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. 答案:we could not have rent a house at such a low price.解析:but for意為:“要是沒有……”,常用來引出虛擬條件,相當(dāng)于if虛擬條件句。從句意可知,“租到房子”是過去的事實(shí),故主句的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用could/would have done的形式, 此處用它的否定形式。5. 答案:more mobile shops (should) be set up in the residential area. 解析:在“It is /was +形容詞+that從句” 結(jié)構(gòu)中,當(dāng)形容詞表示重要性、必要性或某種意愿時(shí),后接從句時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞往往要用should do 的形式,被動(dòng)語態(tài)要用should be done且should 常省略。常見的這類形容詞有:advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, necessary, important, imperative, impossible, incredible, obligatory, proper, vital, urgent等。倒裝1. 答案:had he got on the bus than he found he forget to take the wallet with him.解析:no sooner…than和 hardly/scarcely…when都表示“剛一……就……”no sooner 或 hardly/scarcely位于句首時(shí),緊跟其后的句子應(yīng)采用部分倒裝。注意在該句型中,主句中一般使用過去完成時(shí),從句中一般用一般過去時(shí)。此外,表示“忘記去做某事”時(shí)forget后面應(yīng)該接不定式。2. 答案: Not until he was showed all evidence解析:not …until意為“直到……時(shí),才……”為了起到強(qiáng)調(diào)作用,經(jīng)常將not until提前,此時(shí)句子就要用部分倒裝。3. 答案:I would size the opportunity without hesitation解析:分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,該句是省略了if的條件虛擬句的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),從句是對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的假設(shè),故漢語部分的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用would/could +do。4. 答案:did they present a musical performance解析:當(dāng)表示否定的詞語謂語句首時(shí),該句應(yīng)采用部分倒裝。類似的表示否定的詞語有:not, never, seldom, hardly, scarcely, rarely, barely, little等。5. 答案:did he have his car inspected carefully.解析: “only+狀語”提前引起部分倒裝。表示“讓別人完成某事” 一般用 have sth .done的結(jié)構(gòu)。時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)1. 答案:had collected more than a thousand foreign stamps. 解析:the end of that year是過去時(shí)間, 再加上by可知是過去某一時(shí)間以前完成的,所以應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)。2. 答案:will have been pulled down 解析:根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語by the time+表示將來時(shí)間的句子可知,此處表示“到將來某個(gè)時(shí)間為止的情況”,故應(yīng)用將來完成時(shí)。此處需要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。3. 答案:you get into a bath full of water解析:在引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中, 如果主句用將來時(shí),從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。4. 答案:the earth is experiencing significant global warming解析:所給漢語部分中的“正在”此處應(yīng)用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),且主句中用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),故所給漢語部分應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。5. 答案:it had been raining for two days 解析:and后的分句中的was提示所給漢語部分的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為過去時(shí)?!跋掠辍边@一動(dòng)作從過去更早時(shí)間持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在某一時(shí)刻,故應(yīng)用過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。從句1. 答案:whenever she breaks the traffic regulations 解析:所給漢語部分的“每當(dāng)……. 時(shí)候”,也含有“不論何時(shí)”之意,所以此處的連詞最好用whenever 2. 答案:What seems confusing at first 解析:分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,所給漢語部分在句中作主語;what 引導(dǎo)的主語從句常用來表示“…….事情”。 3. 答案:where he stayed for as long as half a year. 解析:先行詞island為地點(diǎn)名詞, 故其定語從句應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where來引導(dǎo)。表示“長達(dá)…… 之久”,可用“as long as +時(shí)間” 的結(jié)構(gòu)。 4. 答案:no matter how much it costs 解析:no matter與疑問詞連用可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。本句表示“花費(fèi)多少錢”,故應(yīng)用no matter how much。 5. 答案:as long as I don’t have to get up early解析:so/as long as表示“只要”,在句中起連詞作用,引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。另外,根據(jù)前后句意,這里的“無須”應(yīng)翻譯為don’t have to。動(dòng)詞 1. 答案:escape being scolded by his mother 解析:動(dòng)詞escape表示“逃避”,后面要求接動(dòng)名詞做賓語;而本句中主語“Mark”與“懲罰”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 2. 答案:fulfill its promise to reduce the unemployment rate 解析:本句中“降低失業(yè)率的”應(yīng)該做“承諾”的定語,可以用不定式短語做后置定語來表達(dá)。表示“實(shí)現(xiàn)(承諾)”也可以用keep或meet,但此處表示政府行為,故最好用fulfill.3. 答案:In order to finance my education 解析:不定式短語常位于句首做目的狀語。in order to 或 so as to 可以起到突出強(qiáng)調(diào)該目的的作用,但so as to一般不用在句首。:having peeked at his neighbors’ test paper解析:deny后面要求接動(dòng)名詞做賓語。此處動(dòng)名詞所表示的行為“偷看”明顯發(fā)生在denied行為之前,故應(yīng)該用動(dòng)名詞的完成式來表達(dá)。 :your delaying making the decision