初中英語時(shí)態(tài)總結(jié)(編輯修改稿)
2024-11-25 18:10 本頁面
【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 arn, work, study, know.。 一般過去時(shí)常用的非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞有 e, go, leave, start, die, finish, bee, get married等。例如： I saw this film yesterday. （強(qiáng)調(diào)看的 動(dòng)作發(fā)生過了） I have seen this film. （強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了） Why did you get up so early? （強(qiáng)調(diào)起床的動(dòng)作已發(fā)生過了） Who hasn39。t handed in his paper? （強(qiáng)調(diào)有卷子未交，疑為不公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)） He has been in the League for three years. （在團(tuán)內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù)） He has been a League member for three years. （是團(tuán)員 的狀態(tài)可持續(xù)） 句子中如有過去時(shí)的時(shí)間副詞（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）時(shí)，不能使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，要用過去時(shí)。 （錯(cuò)） Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （對(duì)） Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 返回動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)目錄 用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句型 1） It is the first / second time.... that… 結(jié)構(gòu)中 的從句部分，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。例如： It is the first time that I have visited the city. 這是我第一次訪問這城市。 This is the first time （ that） I39。ve heard him sing. 這是我第一次聽他唱歌。 注意： It was the third time that the boy had been late. 2） This is +形容詞最高級(jí) +that… 結(jié)構(gòu)， that 從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。例如： This is the best film that I39。ve （ ever） seen. 這是我看過的最好的電影。 典型例題 （ 1） Do you know our town at all? No, this is the first time I ___ here. A. was B. have been C. came D. am ing 答案 B. This is the first time 后面所加從句應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故選 B。 （ 2） Have you ____ been to our town before? No, it39。s the first time I ___ here. A. even, e B. even, have e C. ever, e D. ever, have e 答案 D. ever意為曾經(jīng)或無論何時(shí)，反意詞為 never，此兩詞常用于完成時(shí)。 注意：非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的否定形式可以與表示延續(xù)時(shí)間的狀語連用。即動(dòng)作不發(fā)生的狀態(tài)是可以持續(xù)的。 （錯(cuò)） I have received his letter for a month. （對(duì)） I haven39。t received his letter for almost a month. 返回動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)目錄 比較 since和 for Since 用來說明動(dòng)作起始時(shí)間， for用來說明動(dòng)作延續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度。例如： I have lived here for more than twenty 。 I have lived here since I was born. 我從出生起就住在這兒了。 注意：并非有 for 作為時(shí)間狀語的句子都用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 I worked here for more than twenty years. （我現(xiàn)在已不在這里工作。） I have worked here for many years.（現(xiàn)在我仍在這里工作。） 注意：用句型轉(zhuǎn)換的方法，很容易排除非延續(xù)動(dòng)詞在有 for/since結(jié)構(gòu)的完成時(shí)中的誤用。 1）（對(duì)） Tom has studied Russian for three years. = Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now. 2）（錯(cuò)） Harry has got married for six years. = Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now. 顯然，第二句不對(duì)，它應(yīng)改為 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has been married for six years. 返回動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)目錄 since的四種用法 1） since +過去一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)（如具體的年、月、日期、鐘點(diǎn)、 1980, last month, half past six）。例如： I have been here since 1989. 1989 起，我一直在這兒。 2） since +一段時(shí)間 + ago。例如： I have been here since five months ago. 我在這兒，已經(jīng)有五個(gè)月了。 3） since +從句。例如： Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走后，變化可大了。 Great changes have taken place since we were here. 我們走后，變化可大了。 4） It is +一段時(shí)間 + since從句。
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