【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 He39。s an amazing guy, three parts Charles Darwin and one part Crocodile Dundee. (Laughter) Okay? There we are slogging through the wetlands, and I39。m panting and sweating, got mud up to my knees, and Miguel39。s calmly conducting a biology lecture. Here, he39。s pointing out a rare BlackShouldered Kite. Now, he39。s mentioning the mineral needs of phytoplankton. And here, here he sees a grouping pattern that reminds him of the Tanzanian Giraffe. 結(jié)果，米格爾曾經(jīng)花了很長時(shí)間工作在 非洲的米庫米國家公園。 我問他是怎么 成為一位魚類專家的。 It turns out, Miguel spent the better part of his career in the Mikumi National Park in Africa. I asked him how he became such an expert on fish. 他說： “魚？我不了解他們。 我只是一個(gè)關(guān)系專家?！?然后他發(fā)起了更多的對話 都是有關(guān)于稀有鳥類和藻類 還有特殊的水生植物。 He said, Fish? I didn39。t know anything about fish. I39。m an expert in relationships. And then he39。s off launching into more talk about rare birds and algaes and strange aquatic plants. 請不要誤解我，那樣的談話真的是引人入勝， 關(guān)于生物群落一類的事情。 這都很好，但是我戀愛了。 我腦中始終惦記著那條 我前一晚品嘗過被過度烹飪的美味的魚。 所以我中斷了他。我說， “米格爾，什么使你的魚那么好吃? And don39。t get me wrong, that was really fascinating, you know, the biotic munity unplugged, kind of thing. It39。s great, but I was in love. And my head was swooning over that overcooked piece of delicious fish I had the night before. So I interrupted him. I said, Miguel, what makes your fish taste so good? 他指向藻類。 “我知道，兄弟，藻類，浮游植物， 關(guān)系，這些都很神奇。 但是你的魚吃什么？ 飼料轉(zhuǎn)換率是多少？？” He pointed at the algae. I know, dude, the algae, the phytoplankton, the relationships, it39。s amazing. But what are your fish eating? What39。s the feed conversion ratio? 然后他繼續(xù)告訴我 這是一個(gè)很富饒的系統(tǒng)， 這些魚吃的就是它們在野外吃的東西。 植物的生物質(zhì)，浮游植物， 浮游生物，都是魚的飼料。 這個(gè)系統(tǒng)非常健康， 它完全是自我更新的。 沒有任何飼料。 聽說過一個(gè)不喂動物飼料的農(nóng)場嗎？ Well, he goes on to tell me it39。s such a rich system, that the fish are eating what they39。d be eating in the wild. The plant biomass, the phytoplankton, the zooplankton, it39。s what feeds the fish. The system is so healthy, it39。s totally selfrenewing. There is no feed. Ever heard of a farm that doesn39。t feed its animals? 那天晚些時(shí)候，我和米格爾開著車在周圍兜風(fēng)， 我問他，“這樣一個(gè)看起來如此自然的地方，” 不像其它任何一個(gè)我曾經(jīng)見過的農(nóng)場， “你如何衡量成功？” Later that day, I was driving around this property with Miguel, and I asked him, I said, For a place that seems so natural, unlike like any farm I39。d ever been at, how do you measure success? 就在那時(shí)，仿佛有一位 電影導(dǎo)演突然要求改變場景。 我們轉(zhuǎn)過彎 看到最美的畫面， 成千上萬的粉色火烈鳥， 可以說是一張粉色的地毯。 At that moment, it was as if a film director called for a set change. And we rounded the corner and saw the most amazing sight, thousands and thousands of pink flamingos, a literal pink carpet for as far as you could see. 他說，“那就是成功?！?“看他們的腹部，粉色的。 他們正在享受盛宴。” 盛宴？我完全迷惑了。 我說，“米格爾，他們的盛宴不正是你的魚嗎？” （笑聲） That39。s success, he said. Look at their bellies, pink. They39。re feasting. Feasting? I was totally confused. I said, Miguel, aren39。t they feasting on your fish? (Laughter) “正是,他說。 （笑聲） “鳥類會吃掉我們20%的魚 還有魚卵。 而且，去年，這個(gè)漁場 有600000只鳥， 超過250個(gè)不同的種群。 今天，這里已經(jīng)成為最大的 而且是全歐洲最重要的 私有鳥類自然保護(hù)區(qū)之一。 Yes, he said. (Laughter) We lose 20 percent of our fish and fish eggs to birds. Well, last year, this property had 600,000 birds on it, more than 250 different species. It39。s bee, today, the largest and one of the most important private bird sanctuaries in all of Europe. 我說，“米格爾，這么多的鳥類數(shù)量 不是一個(gè)漁場最不想要到的嗎？” （笑聲） 不，他搖搖頭。I said, Miguel, isn39。t a thriving bird population like the last thing you want on a fish farm? (Laughter) He shook his head, no. 他說, “我們是廣義上的養(yǎng)殖， 不是刻意的。 這是一個(gè)生態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。 這些火烈鳥吃掉蝦。 蝦吃浮游動物。 所以他們的肚子上粉色越鮮艷， 代表這個(gè)系統(tǒng)越好?！盚e said, We farm extensively, not intensively. This is an ecological network. The flamingos eat the shrimp. The shrimp eat the phytoplankton. So the pinker the belly, the better the system. 好的，讓我們重新審視一下。 一個(gè)農(nóng)場不給它的動物喂食， 而且它衡量自己的成功是 根據(jù)它的天敵。 一個(gè)漁場，同時(shí)也是個(gè)鳥類庇護(hù)所。 而且，順便說一句，那些火烈鳥， 它們本不應(yīng)該在那里。 它們在城里繁殖