英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)培訓(xùn)教程(編輯修改稿)
2025-05-04 01:05 本頁(yè)面
【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 e she asked. 2. The question mark is used after a statement turned into a question ( said in a rising tune ). You like it You want to buy it The first time to the United States 3. A question mark put between parentheses indicates the writer39。s uncertainty about the correctness of the preceding word, figure or date. Cao Xueqing was born in 1715 ( ), and died in poverty in 1764 ( ). The Exclamation Mark ( ! ) 1. The exclamation mark is used after an exclamatory sentence, or an emphatic interjection, or a phrase expressing strong emotion. Wow! What beautiful flowers! Help! It is on fire! The exclamation mark indicates strong emphasis and therefore it should be used sparingly. It is preferable to close a mild interjection with a ma or a period. (Do not use it frequently!) the exclamation mark is used after a slogan. Long live the Peoples Republic of China! NATO Out! The Semicolon ( 。 ) 1. The semicolon is used between two coordinate clauses which are not linked by a conjunction. We wanted to go on, but other people disappeared. She was interested in history years ago。 today her main interest is art. Each of the above two sentences can be turned into two separate sentences without any change in meaning except some lack of closeness in them. 2. Conjunctive adverbs like therefore, however, nonetheless, hence, otherwise, besides, moreover, etc., should not be used as conjunctions to link two coordinate clauses. Before them there should be a semicolon, not a ma. He promised to e the meeting。 however, she would been caught in the storm. 3. The semicolon is used with conjunctions when the clauses contain internal punctuation. 4. A ma is used to separate a series of items with internal mas. The Colon ( : ) 1. The colon is used to introduce a quotation or a statement . It will do everyone good to remember this old saying: One will know that he does not know enough after he begins to learn. 2. ThSentence WritingRequirements for a correct sentence: It should be structurally plete. It should begin with a capital letter. It should end with a full stop, or a question mark, or an exclamation mark. It should express a single plete idea.Correct Sentences Completeness in Structure A grammatically plete sentence is one that contains at least a subject and a predicate verb(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞)and it begins with a capital letter and ends with a full stop. If the verb is transitive(及物動(dòng)詞), there must be an object。 if the verb is a link verb(系動(dòng)詞), there must be a predicative(表語(yǔ)) or plement(補(bǔ)語(yǔ)). Examples (√) We have a lesson on Monday night.(√)To think about the gift makes me happy.(√) After this meal, they were ready to set out.()Hoping she would accept his apology.()A school that was a bad experience.()With no difference except the color.The Right Subject 1) Not knowing his name, it was difficult to introduce him. 2) To look at a map, the importance of the road is seen. 3)Stuck in the mud, they had to push the car. In the above sentences the subjects are not properly related to the gerunds, participles or infinitive in the first parts of the sentences.Agreement Between S. (subject) amp。 P. (predicate verb) The predicate verb of a sentence has to agree with the subject in person and number. Collective nouns like family and audience may be either singular or plural, depending on the meaning in which they are used. If you think of family, government, etc. as one whole, a singular verb is needed. If you think of them as made up of a number of people, a plural verb is needed. The whole family are going out for BBQ.This family is the happiest one in our town.There is a great audience in the playground.The audience are shocked by the news. When two subjects refer to different persons or are different in number, the verb should agree with the subject close to it. Neither he nor you are arriving at the right time.There is a pen and four books on the desk. Words after together with, in addition to, besides, etc., are objects of prepositions。 they do not affect the number of the subject. The plays, as well as the captain, want very much to win. A subject clause generally takes a singular verb, but a whatclause which clearly refers to many things can take a plural verb. How he manages to do it remains a mystery.What he wanted to know were the pay, the living and working conditions.Agreement Between Pronoun amp。 AntecedentJust as the predicate verb of a sentence has to agree with the subject in person and number, so a pronoun has to agree with its antecedent.After a pound antecedent with or, nor, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, a pronoun agrees with the nearer part of the antecedent.A singular pronoun follows a collective noun antecedent when the members of the group are considered as a unit。 a plural pronoun, when they are thought of individually.
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