【文章內容簡介】 tle Help yourselfA orange B apples C bananas D bread_______ are playing tennis in the playgroundA The Browns B The Browns C Browns D BrownsBe careful There is a _______ hole in the groundA twofootdeep B twofeetdeep C twofoot deep D twofeet deepI have three pen friends One is ______ the other two are _______桟an you get a piano for me dear桞ut there isnft enough _____ for it in our houseA place B floor C room D groundSorry Jane I took your school bag by ______It doesnt matterA hand B mistake C bike D heart第2講 代 詞代詞是用來指代人或事物代替名詞以及起名詞作用的短語分句和句子的詞代詞可分為九類人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞相互代詞指示代詞疑問代詞關系代詞不定代詞和連接代詞初高中銜接相關知識在初中階段代詞這部分學生應主要掌握人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞指示代詞不定代詞疑問代詞等幾類而在高中階段學生還需掌握it such no any one some以及all等詞的用法注意事項指代必須準確無誤如果在使用代詞時指代不清楚就會引起他人的誤解費解甚至不理解例如While carrying the paint can from the garage to the house Mary was afraid that some of it might spill on her new skirt 當瑪麗從車庫把油漆罐搬到屋里時她擔心油漆會濺到她的新裙子上使用人稱代詞反身代詞物主代詞這三類代詞時我們要注意他們在句中的人稱單復數(shù)性和格的一致性人稱代詞主要有主格和賓格兩種形式主格如I we he they she it you等在句子中充當主語賓格如me us him them her it you等在句子中充當賓語反身代詞的作用1 構成規(guī)則1第一二人稱的反身代詞是形容詞性物主代詞 self selves 如myself yourself yourselves 等2第三人稱的反身代詞是賓格self selves 如herself itself themselves等2 反身代詞在句子中作賓語當它作介詞by的賓語時表示強調如The prisoner killed himself by taking poison3 反身代詞在句子中作同位語用來加強名詞或代詞的語氣強調某人親自本人此時放在名詞代詞之后或句子末尾如The students will clean the classroom themselves物主代詞1 形容詞性物主代詞只能作定語 如My brother often does his homework in his room2 名詞性物主代詞在句中充當主語賓語表語相當于名詞 形容詞性物主代詞名詞 如 We each bought a new book Yours is about management and mine is about the American history不定代詞主要不定代詞each both all either neither one none little few many much other another some any另外還有由some any no和every構成的合成代詞如somebody anything nothing等1．all在談到兩個以上的人或事物時或是不可數(shù)的事物時我們都可以用all在句中充當主語賓語定語和同位語另外all指不可數(shù)的事物時可以作表語 如This is all he knew about it 作表語這就是他了解有關這件事的一切They were all covered with dust 作同位語他們身上盡是塵土2 each和everyeach和every都是每一個的意思但在句子里各自強調的側重點不同1every 從每一個個體著眼而強調整體形容詞只能作定語2each 把一些東西一個一個地加以考慮強調各個既是形容詞也是代詞可以作主語賓語定語和同位語3every可用于every other every數(shù)詞 名詞 的結構中表示每隔 如every other day 每隔一天 every three days 每三年 every other line 每隔一行every ten miles 每隔十英里3 one作不定代詞時有復數(shù)形式ones代替前面剛提到的人或事物以避免重復有自己的定語或冠詞還可以用來泛指人 如This problem is a difficult oneI dont like colored envelopes I like white onesModesty helps one go forward whereas conceit makes one lag behind 泛指4 some與any 一些1作定語時some多用于肯定句any多用于否定句疑問句或條件句2 表示請求建議反問或是希望得到肯定回答的疑問句中常用some而不用any3some可與數(shù)詞連用表示大約 如Some hundred teachers have moved into new housesThe bridge was built about two hundred years ago5 few a few little a little的用法1few a few 用于可數(shù)名詞little a little用于不可數(shù)名詞2few little 表示否定幾乎沒有a few a little 表示肯定幾個一些或一點點6 no 與 none 均表示否定意義1no not any 意在強調連一個一點都不只作形容詞一般與名詞連用2none 