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I’d like to know how old the manager is. 我想知道經(jīng)理有多大年紀(jì)。 He inquired how it was done. 他問(wèn)這事做得怎么樣了。 Please advise me which item I should buy. 請(qǐng)問(wèn)我該先買哪個(gè)品種。 Tell me why it is so important? 告訴我為什么此事這么重要? They do not know what the words mean. 他們不知道這些字的意思是什么。 Tell me what happened yesterday. 告訴我昨天所發(fā)生的事。 What they talked about is what we want to know. 他們談?wù)撌裁词俏覀兯胍赖氖隆? She washed her hair every night and measured how much it grew in a week. 她每晚洗頭發(fā),而且量量看一星期長(zhǎng)多少。 You will never know how much your encouragement meant to me. 你決不會(huì)知道你的鼓勵(lì)對(duì)我多么有意義。... whether / if ...結(jié)構(gòu)︰主要子句+whether/if+子句說(shuō)明︰此句型意為“…是否…”??谡Z(yǔ)中使用 if 較為普遍。如果子句中帶有 or not 等詞,則只能用 whether;另外,whether 不能引導(dǎo)否定的間接疑問(wèn)句,而 if 則可以。 He asked me the question whether the price was too high. 他問(wèn)我價(jià)格是否太高。 They asked him whether the quality is fine or not. 他們問(wèn)他質(zhì)量是否好。 Tell me whether you like this color. 告訴我你喜不喜歡這種顏色。 Tell me if it doesn’t rain. 告訴我是否下不了雨。 Ask him if it is true. 問(wèn)他那是不是真的。 I wonder if he is in the school. 我想知道他是否在學(xué)校。Do you know if/where ...結(jié)構(gòu)︰一般疑問(wèn)句+疑問(wèn)詞(what/where/when 等)+子句說(shuō)明︰此句為雙重疑問(wèn)句。疑問(wèn)詞后面采用正常詞序,不用倒裝詞序。 Can you tell me where the teacher has gone? 你能告訴我老師到哪里去了嗎? Have you any idea where he es from? 他是哪里人,您知道不知道? Do you know if they like this new item? 你知道他們是否喜歡這個(gè)新品種? Do you know who wants to go with me? 你知道誰(shuí)想跟我一起去嗎? Do you know when the train will leave? 你知道火車何時(shí)開(kāi)嗎? Can you tell me how much you earn a month? 你能告訴我你一個(gè)月賺多少嗎?He is ..., is he?結(jié)構(gòu)︰肯定式陳述句+肯定式反問(wèn)句說(shuō)明︰這種疑問(wèn)句型的前后一致,都是肯定式結(jié)構(gòu)。后一部分進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)前一部分的內(nèi)容,是不需要回答的一種修辭方式。 We are old friends, not strangers, right? 我們是老朋友了,不是陌生人,是嗎? He’s a capable businessman, is he? 他是一位很有能力的業(yè)務(wù)員,可不是嗎? So you e importing Chinese textiles, do you? 原來(lái)你是來(lái)進(jìn)口中國(guó)紡織品的,是么? So you’ve been to Shanghai, have you? 原來(lái)你去過(guò)上海,是吧?... what ...?結(jié)構(gòu)︰…疑問(wèn)詞(在句中任何位置上)…說(shuō)明︰疑問(wèn)詞不是位于句子開(kāi)頭,而是在句子中任何位置上,這種方法十分簡(jiǎn)單,因此在口語(yǔ)中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)。 Two times what number makes ten? 什么數(shù)的兩倍是十? You will go where? 你要到哪里去? You are twentywhat this year? 你今年二十幾歲? He’s your who? 他是你什么人?What/How about + N/Ving?結(jié)構(gòu)︰What/How about+名詞/動(dòng)名詞?說(shuō)明︰此句型意為“…如何?”。這是征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)或提議的委婉說(shuō)法。 What about the name Smith? 史密斯這個(gè)名字怎么樣? What about going to a movie? 去看場(chǎng)電影如何? What about lending me some money? 借點(diǎn)錢給我如何? What about washing the car on Sunday? 禮拜天洗車怎么樣? How about the others? 剩余的怎么樣? How about a drink? 來(lái)一杯吧? How about a cup of coffee at a nearby coffee shop? 去附近的咖啡屋喝杯咖啡吧?What if ...?結(jié)構(gòu)︰What if+主詞+動(dòng)詞說(shuō)明︰此句型意為“如果…的話怎么辦呢?”。但經(jīng)常用于反語(yǔ),有時(shí)也變成“即使…也沒(méi)關(guān)系”之意。 What if it is true? 如果這是真的又該如何呢? What if he doesn’t agree? 如果他不同意該怎么辦呢? What if he es back now? 如果他現(xiàn)在回來(lái)怎么辦? What if the boy’s parents should die? 如果那男孩的父母死了該怎么辦呢? What if I fail! 即使我失敗了又怎樣!What ... for?結(jié)構(gòu)︰What+助動(dòng)詞+主詞+動(dòng)詞…+for?說(shuō)明︰此句型意為“為什么…?”。相當(dāng)于“For what…?” What are you running for? 你為什么在跑步? What do you want it for? 