cochrane系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)的格式(編輯修改稿)
2024-12-08 15:30 本頁面
【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 reported if there are any. Any secondary interest (such as personal conflicts) that might unduly influence judgements made in a review (concerning, for example, the inclusion or exclusion of studies, assessments of the validity of included studies or the interpretation of results) should be reported. 評(píng)論者可以報(bào)道一些影響他們判斷的利益沖突，包括個(gè)人的、政 治的、學(xué)術(shù)的和其他可能的沖突，也可以是經(jīng)濟(jì)上的沖突。如果一個(gè)人對(duì)某 一主題一概不知并且沒有法律規(guī)定的利益沖突，那么可能會(huì)將其取消。經(jīng)濟(jì)利益上的沖突應(yīng)該引起更大的關(guān)注，應(yīng)該而且必須避免，但是如果出現(xiàn)應(yīng)隨時(shí)提出。一些可能影響判斷力的次級(jí)沖突也應(yīng)該被提出來 (例如研究的相容性和排斥性，評(píng)價(jià)研究或者譯文的有效性 )。 （在“利益沖突”標(biāo)題下，評(píng)價(jià)者應(yīng)報(bào)告任何可能影響他們判斷的利益沖突，包括來自個(gè)人、政 治、學(xué)術(shù)和其他可能的沖突以及經(jīng)濟(jì)沖突。而偏好（興趣）沖突是不可避免的，因?yàn)橹挥挟?dāng)對(duì)某主題一無所知的人才會(huì)對(duì)該主題沒有任何的偏好（興趣）導(dǎo)向。（ Smith 1994) 經(jīng)濟(jì)利益沖突最受 人關(guān)注，是能夠并應(yīng)該避免的，一旦存在，則必須在報(bào)告中予以透露。任何可能過度影響評(píng)價(jià)過程中判斷（如研究的納入與排除，納入研究真實(shí)性的評(píng)估或結(jié)果的解釋）的次要利益（如個(gè)人沖突）都應(yīng)予以說明。） Disclosing a conflict of interest does not necessarily reduce the worth of a review and it does not imply dishonesty. However, conflicts of interest can influence judgements in subtle ways. Reviewers should let the editors of their Collaborative Review Group know of potential conflicts even when they are confident that their judgements were not or will not be influenced. Editors may decide that disclosure is not warranted or they may decide that readers should know about such a conflict of interest so that they can make up their own minds about how important it is. Decisions about whether or not to publish such information should be made jointly by reviewers and editors. 披露利益沖突并沒有降低綜述的價(jià)值，并不反映綜述的不真實(shí)性。但是利益沖突可以影響判斷力。即使他們自信他們的判斷力并沒有受到影響，評(píng)論者也應(yīng)該讓編輯人員了解潛在的沖突。編輯人員有責(zé)任讓讀者了解利益沖突以便引起足夠的重視，是否公開這一信息則是由評(píng)論者和編輯人員決定。 （披露利益沖突并不一定會(huì)降低評(píng)價(jià)的價(jià)值，也并不意味著不誠實(shí)。但利益沖突可能以很微妙的方式影響評(píng)價(jià)者的判斷。即使評(píng)價(jià)者堅(jiān)信自己的判斷力不會(huì)受影響，也應(yīng)讓 CRG 的編輯們知曉潛在的沖突。編輯可以作出該利益沖突不值得暴光的決定，或是作出應(yīng)讓讀者 知道并由他們自己去判斷該沖突重要性的決定。但最后是否發(fā)表該信息要由評(píng)價(jià)者和編輯共同決定。） To help ensure the integrity and perceived integrity of Cochrane Reviews, all reviewers must sign the relevant statements in the form giving the Cochrane Collaboration permission to publish their review in addition to disclosing conflicts of interest. 為了保證綜述的一致性，除公開出版物以外評(píng)論者必需按照委員會(huì)規(guī)定的格式進(jìn)行書寫。 （為保證 COCHRANE 系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)的公正性和完整性，除應(yīng)暴光利益沖突外，所有的評(píng)價(jià)者還必須按規(guī)定格式簽署相關(guān)聲明，并同意 COCHRANE 協(xié)作網(wǎng)發(fā)表他們的系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)。） Publication of Cochrane Reviews in print journals and books 雜志或者圖書中出版的綜述（以雜志和書籍形式出版 COCHRANE 系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)） Reviewers may wish to seek copublication of Cochrane Reviews in peerreviewed medical journals, particularly in those journals that have expressed enthusiasm for copublication of Cochrane Reviews. For the Cochrane Collaboration, there is one essential condition of copublication: Cochrane Reviews must remain free for dissemination in any and all media, without restriction from any of them. To ensure this, Cochrane reviewers grant the Collaboration worldwide licences for these activities, and do not sign over exclusive copyright to any journal or other publisher. A journal is free to request a nonexclusive copyright that permits it to publish and republish a review, but this cannot restrict the publication of the review by the Cochrane Collaboration in whatever form the Collaboration feels appropriate. 評(píng)論者熱衷于尋找醫(yī)學(xué)雜志中特別是那些向 cochrane 綜述表示合作意向的雜志。這種合作中的關(guān)鍵因素是： cochrane 評(píng)論者必須不受制于其合作雜志，為自由之身。為了保證這一點(diǎn)，cochrane 評(píng)論者必須擁有世界范圍內(nèi)的營(yíng)業(yè)許可證，并且不在其他雜志出版權(quán)上簽字。 （ COCHRANE 評(píng)價(jià)者可能希望尋求有同行審稿的醫(yī)學(xué)雜志共同出版 COCHRANE 系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)，尤其是對(duì)共同發(fā)表 COCHRANE 系統(tǒng) 評(píng)價(jià)表現(xiàn)了極高熱情的雜志。 COCHRANE 協(xié)作網(wǎng)對(duì)共同出版的基本要求是： COCHRANE 系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)可以在任何媒體上免費(fèi)傳播，而不用受其雜志約束。為了保證該條件的實(shí)施， COCHRANE 評(píng)價(jià)者授予 COCHRANE 協(xié)作網(wǎng)全球許可證，不與任何雜志或其他出版商簽署獨(dú)家版權(quán)所有的協(xié)定。雜志社可要求獲得出版和再版系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)的非獨(dú)有版權(quán)，但不能限制 COCHRANE 協(xié)作網(wǎng)以任何適當(dāng)?shù)男问匠霭?COCHRANE 系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)。） Reviewers are strongly discouraged from publishing Cochrane Reviews in journals before they are ready for publication in CDSR. This applies particularly to Centre directors and editors of Review Groups. However, journals will sometimes insist that the publication of the review in CDSR should not precede publication in print. When this is the case, reviewers should submit a review for publication in the journal after agreement from their CRG editor and before publication in CDSR. Publication in print should not be subject to lengthy production times, and reviewers should not unduly delay publication of a Cochrane Review either beca
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