【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ent. We take out home loans we can39。t afford. We run up skyhigh creditcard debt. We don39。t save nearly enough for retirement.In response, supporters of financialliteracy education are moving with renewed enthusiasm. School districts in states such as New Jersey and Illinois are adding moneymanagement courses to their curriculums. The Treasury and Education departments are sending lesson plans to high schools and encouraging students to pete in the National Financial Capability Challenge that begins in March. Students with top scores on that exam will receive certificates but chances for longterm benefits are slim. As it turns out, there is little evidence that traditional efforts to boost financial knowhow help students make better decisions outside the classroom. Even as the financialliteracy movement has gained steam over the past decade, scores have been falling on tests that measure how well students learn about things such as budgeting, credit cards, insurance and investments. A recent survey of college students conducted for the Jump Start Coalition for Personal Financial Literacy found that students who39。d had a personalfinance or moneymanagement course in high school scored no better than those who hadn39。t.We need to figure out how to do this the right way, says Lewis Mandell, a professor at the University of Washington who after 15 years of studying financialliteracy programs has e to the conclusion that current methods don39。t work. A growing number of researchers and educators agree that a more radical approach is needed. They advocate starting financial education a lot earlier than high school, putting real money and spending decisions into kids39。 hands and talking openly about the emotions and social influences tied to how we spend.Other initiatives are tacking such realworld issues as the mercial and social pressures that affect purchasing decisions. Why exactly do you want those expensive brandname shoes so badly? It takes confidence to take a stand and to think differently, says JerooBillimoria, founder of Aflatoun, a nonprofit whose curriculum, used in more than 30 countries ,aims to help kids get a leg up in their financial lives .” “This goes beyond money and savings31. The financialliteracy education is intended to________.A. increase Americans39。 awareness of the financial crisisB. renew Americans39。 enthusiasm about moneymanagementC. help Americans to overe the financial crisisD. enable Americans to manage money wisely32. According to the author, the National Financial Capability Challenge will be_______.A. ineffective B. rewarding C. costlyD. wellreceived33. By saying that the financialliteracy movement has gained steam(Para .3), the author means that the movement______.A. has received much criticismB. has been regarded as imaginativeC. has been more and more popularD. has gone through financial difficulties34. Lewis Mandell suggests that we should figure out how to ________.A. manage money in a more efficient wayB. carry out financialliteracy education properlyC. improve the social awareness of financial educationD. help students score better in moneymanagement courses35. Jeroo Billimoria is most likely to agree that mercial and social pressures make one39。s purchasing decisions________.A. acceptable B. difficultC. feasibleD. unwisePassage FourCheating is nothing new. But today, educators and administrators are finding that　　instances of academic dishonesty on the part of students have bee more frequent and are less likely to be punished than in the past . Cheating appears to have gained acceptance among good and poor students alike. Why is student cheating on the rise? No one really knows .Some blame the trend on a general loosening of moral values among today39。s youth. Others have attributed increased cheating to the fact that today39。s youth are far more pragmatic(實(shí)用主義的)than their more idealistic predecessors. Whereas in the late sixties and early seventies，students were filled with visions about changing the world，today’s students feel great pressure to conform and succeed. In interviews with students at high schools and colleges around the country, both young men and women said that cheating had bee easy. Some suggested they did it out of spite for teachers they did not respect. Others looked at it as a game. Only if they were caught, some said, would they feel guilty. People are petitive, said a secondyear college student named Anna, from Chicago. There39。s an underlying fear. If you don39。t do well, your life is going to be ruined. The pressure is not only form parents and friends but from oneself .To achieve .To succeed .It’s almost as though we have to outdo other people to achieve our own goals.Edward Wynne, a magazine editor, blames the rise in academic dishonesty on the schools. He claims that administrators and teachers have been too hesitant to take action .Dwight Huber, chairman of the English department at Amarillo .sees the matter differently, blaming the rise in cheating on the way students are evaluated. I would cheat if I felt I was being cheated, Mr. Huber said. He feels that as long as teachers gives shortanswer tests rather than essay questions and rate students by the number of facts they can memorize rather than by how well they can put information together, students will try to beat the system. The concept of cheating is based on the false assumption that the system is legitimate and there is something wrong with the individual who are doing it, he said. That39。s too easy an answer. We39。ve got to start looking at the system.36. Educators are finding that students who cheat_______.A. have poor academic recordsB. are more likely to be punished than beforeC. tend to be dishonest in later yearsD. are not only those academically weak37. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. Students do not cheat on essay tests.B. St