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初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)(動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài))(編輯修改稿)

2025-06-27 05:43 本頁(yè)面
 

【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里,就寫(xiě)信給你。 4)在動(dòng)詞hope, take care that, make sure that等的賓語(yǔ)從句中。例如: I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他們下星期玩得開(kāi)心。 Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 離開(kāi)房間前,務(wù)必把窗戶關(guān)了。 用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái) 下列動(dòng)詞e, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示將來(lái)。例如: I39。m leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。 Are you staying here till next week? 你會(huì)在這兒呆到下周嗎? 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用來(lái)表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),其結(jié)果的影響現(xiàn)在還存在;也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。其構(gòu)成:have(has)+過(guò)去分詞。 比較一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 1) 一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過(guò)去的事情,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作;現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過(guò)去發(fā)生的,強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。 2)一般過(guò)去時(shí)常與具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,或無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now等,皆為具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always等,皆不確定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 共同的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately 等。 3) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),動(dòng)詞一般是延續(xù)性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.。 一般過(guò)去時(shí)常用的非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞有e, go, leave, start, die, finish, bee, get married等。例如: I saw this film yesterday. (強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過(guò)了) I have seen this film. (強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響,電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了) Why did you get up so early? (強(qiáng)調(diào)起床的動(dòng)作已發(fā)生過(guò)了) Who hasn39。t handed in his paper? (強(qiáng)調(diào)有卷子未交,疑為不公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)) He has been in the League for three years. (在團(tuán)內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù)) He has been a League member for three years. (是團(tuán)員的狀態(tài)可持續(xù)) 注意:句子中如有過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間副詞(如yesterday, last, week, in 1960)時(shí),不能使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),要用過(guò)去時(shí)。 (錯(cuò))Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. (對(duì))Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句型 1)It is the first / second time … that… 結(jié)構(gòu)中的從句部分,用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。例如: It is the first time that I have visited the city. 這是我第一次訪問(wèn)這城市。 This is the first time (that) I39。ve heard him sing. 這是我第一次聽(tīng)他唱歌。 注意:It was the third time that the boy had been late. 2) This is +形容詞最高級(jí)+that…結(jié)構(gòu),that 從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。例如: This is the best film that I39。ve (ever) seen. 這是我看過(guò)的最好的電影。 典型例題 (1) Do you know our town at all? No, this is the first time I ___ here. A. was B. have been C. came D.
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