【文章內容簡介】 濟關系，除了貿易外，還在相互的資金、生產和技術合作與交流規(guī)模上不斷擴大和深化，使得兩地經濟聯(lián)系突破傳統(tǒng)的貿易單一格局，呈現(xiàn)出多元化發(fā)展的趨勢。【譯文】The openup policy and reforms adopted in the Chinese mainland have spurred its economic links with Hong Kong and links have been strengthened through the introduction of capital and technology transfer,which is a breakthrough in the traditional trading relationship.【點評】銜接對語篇的連貫起重要作用，翻譯時不可不注意句與句之間的銜接。銜接可依靠詞匯手段和句法手段來進行，詞匯手段包括詞語的重復、指代、省略、替代等。本例中漢語原文包含兩層意思，第一層意思是內地的改革開放對大陸與港澳地區(qū)經濟關系的促進，英譯文以一句譯出，將“theeconomic links”作謂語動詞“spur”的賓語。在翻譯第二層意思時，譯文承上啟下，以重復“These links”的辦法將第二句同第一句密切地銜接起來，使得譯文前后貫通，過度自然。201605學術英語翻譯作業(yè) 漢譯英選擇PP3，或PP4 （打印在一頁紙上）P 1教育孩子懂禮貌、謙虛和忍讓是父母的責任。作為父母的最重要的一項責任就是向其子女傳授正直、正派、尊重他人的價值觀。但是，老師和學校管理者絕不應成為倫理道德的旁觀者。假如我們希望實現(xiàn)我們學校的宗旨，不僅教育學生，而且要鼓勵他們實現(xiàn)每個人的自身價值。我們就絕不能放棄把本校建設成為一個道德社會的理想。在這里人人均須以禮待人、容忍他人的不同意見。English TranslationIt39。s parents39。 duty to educate children to be polite, modest and tolerant. One of the most important responsibilities for parents is that imparting to their children the values of integrity, decency and respect others. But teachers and school administrators should never be the ethical bystander. Our school aims not only to educate students, but also encourage them to achieve the value of themselves. If we want to achieve our aim, we can not give up the ideal of building the school into a moral ideal of the society. Everyone here must be polite to others and tolerate others39。 different opinions. P 3文學的工具是語言文字。我們第一須認識語言文字，其次須有運用語言文字的技巧。這事看似很容易，因為一般人日常都在運用語言文字；但實際上是極難的，因為文學要用平常的語言文字產生不平常的效果。文學家對于語言文字的了解，必須比一般人較精確，然后可以運用自如。他必須懂得字的形聲字的組織以及音義與組織對于讀者所產生的影響。這要包含文學、邏輯學、文法、美學和心理各種知識?！粋€人想做出第一流文學作品，別的條件不用說，單說語文研究一項，他必須具有深厚的修養(yǎng)，他必須達到有話都可以說出而且說得好的程度。English TranslationLanguage is the tool of literary. Firstly, we must know the language. And then, we need the skill to use it. It seems to be easy for the reason that all people use language in daily life. In fact, it is quite difficult as the result of that literary needs to use mon language make unusual effect. Litterateurs39。 understanding of word must be more accurate than everyman, so they can have a perfect mand of it. He must know not only about the organization of phonological symbol but also the effect of pronunciation, meaning and organizations to readers. To achieve this goal, they need knowledge that includes literature, logic, grammar, aesthetics and psychology……If a person would like to make a firstclass literary works, other conditions, needless to say, only said a language research item. He must have a profound culture. What39。s more, he has to achieve the degree that he has something to say and his word is meaningful.Unit 1 發(fā)言提綱是有效發(fā)言的基礎。通過寫發(fā)言提綱，你可以確保你的想法是關聯(lián)的，你的思路從一點談到另一點，你的講話結構是連貫的，通常準備演講你可以采用兩種提綱方式：詳細準備提綱和簡單發(fā)言提綱。 Outlines are essential to effective outlining, you make sure that related ideas are together, that your thoughts flow from one to another, and that the structure of your speech is coherent. You will probably use two kinds of outlines for your speechesthe detailed preparation outline and the brief speaking outline. 在準備提綱中，應該寫出你的特定目的及中心思想，并以連貫的方式確定主要觀點和次要觀點。發(fā)言提綱應該由簡要的提要組成，這些提要在你講話時能夠給你一些幫助。發(fā)言提綱還應包括幫助你記憶的重點詞或重點短語。在寫發(fā)言提綱時，可采用準備提綱的模式，盡可能使你的發(fā)言提綱簡要，同時，要確保提綱清晰、易于辨認。 In a preparation outline, you should state your specific purpose and central idea, and identify main points and subpoints using a consistent pattern. The speaking outline should consist of brief notes to help you while you deliver the speech. It should contain key words or phrases to bolster your memory. In making up your speaking outline, follow the same visual framework used in your preparation outline. Keep the speaking outline as brief as possible and be sure it is plainly legible.當你發(fā)表學術演講時，首先要做好充分的準備；其次，你演講的主要觀點要明確，層次要清楚。演講時，語速不要過快，語言要清晰。不要總是在讀你準備好的稿子。最后，你應該經?？匆幌履愕穆牨?。這樣，一方面你對你的聽眾表示尊重，另一方面，你可以更順利地進行你的演講。Before you deliver an academic speech, you should, first of al, get well prepared for it. Then, you should make your major points clear in your speech, and your speech should be well organized. When speaking, you should not speak too fast, and your language should be explicit. Don’t always read the notes you prepared beforehand. From time to time, you should look at your audience. On one hand, you can show your respect to your audience, and on the other hand, you will be able to go on with your speech more smoothly. Unit2 能源和人類利益有著雙重關系，人力歷史發(fā)展長河中，由于利用能源成本低廉，人們主要關注能源和人類安康關系中有利的一面，然而，過去一百年來人口以空前速度增長，引起了能源需求的激增，同時，人均工業(yè)能源需求亦急劇增長，因此，能源利用所需成本越來越高，無論是外延成本還是內涵成本。一方面，能源資源加速減少，能源供應所需投入越來越高；另一方面，相比之下，外延成本呢更加令人憂慮，原因是能源利用嚴重威脅大眾健康和安全，不斷破壞全球生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，并可能引發(fā)大規(guī)模軍事沖突。 Energy has a dual relationship with human most of human history,man has been concerned mainly about the benefit side of the energy － wellbeing equation thank to the low costs involved in energy ,with the staggering scale of energy demand brought forth by 100 years of unprecedented population growth, coupled with an equally remarkable growth in per capita demand of industrial energy forms,energy entails increasingly higher costs,both external and the one hand,energy resources are reducing at an accelerating speed and energy supply requires higher the other hand,the external costs seem more worrisome because energy use poses serious threats to public health and safety,keeps disrupting the global ecosystem,and may trigger largescale military conflict. 以上各種因素究竟如何影響能源供應的資金成本難以量化，部分原因是許多非環(huán)境因素實際上同環(huán)境因素相互交織在一起。比如，造成工程施工延誤的原因，不但有管理上的限制，而且有工程、管理以及質量監(jiān)控等方面的問題。然而在美國，過去20年中由于環(huán)境影響，石油產品供應的資金成本至少上升了25%，而火電和核電生產的資金成本則上升了40%，甚至更多。 It is difficult to quantify the total contribution of all these factors to the monetary costs of energy supply, in part because factors not related to the environment are often entwined with environmental ones. For example, construction delays have been caused not just by regulatory constraints but also by problems of engineering, management and quality control.