked的伴隨狀況。(dangling modifier)的識別