【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 core. This procedure allowed for measures of memory quantity/capacity (number of words recalled) and memory efficiency/selectivity (the recall of highvalue items relative to lowvalue items). Alan D Castel , Kathryn L Humphreys , Steve S Lee , Adriana Galv225。n , David A Balota , David P McCabe. The development of memory efficiency and valuedirected remembering across the life span: A crosssectional study of memory and selectivity [J].2011. Agerelated differences were found for memory capacity, as young adults recalled more words than the other groups. However, in terms of selectivity, younger and older adults were more selective than adolescents and children.Gesche M Huebner, Karl R Gegenfurtner (2011) also conducted the study on memory, they investigated how visual information is best presented to maximize the number of remembered items in a fixed time unit. In a memory task for images depicting realworld objects, we varied the number of images shown simultaneously, the presentation time, and the interstimulus interval (ISI). The viewing phase was followed by a twoalternative forced choice recognition task. We converted the percentage of correct answers into a capacity estimate scaled to a fixed time unit of 1 s to allow for parisons across conditions. Gesche M Huebner, Karl R Gegenfurtner. The efficiency of encoding: limits of information transfer into memory [J].2011, 73(5). The memorythroughunderstanding method study at homeFrom Lingbin Kong, Rui An, Zhiyin Yang claim that, at present, to measure and evaluate learning memory function, we monly use clinic memory scale and Wechsler memory scale in China. The former one mainly includes: point at memory，pairedassociation learning，free recall of pictures，recollection of meaningless figures，recall of the connection between portraits and their characteristics, it is mostly using in clinic. The later one mainly includes 7 branch examinations: individual experience, order connection between numbers, logic (prehension) memory and number reciting in sequence and converse, vision regeneration and association study.To a certain extent, we clarified the mechanism of learning memory disorder in cerebral infarction patients to find a way in the treatment of learning memory function disorders after cerebralvascular disease. But up to now, the biochemistry and molecule mechanisms about memory disorder after cerebrovascular disease still need to be discussed.Understanding is surely the first step for students to express themselves whereas, without a good memory of the material, it is simply impossible for students to express anything about the material. Hence, understanding and memory are the foundation of learning. Zhao Guangping (1999) argues that understanding what you have heard is far from what you can master。 only through practice may the listeners really know how much they have acquired and consolidate what they have already mastered. Both the meaning of the listening materials and the new words can be reinforced in the process of English learning. Zhao Guangping, Cheng Shuhua. The interaction of psychology process and improvement of listening ability [J].CELEA Journal (Bimonthly), 2006, 29(2):113115.Zhao and Cheng (psychologists) claim that the whole process of listening prehension involves mental perception, imagination, guess, logical reference, and memory. According to schema theory, in the process of listening, when a listener receives the new information which stimulates his previous knowledge in his schema, he will decode, reconstruct and put the information together into a coherent discourse (Liu, 1998). 劉鐵梅. 掌握心理學(xué)規(guī)律,科學(xué)記憶英語詞匯[N]. 廣東行政學(xué)院報(bào)1999,(2). Moreover, the bottomup processing model assumes that listening is a process of decoding the sounds from the smallest meaningful units (phonemes) to the plete texts while the top down view suggests that the listener constructs actively (or, more accurately, reconstructs) the original meaning of the speaker using ining sounds as clues In listening prehension process, Organization, in other words, is synonymous with 39。making sense39。 (Smith, 1997: ). Relationship between the method and learning efficiencyIt is known to all that memory is the learning method. So a good memory is the proper way or tool to reach a high learning efficiency. The things have understood are better to memorize and they contributes to consolidate learning. Take oral expression in listening prehension process for example. Linguists39。 view about the listening prehension process can be divided into three categories. The first category thinks that understanding and memory are the premise of oral expression. Understanding is surely the first step for students to express themselves whereas, without a good memory of the material, it is simply impossible for students to express anything about the material. Hence, understanding and memory are the foundation of oral expression. The second category is that oral expression helps consolidate understanding and memory. Understanding what you have heard is far from what you can master。 only through practice may the listeners really know how much they have acquired and consolidate what they have already mastered. Both the meaning of the listening materials and the new words can be reinforced in the process of oral expression. Reviewing oral expression may be helpful to strengthen one39。s understanding and memorization. The third one is that the oral expression task either prevents or promotes understanding and memory.3 Methodologies SubjectsTwo classes of students were selected in a Junior Middle School as the experiment objects and these students should have the same standard. The teacher divide them into Class A (n=45) and Class B (n=45). Then, guiding Class A to learn the new glossary with the memorythroughunderstanding method while Class B adopting the mechanical memorization. Finally, take two tests to observe the difference and divergence.