【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 nything about it. 一、倍數(shù)增減的表示法 1) is times greater than Force N2 (考點(diǎn)：倍數(shù) + 形容詞 /副詞比較級(jí) + than) 2) reacts three times as fast as the other one (考點(diǎn)：倍數(shù) + as + 形容詞 /副詞 + as) 3) is 49 times the size of the moon (考點(diǎn)： 倍數(shù) + 名詞 ) 4) wants to raise the rent by a third (考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞 + by + 數(shù)詞 /百分比 /倍數(shù) ) 5) plan to double their investment (考點(diǎn)： double + 名詞 ) 二、時(shí)態(tài) 1) or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church (考點(diǎn)：將來(lái)完成時(shí) ) 2) the children had fallen asleep (考點(diǎn)：過(guò)去完成時(shí) ) 3) my sister will be taking her vacation at the seaside (考點(diǎn)：將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí) ) 4) have been revising my resume all the morning (考點(diǎn)：現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) ) 5) No. It has been five years since I went on holiday (考點(diǎn)： It has been ? since sb. did sth. 表示某人有多長(zhǎng)時(shí) 間沒(méi)有做某事了 ) 6) He has been in the army for 5 years (考點(diǎn)： 1. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 。 ) 三、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 1) is being replaced by the puter and the projector (考點(diǎn)：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) ) 2) will have been published by the end of this year (考點(diǎn)：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的將來(lái)完成時(shí) ) 3) can be used to demonstrate the way that cells work (考點(diǎn)： 1. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞聯(lián)用 。 2. 漢語(yǔ)有些沒(méi)有“被”字等標(biāo)志詞的句子也表示被動(dòng) , 要譯成英語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) ) 4) I was startled, for the prices were a great deal higher than I had anticipated (考點(diǎn)：同“ 3”的考點(diǎn) 2) 5) Effective measures must be taken immediately (考點(diǎn)： 漢語(yǔ)的無(wú)主句通常翻譯成英語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) ) 四、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 1) but there is no answer. She can’ t be at home (考點(diǎn)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞可以表示可能性， can’ t 表示“一定不” ) 2) I may have left them in the coffee shop yesterday (考點(diǎn)：“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can/could, may/might, must + 完成式”用于表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作的主觀判斷 ) 3) You must have dreamed of something terrible (考點(diǎn)：同上 ) 4) You should have invited her to your graduation ceremony (考點(diǎn)：“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 should/ought to + have done” 用于評(píng)論過(guò)去應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際并未做的動(dòng)作，含有批評(píng)的意思 ) 5) I needn’ t have put on my best suit to go to the party (考點(diǎn)：“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 needn’ t + have + done”表示 對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作進(jìn)行評(píng)論，認(rèn)為“無(wú)須發(fā)生”，“不必做” ) 五、虛擬語(yǔ)氣 1) I had had your opportunities when I was young (考點(diǎn)： I wish 后的 that 從句中用過(guò)去完成式表示過(guò)去沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)或不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望 ) 2) he had known this disease is curable (考點(diǎn)： If only 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句表示“但愿”或“要是??就好了”，用法與 I wish?基本相同 ) 3) painted it blue, and without any decorations (考點(diǎn)： would rather 后的 that 從句中用過(guò)去式表示不是事實(shí) ) 4) measures were taken to solve the problem of traffic jams (考點(diǎn)： It’ s (about/high) time 后的 that 從句中用過(guò)去式，表示“該是??