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及物動詞與不及物動詞動詞(編輯修改稿)

2025-06-09 23:10 本頁面
 

【文章內容簡介】 tage of, take hold of, take note of, take notice of, take part in, take pride in, take possession of, play a trick on, play a part in....****說明:同一動詞有時可用作及物動詞,有時可用作不及物動詞。例如: She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞。(sing在此用作不及物動詞。) She can sing many English songs. 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。(sing用作及物動詞。)4) 根據是否受主語的人稱和數的限制,可分兩類,分別是:限定動詞(Finite Verb)、非限定動詞(Nonfinite Verb)例如: She sings very well. 她唱得很好。(sing受主語she的限制,故用第三人稱單數形式sings。) She wants to learn English well. 她想學好英語。(to learn不受主語she的限制,沒有詞形變化,是非限定動詞。說明:英語中共有三種非限定動詞,分別是:動詞不定式(Infinitive)、動名詞(Gerund)、分詞(Participle)。5) 根據動詞的組成形式,可分為三類,分別是:單字詞(OneWord Verb)、短語動詞(Phrasal Verb)、動詞短語(Verbal Phrase)例如:  The English language contains many phrasal verbs and verbal phrases.  英語里有許多短語動詞和動詞短語。(contains是單字動詞。)  Students should learn to look up new words in dictionaries.  學生們學會查字典。(look up是短語動詞。)  The young ought to take care of the old.  年輕人應照料老人。(take care of是動詞短語。)6)動詞有五種形態(tài),分別是:原形(Original Form)、第三人稱單數形式(Singular From in Third Personal)、過去式(Past Form)、過去分詞(Past Participle)、現在分詞(Present Participle)。7) 及物動詞不需要介詞在英語錯誤中,及物動詞+介詞+賓語(transitive verb+preposition+object),是常見的一種。所謂及物動詞,就是謂語動詞(predicative verb),不必通過介詞引薦賓語。相反的,不及物動詞(intransitive verb)是不帶賓語的。有許多動詞,雖然性質是及物的,但不一定要有賓語,如下列的①a和②a便是這種情形:    ①a. We study every day. b. Do you study English every day. ?、赼. Please write clearly next time. b. Can you write your position now?  如果本質上就是不及物動詞,就不會有賓語;若要賓語,就要借介詞之助,一起連用才行,如③b和④b。③a和④a是錯的;  *③a. The children are listening the music.  b. The children are listening to the music.  *④a. She is laughing the crippled man.  b. She is laughing at the crippled man.  反之,及物動詞不必靠介詞,就可以帶賓語,如上述的①b和②b ,又如⑤和  ⑥:⑤ John is giving a book to me.⑥ Who will answer this question?  如果無意中把介詞加上,就錯了,如:  *⑦ Who will answer to this question?  下列這句從房地產廣告中看到的句子,也犯了同樣的錯:  We have many buyers awaiting for available units here.  Awaiting是個及物動詞,后面的介詞for是多余的,要去掉;不然把awaiting改為waiting for也行?! ≡S多人習慣上喜歡把介詞加到及物動詞后面,然后才帶出賓語。最常見的是emphasize/stress on/upon和discuss about,如:⑧ Singaporeans seem to have emphasized on material gains.⑨ In our education system, we stress upon examination results.⑩ World leade
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