【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ortunities to municate with a native English speaker face to face. Many surveys show that the infant time is the golden time to learn languages. Here we can imagine that if a baby is taught in English, Japanese and Spanish since he was born, when he grows up he can speak three kinds of languages at the same time. Even though he does not know the grammar, he can speak every language very fluently. For most Chinese, they do not know the grammar at all, but all of them can speak Chinese fluently. There is another phenomenon: if there is one English speaker or English teacher in the family, their baby always has a good English achievement. All of these show that Chinese social context has a great influence in English learning. Professor Sun Mianzhi quoted Professor Xiong Deni’s speech, “ I always pare English Learning to a besiegement. Your English is the Besieger and of course your mother tongue is the one besieged. You mand your army of English to break through the line of defense until you overtake the stronghold—your mother tongue.”（Translated）. But it is really a hard job because you are pletely surrounded by the enemy troops and your enemy is so strong. Differences between the Two LanguagesTo learn English well, it is necessary to know the details of it. Firstly, when you are learning the pronunciation, you will be corrected for several times. Sometimes, you want to say go to somewhere by ship, but because you pronounce it too long, some others think that you “go somewhere by sheep”. When you can not separate[r] and [l], you will read rice(米飯) as lice(虱子). Secondly, in the grammar you always make mistakes like this: I am student, it raining hard, against this plan, etc. Thirdly, in the acceptation, once you have written “my English level low”. Sometimes even you want to “keep diary” but you use “keeping notes or writing everyday note”. Some sentences like “go buy thing and write with English” always appear in your articles. Fourthly, in pragmatics: you once called David Smith Teacher Smith or Mr. David. And we know Father, Mother, Sister in English is quite different from our Chinese. A teacher is very kind and easygoing. The students like her very much. They think she is just like their mother. But we can never call her Mother Teresa, because in English, Father, Mother or Sister has some religious connotations. The Goals and MotivationsThe goals and motivations of English learner have a great influence in the course of English learning. Most of us know that at the beginning of our new country, Chinese people were trying to learn Russian. Only after the opening and the reforming, English became the most popular second language in China. Some people realize the importance of English and they think English is very useful. So they will try their best to learn it well. But others bigotry thinks that they do not go abroad and they should not spend so much time and money on English tests. The former will spend much more time than the latter on English learning. In fact, the total time you spent on English learning is not exceeding one year at all. Nobody can learn a language well enough to use it freely. In China, people learn English for different purposes. With the influence of the textoriented education, people learn it just because they want to earn a diploma or have a better job in the future. So they learn by rote a lot of grammar rules, read a lot, practice lots of vocabulary and structures. As for munication, they bee dumb. Finally, they may realize how inefficient their way is. Phenomena of Language Transfer Language transfer, according to Odlin (1989), is the influence resulting from the similarities and differences between the target language and the other languages that has been previously (and perhaps imperfectly) acquired. This definition thus suggests that transfer can occur at any levels, strategic, linguistic, discoursal, and pragmatic. Interlanguage, such as a semantic formulae, strategy, or linguistic form, occurs in the NL (native language), TL (target language) and IL (interlanguage) data. Similar response frequencies in all the three data sets are classified as positive transfer, while different response frequencies between ILTL and NLTL bined with similar frequencies between ILNL register as negative transfer (quoted, Liu Xiaozhong, 2001). We just take a pragmalinguistic failure for example. Chinese learners usually use the expression: “Never mind” in replying to “Thanks a lot. That’s a great help” (He Ziran, 1988). In Chinese, we use “沒關(guān)系”(Mei guan xi) or “不用謝”(Bu yong xie) in reply to “Thank you”. However, their equivalents in English, “Never mind”, “Not at all” and “You are wele” are slightly different in use from one another, though they all may be translated as “沒關(guān)系”(Mei guan xi) in Chinese. The students often failed to see the discrepancy and, due to their mothertongue influence, used these expressions interchangeably. If a student helped the professor clean the blackboard, he would normally say “thank you” to the student. But instead of saying “My pleasure”, as native speakers normally do in this situation, Chinese students would often say, “It’s my duty”. This shows the students’ falling back on the Chinese situation where it is wholesomely all right for people to say “應(yīng)該的”(Ying gai de). But he failed to realize that in English ‘It is my duty” also implies an obligation instead of a volunteer help. Some other examples as “No smoking please” and “Our English teacher has peaches and plums everywhere in China” are also failures in use. Distinctions between English and ChineseChina also has its individual culture which is rooted deeply in its long history. Generally speaking, each nation has its unique culture and should be honored for it. Each nation always thinks that the culture of its own is the best in the world. When Chinese developed into the native language in the eastern Asia where all the people think it was the most splendid language and knowledge in the worl