的時(shí)候了” ) 5) as though he were delivering a speech at an assembly (考點(diǎn)： as if / as though 引導(dǎo)的從句中用過(guò)去式表示和現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在情況有所懷疑 ) 6) Jack (should) be sent to hospital right now (考點(diǎn)：表示“建議、命令、要求、想法”的動(dòng)詞所接的賓語(yǔ)從句通常用“ (that) sb. (should) do”的虛擬形式 ) 7) more mobile shops (should) be set up in the residential area (考點(diǎn)：表示“建議、命令、要求、想法”的動(dòng)詞所接的主語(yǔ)從句通常用“ (that) sb. (should) do”的虛擬形式 ) 8) they (should) set up a special board/mittee to examine this problem (考點(diǎn)：表示“建議、命令、要求、想法”的名詞所接的表語(yǔ)從句通常用“ (that) sb. (should) do”的虛擬形式 ) 9) the midterm exams (should) be canceled (考點(diǎn)：表示“建議、命令、要求、想法”的名詞所接的同位語(yǔ)從句通常用“ (that) sb. (should) do”的虛擬形式 ) [表示“建議、命令、要求、想法”的動(dòng)詞及其名詞常見(jiàn)的有： advise (advice), agree (agreement), decide (decision), decree, demand, determine (determination), grant, indicate (indication), insist (insistence), order, prefer (preference), propose (proposal), request, require (requirement), resolve (resolution), stipulate (stipulation), suggest(suggestion), urge, vote。常見(jiàn)的這類動(dòng)詞還有： allow, arrange, ask, beg, concede, demonstrate, ensure, intend, move, pledge, pray 等 ] 10) we (should) be short of water in a country where it is always raining (考點(diǎn)：在 It is/was +形容詞后的 that 從句中常用“ sb. should do”的形式表示建議驚奇等。這類形容詞常見(jiàn)的有： advisable, anxious, appropriate, pulsory, crucial, desirable, eager, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, improper, natural, necessary, obligatory, preferable, proper, urgent, vital, willing 等 ) 11) everyone (should) be prepared for emergency (考點(diǎn)：同上 ) 12) If he had booked tickets in the way I told him (考點(diǎn)：在非真實(shí)條件句中用過(guò)去完成式表示與過(guò)去的事實(shí)相反 ) 13) if I had not been interrupted (考點(diǎn)：同上 ) 14) If it had rained, the ground would be wet (考點(diǎn)：在非真實(shí)條件句中，當(dāng)主句與從句表示的動(dòng)作不是同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，就根據(jù)情況用適當(dāng)?shù)闹^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式 ) 15) If I had been living in New York (考點(diǎn)：同上 ) 16) he would be dead now (考點(diǎn)：同上 ) 17) we could not have rent a house at such a low price (考點(diǎn)： but for 經(jīng)常作為非真實(shí)條件句中 if 的代用語(yǔ) ) 18) otherwise, it would have taken me more time to work out this question (考點(diǎn)： otherwise 也經(jīng)常作為非真實(shí)條件句中 if 的代用語(yǔ) ) 19) I would seize the opportunity without hesitation (考點(diǎn)：在非真實(shí)條件句中如果有 were, had, should 這三個(gè)詞，可以省去 if，采用主謂語(yǔ)倒裝的形式來(lái)表示條件 ) 20) this act would have been passed much earlier (考點(diǎn)：同上 ) 21) the continued existence of the human race would be in jeopardy (考點(diǎn)：同上 ) 22) lest he should awaken the baby (考點(diǎn)： lest (以免 )引導(dǎo)的從句通常用 sb. should do 的形式表示虛擬 ) 六、不定式 1) to plete a 24story building in 10 months (考點(diǎn)：不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)常用 it 作形式主語(yǔ)放在句首代替不定式，而將不定式移到謂語(yǔ)后面 ) 2) for us to have a good night’ s sleep before the test (考點(diǎn)：有時(shí)用“介詞 for + 代詞 /名詞”來(lái)表示不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)，這時(shí)整句的謂語(yǔ)描述的對(duì)象是事情，這種情況下謂語(yǔ)中常用的形容詞有： necessary, important, possible, impossible, all right, essential 等 ) 3) of you to donate so much money to the people in the disaster area (考點(diǎn)：有時(shí)用“介詞 of + 代詞 /名詞”來(lái)表示不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)，這時(shí)整句的謂語(yǔ)描述的對(duì)象是人，這種情況下謂語(yǔ)中常用的形容詞有： absurd, bold, brave, careful, careless, cowardly, cruel, foolish, generous, good, honest, kind, nice, polite, rude, selfish, silly, stupid, thoughtful, thoughtless, wicked, wise, wrong 等 ) 4) not to punish those students who had been late for class (考點(diǎn)： 1. 用不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作 decide 的賓語(yǔ) 。 to 前加 not) (能帶不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有： afford, agree, ask, attempt, beg, begin, bother, care, choose, claim, consent, decide, demand, desire, dislike, endeavor, expect, fail, fear, fet, happen, hate, help, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, like, love, manage, mean, neglect, offer, plan, pledge, prefer, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, remember, resolve, start, threaten, undertake, venture, volunteer, vow, wa