則相當于名詞可獨立在句中充當成分也可與介詞短語連用表示在某一范圍內任何一個也不典型例題1 Equipped with modern facilities todays libraries differ greatly from ________ A those of the past B the past C which of the past D these past2 His father warns him not to smoke but _____ doesnt work A he B which C she D it3 David has lived in London and Manchester but he doesnt like _______ city very much A each B both C either D another4 Theres only bread left theyve eaten up________ A everything else B something else C else everything D else something5 Can I borrow ______ pencil ________ is broken A you My B your Me C your Mine D yours My6 梇ou look so happy 桱ack says otI am pretty ______ has ever told me that before A Somebody B Anybody C Everybody D Nobody7 梂ho taught _______ French 桸obody otShe learned all by ________ A herself her B she herself C her herself D her she8 I asked John for _______ ink but he didnt have ________ A any some B any any C some any D some some9 Your digital watch is quite nice Where did you buy ______ I want to buy_____ too A one one B it it C it one D one it10 梂hich is your favorite sport swimming surfing or diving 梍______ of them I like water skiing best A None B Neither C All D Either第3講 冠 詞冠詞是虛詞本身不能單獨使用也沒有詞義用在名詞的前面幫助指明名詞的含義英語中的冠詞有三種一種是定冠詞the Definite Article另一種是不定冠詞the Indefinite Article還有一種是零冠詞the Zero Article初高中銜接相關知識在初中階段對冠詞的考查相對而言要簡單些只要掌握其中的規(guī)律即可而到了高中就要根據(jù)語境中的具體情況具體分析因此一定要在熟練掌握冠詞用法的基礎之上注意特殊情況靈活運用一不定冠詞的用法不定冠詞a an 與數(shù)詞one同源是一個的意思a用于輔音音素前一般讀作 而an則用于元音音素前一般讀作 n 1 表示一個意為one指某人或某物意為a certain如 A Mr Ling is waiting for you2 代表一類人或物 A knife is a tool for cutting with3 詞組或成語 二定冠詞的用法定冠詞the與指示代詞this that同源有那這個的意思但較弱可以和一個名詞連用來表示某個或某些特定的人或東西1 特指雙方都明白的人或物 Take the medicine2 上文提到過的人或事 He bought a house Ive been to the house3 指世上獨一無二的事物 the sun the sky the moon the earth4 與單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞連用表示一類事物如the dollar美元the fox狐貍5 與形容詞或分詞連用表示一類人 the rich 富人the living 生者6 用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級及形容詞only very same等前面 Where do you live I live on the second floor Thats the very thing Ive been looking for7 用在某些普通名詞構成的國家名稱機關團體階級等專有名詞前 the Peoples Republic of China8 用在表示樂器的名詞之前She plays the piano如果樂器是中文拼音是定冠詞the省略掉如 play erhu9 用在姓氏的復數(shù)名詞之前表示一家人 the Greens 格林一家10 用在慣用語中in the day in the morning in the rain in the middle of by the way on the whole三零冠詞即不用冠詞的情況1 專有名詞前如England Mary2 泛指的復數(shù)名詞表示一類人或事物時如They are teachers3 抽象名詞和物質名詞表示一般概念時 如Failure is the mother of success4 在季節(jié)月份節(jié)日假日日期星期等表示時間的名詞之前如We go to school from Monday to Friday5 在稱呼或表示官銜職位的名詞前如The guards took the American to General Lee6在三餐球類運動和娛樂運動的名稱前 如have breakfast play chess7 當兩個或兩個以上名詞并用時如I cant write without pen or pencil8 當by與火車等交通工具連用表示一種方式時如by bus by train9 有些個體名詞school college prison market hosp