英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)培訓(xùn)教程(參考版)
2025-04-10 01:05本頁(yè)面
【正文】 t I tell you not to be late What are you talking about Nonsense.Is that what you are going to give me Variety (多樣性)It is often good to vary sentence structures and mix short long, simple and pound or plex, loose and periodic sentences, so long as the meaning is properly expressed. A series of sentences of the same structure and length with the same noun or pronoun as the subjects produce monotony.For example:1)She hurried down to the bank, withdrew all her savings, and gave them to her old mother.Hurrying down to the bank, she withdrew all her savings and gave them to her old mother.2)When they saw the curtain go up, the audience gasped in surprise and started applauding loudly.Seeing the curtain go up, the audience gasped in surprise and started applauding loudly.Or: The audience saw the curtain go up, gasped in surprise, and started applauding loudly.186 / 186。 she thinks the quality of things is more important.She does not care too much about prices。 attention, so important elements of a sentence should be put at these two places, especially the end. For example:1) The teacher nodded with satisfaction when he was listening to her. The teacher, while listening to her, kept nodding with satisfaction. 2) The plane circled around the airport for ten minutes and then disappeared in the clouds. After circling around the airport for ten minutes, the plane disappeared in the clouds. Climactic sequenceIn enumerating things or ideas, we should start from the least important and end with the most important, or in the climactic sequence.For example:He said he had lost interest in life, fame, position and money after that tragedy.He said after tragedy he had lost interest in money, position, fame, and even life.The use of verbs in the active voiceVerbs are generally more emphatic than nouns or any other part of speech.For example:The work was finished by them last night.They finished the work last night.But when the receiver of an action is more important than the doer, the passive voice is preferable.When she got off the bus, lots of people weled her warmly.When she got (getting) off the bus, she was warmly weled by lots of people.Subordination(使用從屬結(jié)構(gòu))Subordinating a part of a sentence is a way of giving emphasis to the main part / idea of the sentence. For example:A plane is wheeling over the city.A plane is wheeling over the city, producing a big noise that surprised the inhabitants.Repeating important wordsRepetition as a rule should be avoided, but occasionally important words can be repeated for the sake of emphasis:For example:1) He speaks German well. His written German is also good.He speaks German well。 Do not make unnecessary changes in tense, voice, or mood. Do not use different forms to express parallel ideas.For example:1) A man is judged not only by what he says but also by his deeds (by what he does ). 2) We thought she was charming, intelligent, and a very capable young woman (a charming, intelligent and capable young woman). 3) After listening to the speaker39。 Do not use a dangling modifier。s.After many years Bill remembered me better than Carl did.Correct Use of Tense Whenever we make a sentence, we should ask ourselves when the thing mentioned happens, and the right tense to report it. 1) He told/tells me that he is much better now. 2) She returned the book I lend/lent to her yesterday. 3) Last time we saw a film, and it is/was a good one. Types of SentenceAccording to their use, we have ― 1) declarative sentences. (陳述句) 2) interrogative sentences.(疑問(wèn)句) 3) imperative sentences.(祈使句) 4) exclamation sentences. (感嘆句) According to their structure, we have ― simple sentences. (簡(jiǎn)單句) 2) pound sentences. (并列句)3) plex sentences. (復(fù)合句) 4) poundplex sentences. (并列復(fù)合句)Types of SentenceFrom a rhetorical(修辭) point of view, we have ― 1) loose sentences. (松散句) 2) periodic sentences. (工整句) 3) balanced sentences. (對(duì)杖句) 4) Short and long sentences (長(zhǎng)短句) Coordination(并列) and Subordination(從屬)When we mention two or more things or ideas of equal importance, we often use coordinate clauses joined with a coordinating conjunction (and, but, or, nor, yet, so, or for). (coordination)When we express an important idea in a main clause and one or more less important ideas in subordinate clauses, we are using the method of subordination.The choice of coordination or subordinations mainly decided by the relationship between the ideas to be expressed.Effective Sentences Unity (統(tǒng)一性)Coherence (連貫性) Conciseness(簡(jiǎn)潔性)Emphasis (有重點(diǎn)性) Variety (多樣性)Unity (統(tǒng)一性)Unity is the first quality of an effective sentence. It refers to two qualities: there is only one main idea in a sentence, and that idea is plete.Ideas that are closely connected can be expressed in one sentence, while ideas that are not closely connected should not be put into one sentence.1)_ Born in a small town in South China in the early 50s, he grew up to be a famous musician. ()2)_ He is from Hebei, and I am 22 years old now.()Coherence (連貫性)Coherence means clear and reasonable connection betw
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