【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾 the buses。類似地，以下各題也選 D： (1) His house, for _________ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000. A. that B. it C. them D. which (2) Ashdown forest, through _________ we’ ll be driving, isn’ t a forest any longer. A. that B. it C. them D. which (3) This I did at nine o’ clock, after _________ I sat reading the . that B. it C. them D. which 類似地，以下各題選 whom，不選 them： (4) Gee, with _________ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warmhearted person. A. that B. him C. them D. whom (5) Her sons, both of _________ work abroad, will e back home this summer. A. that B. who C. them D. whom (6) I met the fruitpickers, several of _________ were still university students. A. that B. who C. them D. whom 5. He had a lot of friends, only a few of _________ invited to his wedding. A. whom B. them C. which D. who 【陷阱】容易誤選 A，認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。 【分析】最佳答案是 B，這不是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，而是一個(gè)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，因?yàn)榭崭窈蟮膭?dòng)詞 invited 并不是一個(gè)完整的謂語(yǔ)，而是一個(gè)過(guò)去分詞。當(dāng)然，假若在 invited 前加上助動(dòng)詞 were，則是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，答案便應(yīng)選 A。比較： (1) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _________ carried out in their work. A. which B. them C. what D. that 答案選 B， none of them carried out in their work 是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，其中的 carried out 為過(guò)去分詞。 (2) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _________ were carried out in their work. A. which B. them C. what D. that 答案選 A， none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，注意與上例比較句中多了一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞 were。 (3) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _________ were carried out in their work. A. which B. them C. what D. that 答案選 B，由于兩句之間增加了一個(gè)并列連詞 but，使得該句成了一個(gè)并列句。 6. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents seated together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 【陷阱】容易誤選 B，認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。 【分析】最佳答案是 A。與上面一題相似， their parents seated together joking 不是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，而是一個(gè)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，因?yàn)榭崭窈蟮膭?dòng)詞 seated 不是謂語(yǔ)，而是一個(gè)過(guò)去分詞，因?yàn)? seat 作動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，是及物動(dòng)詞。比較以下相似題： (1) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents were seated together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 選 B。 whose parents were seated together joking 為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，因?yàn)槠浜笥型暾闹^語(yǔ) were seated。 (2) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _________ parents were seated together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 選 A。因?yàn)榫渲杏胁⒘羞B詞 and，整個(gè)句子為并列句。 (3) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents sitting together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 選 A。 their parents sitting together joking 為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。 (4) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents sat together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 選 B。 whose parents sat together joking 為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，因?yàn)榫渲杏型暾闹^語(yǔ) sat。 (5) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents were sitting together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 選 B。 whose parents were sitting together joking 為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，因?yàn)榫渲杏型暾闹^語(yǔ) were sitting。 7. If the man is only interested in your looks, _________ just shows how shallow he is. A. as B. which C. what D. that 【陷阱】容易誤選 A或 B，誤這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。 【分析】正確答案為 D，注意逗號(hào)前 是一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，逗號(hào)后是該狀語(yǔ)從句的主句， that 在此代表前文所述的情況，用作主句的主語(yǔ)。類似地，下面幾道題也選 that，而不選 which： (1) If you promise to go with us, _________ will be . as B. which C. and it D. that (2) If you want a double room, _________ will cost another ￡ 15. A. as B. which C. what D. that (3) Whether you go or not, _________ is quite all right with . that B. which C. and it D. so (4) When I say two hours, _________ includes time for eating. A. as B. which C. what D. that 二、常 見名詞考點(diǎn)透析 一、單、復(fù)數(shù)名詞的正確使用 [例 ] They have all sorts of course. (2020 陜西高考改錯(cuò) ) [析 ] 英語(yǔ)中，名詞有單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)的形式。本題中的 course是可數(shù)名詞，意指―課程‖，故應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式 courses。 二、僅以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞 [例 ] Happy birthday, Peter, and many happy return of the day! (2020 安徽春考改錯(cuò) ) [析 ] Many happy returns of the day! 是一句固定的生日祝語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于漢語(yǔ)的―祝你年年有今日，歲 歲有今朝 !‖ returns 在此處便是約定俗成的用法。 除這一結(jié)構(gòu)外，像 shake hands with (= shake sb’ s hand), make friends with 和 change seats / trains / buses 等常用的結(jié)構(gòu)，及thanks, cheers, congratulations, things(情況 ), affairs, feelings, as follows(如下 ), in tears, in ruins, in pieces, in chains(被囚禁 ), in high spirits, in one’ s teens / twenties, in the 1990’ s (或 in the 1990s), into halves, good manners, give one’ s regards / best wishes to, make contributions to, make preparations for 等，也都是常用或只用復(fù)數(shù)的名詞式。 三、純粹不可數(shù)名詞的使用 [例 ] I’ m glad you have made such a great progress that... (2020 江西高考改錯(cuò) ) [析 ] 在英語(yǔ)中，有些名詞 , 如 advice(建議 ), news, information, fun, weather, progress, homework, housework 等，無(wú)論在什么情況下都是不可數(shù)的，所以這些詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，也不可把其與不定冠詞連用?？梢?， such a great progress 使用有誤 (須改為 such great progress)。再例： She was doing her homeworks one Sunday morning when she smelt something burning. (2020 高考福建卷改 錯(cuò) )由于 homework為不可數(shù)名詞，所以，作業(yè)再多，也無(wú)復(fù)數(shù)。