你為什么要那個(gè)? What did they go there for? 他們?yōu)槭裁慈ツ抢??How else ...?結(jié)構(gòu)︰How else+助動(dòng)詞+主詞+助動(dòng)詞?說(shuō)明︰此句型意為“…還有別的方法嗎?”。 How else should a father in this modern world express his affection and concern for his own son? 現(xiàn)代這個(gè)世界上,父親還應(yīng)該有別的方法來(lái)對(duì)自己的兒子表示愛(ài)護(hù)和關(guān)心嗎? How else can the doctor save him? 醫(yī)院還有別的方法可以救他嗎? How else can I apologize for her? 我還能有別的方法可以向她道歉嗎?假設(shè)法句型If + Present Tense ..., S + will/shall + V ...結(jié)構(gòu)︰If+現(xiàn)在式…,S+未來(lái)式…說(shuō)明︰if 子句用現(xiàn)在式,表示須具備的條件,主句用未來(lái)式表示可能的結(jié)果,整句含意為“如果…,那么…”。will 用于所有的人稱,在 I 和 we 之后可用 shall 代替 will。若主句的主詞為 I 或 we 時(shí),可以用 shall 代替 will。像 if necessary(如果需要),if possible(如果可能),if so(如果這樣)等固定詞組實(shí)際上是省略了的 if 子句。 If I lose my job, I will/shall go abroad. 如果我失業(yè)了,我就出國(guó)。 If I have a headache, I will take an aspirin. 如果我頭痛,我就服一片阿斯匹林。 If it rains, we will stay at home. 如果下雨,我們將待在家里。 If the weather clears, we’ll go for a walk. 如果天晴,我們就去散步。 If the weather doesn’t clear, we won’t go for a walk. 如果天不晴,我們就不去散步。 Inflation may be rising, if (it is) so, prices will go up.通貨膨脹率可能上升。如果是這樣,物價(jià)就會(huì)上漲。 If possible, She wants to go with us. 可能的話,她想跟我們一起去。 Sterling may fall, if (this should be) so, interest rates will rise. 英國(guó)貨幣可能貶值,如果果真如此,利率就會(huì)上升。If + Present Tense ..., S + Modal Verb ...結(jié)構(gòu)︰If + 現(xiàn)在式,主詞+情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞說(shuō)明︰本句型實(shí)為If + Present Tense ..., S + will/shall + V ...句型之變體。之所以用情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞,主要是因?yàn)檎f(shuō)話者對(duì)可能的結(jié)果不是太肯定或者是想表達(dá)例如必要的意思。 If it is fine tomorrow, we can go out. 如果明天天氣好,我門可以出門。 If it is fine tomorrow, we could go out. 如果明天天氣好,我門能夠出門。 If it is fine tomorrow, we may go out. 如果明天天氣好,我門可能出門。 If it is fine tomorrow, we might go out. 如果明天天氣好,我門可能出門。 If it is fine tomorrow, we should go out. 如果明天天氣好,我門宜于出門。 If it is fine tomorrow, we ought to go out. 如果明天天氣好,我門宜于出門。 If it is fine tomorrow, we must go out. 如果明天天氣好,我門必須出門。If I should ..., Imperative Sentence.結(jié)構(gòu)︰If I+should ...+祈使語(yǔ)氣說(shuō)明︰If + should + V代替if + 現(xiàn)在式,增加了條件的不確定性。本句型常用在想禮貌地提出要求或建議,或者想圓通地告訴他人該做什么事的場(chǎng)合。用 should 起始句子即可不用 if 而表示條件。這種用法比較正式,常用于諸如公函之中,而不用于日常會(huì)話。 If you should see him, please give him my regards. 如果你見(jiàn)到他,請(qǐng)代我向他致意。 Should you see him, please give him my regards. 如果你見(jiàn)到他,請(qǐng)代我向他致意。 If you should happen to see him, please give him my regards.如果你萬(wàn)一見(jiàn)到他,請(qǐng)代我向他致意。 Should you happen to see him, please give him my regards. 如果你萬(wàn)一見(jiàn)到他,請(qǐng)代我向他致意。 If you should write to her, send her my love. 如果你給她寫信,請(qǐng)代我向她問(wèn)候。 Should you not wish our agent to call, please let us know. 你若不希望我們的代理人去造訪,請(qǐng)告之。 Should you be interested in our offer, please contact us.你若對(duì)我們的報(bào)價(jià)感興趣,請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系。If I should ..., I will ...結(jié)構(gòu)︰If…should…,…would(will)/should(shall)等+原形動(dòng)詞說(shuō)明︰這是表示與未來(lái)事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)句型,if 子句要用助動(dòng)詞 should,譯成“萬(wàn)一”。should可置于主詞前,將 if 省略。主要子句的助動(dòng)詞則視可能性做變化:若可能性低,則為過(guò)去式,若可能性高,則為現(xiàn)在式。should 可以提前,而將 if 省略。 If he should e, I would tell him the truth. 萬(wàn)一他來(lái),我會(huì)把真相告訴他。 If he should e, I will tell him the truth. 萬(wàn)一他來(lái),我一定會(huì)把真相告訴他。 Shou